cho \(S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
so sánh S với 2
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\(S=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{2014}{5^{2014}}\)
\(5S=1+\frac{2}{5}+\frac{3}{5^2}+...+\frac{2014}{5^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow5S-S=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}-\frac{2014}{5^{2014}}\)
\(S=\frac{1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}-\frac{2014}{5^{2014}}}{4}\)
Xét \(A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2013}}\)
\(5A=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{2012}}\)
\(5A-A=1-\frac{1}{5^{2013}}\Leftrightarrow A=\frac{1-\frac{1}{5^{2013}}}{4}=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4.5^{2013}}\)
\(\Rightarrow S=\frac{1+\frac{1}{4}-\left(\frac{1}{4.5^{2013}}+\frac{2014}{5^{2014}}\right)}{4}=\frac{5}{16}-\frac{\frac{1}{4.5^{2013}}+\frac{2014}{5^{2014}}}{4}< \frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
..............
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
=> S < \(\dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
S < \(1-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(S< 1-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)(do 1/100 >0)
ĐPcm
Giải:
\(S=\dfrac{1}{2^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{4^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{99^2}+\dfrac{1}{100^2}\)
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{2^2}=\dfrac{1}{2.2}< \dfrac{1}{1.2}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3^2}=\dfrac{1}{3.3}< \dfrac{1}{2.3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{4^2}=\dfrac{1}{4.4}< \dfrac{1}{3.4}\)
\(...\)
\(\dfrac{1}{99^2}=\dfrac{1}{99.99}< \dfrac{1}{98.99}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{100^2}=\dfrac{1}{100.100}< \dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1.2}+\dfrac{1}{2.3}+\dfrac{1}{3.4}+...+\dfrac{1}{98.99}+\dfrac{1}{99.100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}-\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{98}-\dfrac{1}{99}+\dfrac{1}{99}-\dfrac{1}{100}\)
\(\Rightarrow S< \dfrac{1}{1}-\dfrac{1}{100}< 1\)
\(\Rightarrow S< 1\)
Vậy S < 1.
Theo BĐT \(AM-GM\) ta có : \(\sqrt{ab}< \frac{a+b}{2}\) với \(a;b>0;a\ne b\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{ab}}>\frac{2}{a+b}\)
Áp dụng ta được :
\(S>\frac{2}{1+2014}+\frac{2}{2+2013}+...+\frac{2}{k+2014-k+1}+...+\frac{2}{2014+1}\)
\(=2\left(\frac{1}{2015}+\frac{1}{2015}+...+\frac{1}{2015}\right)=2.\frac{2014}{2015}\)
Vậy \(S>2.\frac{2014}{2015}\)
S>2
nhân s với 2
lấy 2 S - S = 1+ 1/2 + 1/22015
:)) HD thui
Ta có: \(S=1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+\frac{1}{2^3}...+\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
\(2S=2+1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2^2}+...+\frac{1}{2^{2013}}\)
\(2S-S=2-\frac{1}{2^{2014}}\)
Hay \(S=2-\frac{1}{2^{2014}}< 2\)
Suy ra: \(S< 2\)
_Học tốt_