giải hệ pt:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x-y}=\frac{y}{\sqrt[3]{x-y}}\\2\left(x^2+y^2\right)-2\sqrt{2x-1}=13\end{matrix}\right.\)
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a, ĐK: \(x,y\ge0\)
\(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x}}=3\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x+3}\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=x^2+2x+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay \(x=1\) vào hệ phương trình đã cho ta được \(y=1\)
Vậy pt đã cho có nghiệm \(x=y=1\)
b, \(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\\x^2+y^2=3\left(x+y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x+y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\x^2+y^2=3\left(x+y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2-3x=0\end{matrix}\right.\left(1\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\x^2+y^2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=3\\x=y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)=280\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)=70\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(16-2xy\right)\left(16-3xy\right)=70\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\3x^2y^2-40xy+93=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy=\dfrac{31}{3}\\xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=\dfrac{31}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Phương trình này vô nghiệm
Vậy hệ đã cho có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right)\right\}\)
b, ĐK: \(xy>0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{2x}{y}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2y}{x}}=3\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{y}+\dfrac{2y}{x}+4=9\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=5xy\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=y\\x=2y\end{matrix}\right.\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\2x^2-x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\2y^2+y-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
d: \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=1\\4x+3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4x+4y=4\\4x+3y=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có : \(x+\sqrt{\left(x+1\right).y}=2y-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+1+\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)y}-2y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x+1}+2\sqrt{y}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=\sqrt{y}\left(1\right)\\\sqrt{x+1}+2\sqrt{y}=0\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (2) ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+1=0\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=0\end{matrix}\right.\) (tm)
Thử lại ta có (x;y) = (-1;0) là 1 nghiệm của hệ phương trình
Từ (1) ta có : x + 1 = y
Khi đó \(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{y}=x^2-y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=x^2-x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)=x^2-x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-6}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}=x+2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với x = 3 => y = 4 (tm)
Với \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}=x+2\)
Vì \(x\ge-1\) nên \(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}\le\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
nên \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}=1\)
lại có \(VP\ge1\) khi x \(\ge-1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x = -1 => y = 0 (tm)
Vậy (x;y) = (-1;0) ; (3;4)
đk: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\y\ge0\\x^2>y\end{matrix}\right.\)
pt đầu \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)y}=2y-x-1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x+1\right)y=4y^2+x^2+1+2x-4xy-4y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+4y^2-5xy+2x-5y+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)\left(x-4y\right)+\left(x-y\right)+\left(x-4y\right)+1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y+1\right)\left(x-4y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=x+1\\x=4y-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(y=x+1\) thay vào pt thứ hai, ta được
\(\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{x+1}=x^2-x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)=x^2-x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x-6}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-\left(x-3\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-x+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=3\left(nhận\right)\\\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-x+2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1.1: \(x=3\Rightarrow y=x+1=4\) (nhận)
TH1.2:\(\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-x+2=0\) (chỗ này mai mình nghĩ tiếp)
TH2: \(x=4y-1\). Thay vào pt thứ hai, ta được
\(\sqrt{8y+1}+\sqrt{y}=16y^2-9y+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{8y+1}-1\right)+\sqrt{y}=16y^2-9y\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{8y}{\sqrt{8y+1}+1}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{y}}-16y^2+9y=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{8y+1}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}-16y+9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\\\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{8y+1}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}-16y+9=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH2.1: \(y=0\) \(\Rightarrow x=4y-1=-1\) (nhận)
TH2.2: \(\dfrac{8}{\sqrt{8y+1}+1}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}-16y+9=0\)
(đoạn này để mai mình nghĩ tiếp nhé, ta tìm được các nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(-1;0\right);\left(3;4\right)\))
a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(y^2+y\right)=18\\\left(x^2+x\right)\left(y^2+y\right)=72\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Viet đảo, \(x^2+x\) và \(y^2+y\) là nghiệm của:
\(t^2-18t+72=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=12\\t=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=6\\y^2+y=12\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=12\\y^2+y=6\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left\{2;-3\right\}\\y=\left\{3;-4\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left\{3;-4\right\}\\y=\left\{2;-3\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)
b/ ĐKXĐ: ...
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y+1}=1\\x=\frac{3y-1}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nhận thấy \(y=\frac{1}{3}\) không phải nghiệm
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y+1}=1\\\frac{1}{x}=\frac{y}{3y-1}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{y}{3y-1}+\frac{1}{y+1}=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(y+1\right)+3y-1=\left(3y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-y=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\left(l\right)\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(x^3+y^3+3xy=1\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^3-1-3xy\left(x+y\right)+3xy=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2+x+y+1\right]-3xy\left(x+y-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy+x+y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y-1\right)\left[\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x+1\right)^2+\left(y+1\right)^2\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+y-1=0\\x=y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)
TH1: \(x=y=-1\) thế vào pt dưới kiểm tra ko thỏa mãn
TH2: \(y=1-x\) thế vào pt dưới:
\(\sqrt{\left(4-x\right)\left(x+12\right)}=\dfrac{27}{x+3}\) (ĐKXĐ: \(-12\le x\le4;x\ne-3\))
- Với \(x< -3\) pt vô nghiệm, với \(x>-3\)
Đặt \(x+3=t>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(t+9\right)\left(7-t\right)}=\dfrac{27}{t}\Leftrightarrow64-\left(t+1\right)^2=\dfrac{27^2}{t^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow64=\dfrac{27^2}{t^2}+\left(t+1\right)^2=\dfrac{25^2}{t^2}+t^2+\dfrac{104}{t^2}+t+t+1\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{25^2t^2}{t^2}}+3\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{104t^2}{t^2}}+1>65\) (vô lý)
Vậy hệ vô nghiệm