cho a,b,c,d >0 A=\(\frac{a}{a+b+c}+\frac{b}{b+c+d}+\frac{c}{c+d+a}+\frac{d}{d+a+b}\)
Tìm phần nguyên của A
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6 tháng 7 2021
1, \(\dfrac{a}{b+c+d}=\dfrac{b}{a+c+d}=\dfrac{c}{a+b+d}=\dfrac{d}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{a+b+c+d}{3\left(a+b+c+d\right)}=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Do đó \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a=b+c+d\left(1\right)\\3b=a+c+d\left(2\right)\\3c=a+b+d\left(3\right)\\3d=a+b+c\left(4\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow3\left(a+b\right)=a+b+2c+2d\Leftrightarrow2\left(a+b\right)=2\left(c+d\right)\Leftrightarrow a+b=c+d\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{a+b}{c+d}=1\)
Tương tự cũng có: \(\dfrac{b+c}{a+d}=1;\dfrac{c+d}{a+b}=1;\dfrac{d+a}{b+c}=1\)
\(\Rightarrow A=4\)
2, Có \(\dfrac{x^3}{8}=\dfrac{y^3}{64}=\dfrac{z^3}{216}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{6}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{36}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{4+16+36}=\dfrac{14}{56}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
Do đó \(\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4};\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{1}{4};\dfrac{z^2}{36}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1\\y^2=4\\z^2=9\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\y=\pm2\\z=\pm3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(1;2;3\right),\left(-1;-2;-3\right)\)
6 tháng 7 2021
Bài 2 :
a, Ta có : \(\dfrac{x^3}{8}=\dfrac{y^3}{64}=\dfrac{z^3}{216}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{4}=\dfrac{z}{6}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x^2}{4}=\dfrac{y^2}{16}=\dfrac{z^2}{36}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{4+16+36}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=1\\y^2=4\\z^2=9\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\pm1\\y=\pm2\\z=\pm3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy ...
b, Ta có : \(\dfrac{2x+1}{5}=\dfrac{3y-2}{7}=\dfrac{2x+3y-1}{5+7}=\dfrac{2x+3y-1}{6x}\)
\(\Rightarrow6x=12\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
\(\Rightarrow y=3\)
Vậy ...
LM
24 tháng 9 2016
\(\frac{a}{b+c+d}=\frac{b}{a+c+d}=\frac{c}{a+b+d}=\)\(\frac{d}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\frac{a}{b+c+d}=1+\frac{b}{a+c+d}=1+\frac{c}{a+b+d}=1+\frac{d}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c+d}{b+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+c+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+d}=\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c}\)
Mà: \(a+b+c+d\ne0\Rightarrow b+c+d=a+c+d=a+b+d=a+b+c\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=d\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{a+b}{c+d}+\frac{b+c}{a+d}+\frac{c+d}{a+b}+\frac{d+a}{b+c}=\frac{a+a}{a+a}+\frac{b+b}{b+b}+\frac{c+c}{c+c}+\frac{d+d}{d+d}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=1+1+1+1=4\)
24 tháng 9 2016
số đo slaf
4
nhe sbn
bài dài
lắm mình
vhir tiện ghi
thế này thôi
23 tháng 11 2016
Ta có
\(4\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2=\left(\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(c+d\right)+\left(d+a\right)\right)^2\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{a+b}}{\sqrt{b+c+d}}.\sqrt{a+b}.\sqrt{b+c+d}+\frac{\sqrt{b+c}}{\sqrt{c+d+a}}.\sqrt{b+c}.\sqrt{c+d+a}+\frac{\sqrt{c+d}}{\sqrt{d+a+b}}.\sqrt{c+d}.\sqrt{d+a+b}+\frac{\sqrt{d+a}}{\sqrt{a+b+c}}.\sqrt{d+a}.\sqrt{a+b+c}\right)^2\)
\(\le\left(\frac{a+b}{b+c+d}+\frac{b+c}{c+d+a}+\frac{c+d}{d+a+b}+\frac{d+a}{a+b+c}\right)\left(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c+d\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(c+d+a\right)+\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a+b\right)+\left(d+a\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2}{\left(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c+d\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(c+d+a\right)+\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a+b\right)+\left(d+a\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\right)}\)(1)
Ta chứng minh
\(4\left(a+b+c+d\right)^2\ge\frac{8}{3}\left(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c+d\right)+\left(b+c\right)\left(c+d+a\right)+\left(c+d\right)\left(d+a+b\right)+\left(d+a\right)\left(a+b+c\right)\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+d^2-2ac-2bd\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-d\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)
Từ (1) và (2) ta
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{b+c+d}+\frac{b+c}{c+d+a}+\frac{c+d}{d+a+b}+\frac{d+a}{a+b+c}\ge\frac{8}{3}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a = b = c = d
24 tháng 5 2017
Đặt \(b+c+d=x;c+d+a=y;a+b+d=z;a+b+c=t\)
Có \(a=\frac{y+z+t-2x}{3}\)
Tương tự :\(b=\frac{x+z+t-2y}{3}\)
\(c=\frac{x+y+t-2z}{3}\)
\(d=\frac{y+x+z-2t}{3}\)
Đặt \(M=\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b}{a+c+d}+\frac{c}{a+b+d}+\frac{d}{a+b+c}\)
Thay vào biểu thức ta có :
\(M=\frac{\frac{y+z+t-2x}{3}}{x}+\frac{\frac{x+z+t-2y}{3}}{y}+\frac{\frac{x+y+t-2z}{3}}{z}+\frac{\frac{y+x+z-2t}{3}}{t}\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{y+z+t-2x}{x}+\frac{x+z+t-2y}{y}+\frac{x+y+t-2z}{z}+\frac{x+z+y-2t}{t}\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{3}\left[\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{x}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{t}{x}+\frac{x}{t}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{y}+\frac{y}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{t}{y}+\frac{y}{t}\right)+\left(\frac{t}{z}+\frac{z}{t}\right)-8\right]\)
Sử dụng BĐT Cô-si suy ra \(Min_M=\frac{1}{3}.\left(12-8\right)=\frac{4}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi x = y = z = t hay \(b+c+d=a+b+c=c+d+a=b+d+a\) ( tự giải ra a=b=c=d)
Đặt \(N=\frac{b+c+d}{a}+\frac{c+a+d}{b}+\frac{d+a+b}{c}+\frac{a+b+c}{d}\)
\(=\left(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{a}{b}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{d}{a}+\frac{a}{d}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{b}+\frac{b}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{d}{c}+\frac{c}{d}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{d}+\frac{d}{b}\right)\)
Sử dụng Cô-si ra \(N\ge12\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=d ( tự giải ).
Do đó \(S=M+N\ge\frac{4}{3}+12=13\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=d\)
\(\)
KN
15 tháng 2 2020
Áp dụng bđt cô - si cho 2 số không âm, ta được:
\(S=\text{ Σ}_{a,b,c,d}\left(\frac{a}{b+c+d}+\frac{b+c+d}{9a}\right)+\text{ Σ}_{a,b,c,d}\frac{8}{9}.\frac{b+c+d}{9a}\)
\(\ge8\sqrt[8]{\frac{a}{b+c+d}.\frac{b}{c+d+a}.\frac{c}{a+b+d}.\frac{d}{a+b+c}}\)\(\sqrt{\frac{b+c+d}{9a}.\frac{c+d+a}{9b}.\frac{a+b+d}{9c}.\frac{a+b+c}{9d}}\)
\(+\frac{8}{9}\left(\frac{b}{a}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{d}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+\frac{d}{b}+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{d}{c}+\frac{a}{d}+\frac{b}{d}+\frac{c}{d}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{8}{3}+\frac{8}{9}.12=\frac{40}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = d
25 tháng 1 2020
Do a,b,c,d > 0 nên \(b+c+d>0,c+d+a>0,d+a+b>0,a+b+c>0\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM - GM ta có :
\(\frac{a}{b+c+b}+\frac{b+c+d}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b+c+d}.\frac{b+c+d}{a}}=2\)
Tương tự ta có được điều phải chứng minh
Khi đó \(P\ge2+2+2+2=8\)
Lời giải:
Ta thấy, với mọi $a,b,c,d>0$ ta có:
$\frac{a}{a+b+c}>\frac{a}{a+b+c+d}$
$\frac{b}{b+c+d}>\frac{b}{b+c+d+a}$
$\frac{c}{c+d+a}>\frac{c}{c+d+a+b}$
$\frac{d}{d+a+b}>\frac{d}{d+a+b+c}$
Cộng theo vế:
$\Rightarrow A>\frac{a+b+c+d}{a+b+c+d}$ hay $A>1(1)$
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Mặt khác:
Xét hiệu:
$\frac{a}{a+b+c}-\frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}=\frac{-d(b+c)}{(a+b+c)(a+b+c+d)}< 0$
$\Rightarrow \frac{a}{a+b+c}< \frac{a+d}{a+b+c+d}$
Tương tự:
$\frac{b}{b+c+d}< \frac{b+a}{b+c+d+a}$
$\frac{c}{c+d+a}< \frac{c+b}{c+d+a+b}$
$\frac{d}{d+a+b}< \frac{d+c}{d+a+b+c}$
Cộng theo vế:
$A< \frac{2(a+b+c+d)}{a+b+c+d}$ hay $A< 2(2)$
Từ $(1);(2)\Rightarrow 1< A< 2$
$\Rightarrow$ \(\left \lfloor A\right \rfloor=1\)