Cho S = 1/4 + 2/4^2 + 3/4^3 + . . . + 2014/4^2014
Chứng minh rằng : S < 1/2
Đang cần gấp :33
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=>4.S=1+2/4 +3/42+....+2014/42013
=>3.S=1+1/4+1/42+...+1/42013-2014/42014
=>12.S=4+1+1/4+......+1/42012-2014/42013
=>9.S=4-2014/42013-1/42013+2014/42014
=>9.S=4-(2015/42013-2014/42014) mà 2015/42013-2014/42014>0
=>9.S<4
=>S<4/9
=S<4/8
=>S<1/2
=>S<0,5
Vậy S<0,5 (ĐPCM)
=> \(4.S=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}\)
=> 4.S - S = \(\left(1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{3}{4^3}+...+\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\right)\)
=> 3.S = \(=1+\left(\frac{2}{4}-\frac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\frac{3}{4^2}-\frac{2}{4^2}\right)+\left(\frac{4}{4^3}-\frac{3}{4^3}\right)+...+\left(\frac{2014}{4^{2013}}-\frac{2013}{4^{2013}}\right)-\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\)
=> 3.S = \(1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2013}}-\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\)
Tính A= \(1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2013}}\)
=> \(4.A=4+1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2012}}\)
=> 4.A - A = \(4-\frac{1}{4^{2013}}\)=> A= \(\frac{4}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2013}}\)
=> 3.S = \(\frac{4}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2013}}-\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}\) => S = \(\frac{4}{9}-\frac{1}{9.4^{2013}}-\frac{2014}{4^{2014}}<\frac{4}{9}<1\)=> S < 1 => đpcm