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 The factory paid __________ nearly a million pounds to their employees who were injured in the explosion.A. offB. outC. backD. inYou will know the result __________ two weeks.A. onB. aboutC. inD. during      3. No child __________ the age of sixteen will be admitted to this film.A. beforeB. exceptC. lackingD. below     4. If you want to __________ success in life, you have to work hard.A. achieveB. receiveC. awardD. earn      5. It was clear that the young couple were __________ of taking...
Đọc tiếp

 

  1. The factory paid __________ nearly a million pounds to their employees who were injured in the explosion.

A. off

B. out

C. back

D. in

  1. You will know the result __________ two weeks.

A. on

B. about

C. in

D. during

      3. No child __________ the age of sixteen will be admitted to this film.

A. before

B. except

C. lacking

D. below

     4. If you want to __________ success in life, you have to work hard.

A. achieve

B. receive

C. award

D. earn

      5. It was clear that the young couple were __________ of taking charge of the restaurant.

A. responsible

B. reliable

C. capable

D. able

      6. Give me a word __________ with S.

A. beginning

B. began

C. begins

D. begin

      7 Owing to the bad weather, the garden party was __________ .

A. called off

B. shouted out

C. spoken against

D. cried down

8 The hotel has been built on the ............. of the lake.

  1. border                          B. boundary                 C. edge                        D. front

9 John: “I didn’t pass my driving test.” – Anna: “.............!”

A.     Better luck next time                B. So poor      

C.  Congratulations                                    D. That was nice of you.

10 She used to ............. her living by delivering vegetables to local hotels.

A. have                              B. win              C. earn                         D. get

11. Although it was raining heavily, .............

A.     he went out without a raincoat.

B.   but he went out without a raincoat.

C.  so he went out without a raincoat.

however he went out without a rain coat

ai nhanh tik nhe

1
19 tháng 2 2020

1. C

2. C

3. D

4. B

5. A

6. C

7. A

8. C

9. A

10. C

11. A

Chả bk có đúng ko nữa vì mk mới hok lớp 6

Hok tốt!

III. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. (4,0 pts)1. You will know the result ………………… two weeks.         A. onB. aboutC. inD. during2. Owing to the bad weather, the garden party was ……………….. .         A. called offB. shouted outC. spoken againstD. cried down3. If you want to ………………… success in life, you have to work hard.         A. achieveB. receiveC. awardD. earn4. Tell me …………………….. .     A. what do you want?B. you want what     C. what you wantD. that what you want5....
Đọc tiếp

III. Choose the best answer to complete the following sentences. (4,0 pts)

1. You will know the result ………………… two weeks.

         A. on

B. about

C. in

D. during

2. Owing to the bad weather, the garden party was ……………….. .

         A. called off

B. shouted out

C. spoken against

D. cried down

3. If you want to ………………… success in life, you have to work hard.

         A. achieve

B. receive

C. award

D. earn

4. Tell me …………………….. .

     A. what do you want?

B. you want what

     C. what you want

D. that what you want

5. I  …………… to Singapore three times.

A. have gone       B. have been                 C. went                           D. visited

6. The three Rs............... for Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.

            A. stand              B. sit                           C. make                        D. explain

7.   …………….. to a native speaker of English, Phuong?

A.  Have you ever talked                          B. Do you ever talk          

C. Did you ever talk                                  D. Are you ever talking

8.  Fish were among the earliest forms of life. Fish ………….. on earth for ages and ages.

A.  will exist         B.  are existing             C.  existed           D. have existed

9. There are two churches in the town and   ………………of them are extremely old.

A. each

B. all

C. both

                    D. most

10. Mr. Robinson speaks Vietnamese very……………………..

A. skillfully

      B. good

C. fluently

D. best

11. The weather was fine. …………….., we didn’t go on a picnic.

     A. however

B. but

C. because

D. so

12. It took us an hour .............................to Nha Trang last year.

A. drive

            B. driving

     C.  to drive

D. drove

13. On the table were vegetables, bread and two large ................................

A. bowl of soup

B. bowl of soups

C. bowls of soups

D. bowls of soup

14. My brother never goes to school late and..................................

A. so do I.

B. Neither don’t I.

C. I don’t, either

D. I don’t, too

15. There’s a lot of interesting things ………………. in the city.

       A. do                          B. does                                C. doing                             D. to do

16. He was only thirteen, but he ate ..............................his father did.

A. as much as

B. as many as

C. much than

D. more much than

17. The noise in the streets usually ……………me awake at night.

A. keeps

B. is keeping

C. kept

D. has kept

18. Robots make man’s work …………………………..

A. most easy

B. easier

C. more easy

D. easily

19. Aldults as well as children…………………….quarrel during Tet.

A. can’t

B. needn’t

C. shouldn’t

D. mayn’t

20. I would rather you ………………… me the story. 

     A. tell

B. told

C. to tell

D. telling

21.  He is fond of_______ by train so he can admire the sight along the railway.

A. travel                      B. travelling                C. to travel                  D. travelled

22. I got_______ when I tried to find the platform.

A. lose                         B. lost                          C. loss                         D. loose

23. You should practice_______ English to talk to your foreign friends.

A. to speak                  B. speak                      C. spoke                      D. speaking

24.  I tried my_______ not to laugh.

            A. good                       B. well                         C. better                      D. best

25. It_______ the coldest day in Ha Noi for 40 years.

            A. has                          B. was                         C. is                             D. has been

26. Tim’s teacher asked him to spend more time_______ Spanish pronunciation.

            A. in                            B. of                            C. at                            D. on

27. When you want to answer the teacher’s questions you should_______ your hand.

A. rise                          B. lift                           C. raise                        D. give

1
14 tháng 2 2022

1B

2A

3A

4C

5B

6A

7A

8D

9C

10C

11A

12C

13D

14C

15D

16A

17A

18B

19C

chúc bn học tốt

14 tháng 2 2022

mk camon nha

27 tháng 1 2021

1. smoking will do a lot of ... to your health

a. harms

b. advantages

c. harmful

d. benefit

2. It is dark is this room. Please turn ... the light

a. off

b. over

c. back

d. on

3. He put the stamp ... the envelope.

a. up

b. on

c. under

d. above

4. She often goes to the movie ... us

a. between

b. with

c. along

d. among

5. I sometimes stay ... bed until lunchtime

a. with

b. in

c. down

d. to

6. Take two tablets ... water

a. out

b. with

c. by

d. in

7. Tom is ... garden... me

a. in / with

b. through / with

c. at / with

d. on / by

8.My sister is very fond ... chocolate candy.

a. of

b. for

c. with

d. at

9. What country do you come ...?

a. by

b. to

c.out

d. from

10. People can see my house ... the bridge.

a. over

b. from

c. near

d. under

27 tháng 1 2021

1. smoking will do a lot of ... to your health

a. harms

b. advantages

c. harmful

d. benefit

2. It is drank is this room. Please turn ... the light

a. off

b. over

c. back

d. on

3. He put the stamp ... the envelope.

a. up

b. on

c. under

d. above

4. She often goes to the movie ... us

a. between

b. with

c. along

d. among

5. I sometimes stay ... bed until lunchtime

a. with

b. in

c. down

d. to

6. Take two tablets ... water

a. out

b. with

c. by

d. in

7. Tom is ... garden... me

a. in / with

b. through / with

c. at / with

d. on / by

8.My sister is very fond ... chocolate candy.

a. of

b. for

c. with

d. at

9. What country do you come ...?

a. by

b. to

c.out

d. from

10. People can see my house ... the bridge.

a. over

b. from

c. near

d. under

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society. In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.

In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home. As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.

From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work. Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work. Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home. Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work. Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work.

Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation

Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families. This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements. Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women.

Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes.

During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories. Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men. Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women. The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism. Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women.

Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity. The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work.

During the time of Industrial Revolution, women were dominant in _____.

A. sex industry     

B. Broidery           

C. textile industry 

D. bakery

1
23 tháng 4 2019

Đáp án C

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 7: “…the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories.”

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8. The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.

In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home. As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.

From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work. Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work. Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home. Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work. Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work

Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation.

Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families. This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements. Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women.

Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories. Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men. Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women. The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism. Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women.

Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity. The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work.

The word “brutal” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _____.

A. tearful

B. abrupt

C. humane

D. harsh

1
21 tháng 5 2017

Đáp án C

sweatshops: xí nghiệp bóc lột công nhân tàn tệ

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8. The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.

In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home. As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.

From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work. Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work. Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home. Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work. Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work

Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation.

Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families. This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements. Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women.

Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories. Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men. Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women. The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism. Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women.

Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity. The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work.

According to the passage, why did Jackson oppose the Bank of the United States?

A. He thought it benefited only rich people

B. It started a war.

C. It opposed electing him “King Andrew”.

D. It opposed giving common people the right to vote.

1
31 tháng 1 2017

Đáp án C

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 4: “Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations,…; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation.”
- dù giảm trách nhiệm với gia đình và nâng cao về giáo dục,… họ vẫn chưa nhận được sự ngang bằng hay những vị trí công việc cao hơn ở nơi làm việc.

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8. The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.

In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home. As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.

From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work. Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work. Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home. Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work. Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work

Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation.

Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families. This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements. Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women.

Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories. Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men. Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women. The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism. Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women.

Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity. The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work.

The word “institution” in paragraph 3 refers to _____.

A. the presidency of the United States

B. American society

C. The Bank of the United States

D. democracy

1
18 tháng 2 2018

Đáp án A

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 3: “Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home.”
- indentured work = work outside the home

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8. The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.

In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home. As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.

From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work. Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work. Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home. Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work. Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work

Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation.

Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families. This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements. Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women.

Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories. Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men. Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women. The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism. Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women.

Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity. The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work.

According to the passage, Jackson’s policy toward American Indians was _____.

A. developed during the War of 1812

B. forceful and cruel

C. considered his greatest achievement

D. considered progressive at the time

1
3 tháng 8 2018

Đáp án D

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 3: “Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work.”

– phụ nữ phải làm vì sự cần thiết về kinh tế, nếu như chồng của họ không thể 1 mình làm trụ cột gia đình.

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8. The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 1 to 8.

The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.

In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home. As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.

From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work. Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work. Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home. Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work. Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work

Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation.

Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families. This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements. Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women.

Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes. During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories. Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men. Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women. The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism. Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women.

Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity. The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work.

What women have done for the economic development have changed over time due to _____.

A. their role in the home

B. their marital status and their husbands

C. the different factors of the society

D. the Industrial Revolution

1
4 tháng 6 2018

Đáp án C

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 1: “The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.”

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50. The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society. In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural...
Đọc tiếp

Read the following passage on transport, and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to

indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.

The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.

In prehistoric times, women and men participated almost equally in hunting and gathering activities to obtain food. With the development of agricultural communities, women’s work revolved more around the home. As urban centres developed, women sold or traded goods in the marketplace.

From ancient to modern times, four generalizations can be made about women's paid work. Women have worked because of economic necessity; poor women in particular worked outside the home whether they were unmarried or married, and especially if their husbands were unable to sustain the family solely through their own work. Women’s indentured work has often been similar to their work at home. Women have maintained the primary responsibility for raising children, regardless of their paid work. Women have historically been paid less than men and have been allocated lower-status work.

Some major changes are now occurring in industrial nations, including the steadily increasing proportion of women in the labor force; decreasing family responsibilities (due to both smaller family size and technological innovation in the home); higher levels of education for women; and more middle and upper-income women working for pay or for job satisfaction. Statistically, they have not yet achieved parity of pay or senior appointments in the workplace in any nation

Artisans working in their own homes not infrequently used the labor of their families. This custom was so prevalent during the Middle Ages, craft guilds of the period, including some that otherwise excluded women, often admitted to membership the widows of guild members, providing they met professional requirements. Dressmaking and lacemaking guilds were composed exclusively of women.

Gradually, the guilds were replaced by the putting-out system, whereby tools and materials were distributed to workers by merchants; the workers then produced articles on a piecework basis in their homes.

During the 18th and early 19th centuries, as the Industrial Revolution developed, the putting-out system slowly declined. Goods that had been produced by hand in the home were manufactured by machine under the factory system. Women competed more with men for some jobs, but were concentrated primarily in textile mills and clothing factories. Manufacturers often favored women employees because of relevant skills and lower wages, and also because early trade union organization tended to occur first among men. Employees in sweatshops were also preponderantly women. The result was to institutionalize systems of low pay, poor working conditions, long hours, and other abuses, which along with child labor presented some of the worst examples of worker exploitation in early industrial capitalism. Minimum wage legislation and other protective laws, when introduced, concentrated particularly on the alleviation of these abuses of working women.

Women workers in business and the professions, the so-called white-collar occupations, suffered less from poor conditions of work and exploitative labor, but were denied equality of pay and opportunity. The growing use of the typewriter and the telephone after the 1870s created two new employment niches for women, as typists and telephonists, but in both fields the result was again to institutionalize a permanent category of low-paid, low-status women’s work.

What women have done for the economic development have changed over time due to ___.

A. their role in the home

B. their marital status and their husbands

C. the different factors of the society

D. the Industrial Revolution

1
2 tháng 9 2018

Đáp án C

Thông tin nằm ở đoạn 1: “The work of women has been economically vital since prehistory, although their contributions have varied according to the structure, needs, customs, and attitudes of society.”