Tìm GTNN của biểu thức:
\(M=2019\sqrt{x-2}+2020\sqrt{10-x}\)
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1. B = | x - 2018 | + | x - 2019 | + | x - 2020 |
= ( | x - 2018 | + | x - 2020 | ) + | x - 2019 |
= ( | x - 2018 | + | 2020 - x | ) + | x - 2019 |
Vì \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left|x-2018\right|+\left|2020-x\right|\ge\left|x-2018+2020-x\right|=2\\\left|x-2019\right|\ge0\end{cases}}\)=> B ≥ 2 ∀ x
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(x-2018\right)\left(2020-x\right)\ge0\\x-2019=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow x=2019\)
Vậy MinB = 2 <=> x = 2019
2. ĐKXĐ : x ≥ 0
Ta có : \(\sqrt{x}+3\ge3\forall x\ge0\)
=> \(\frac{2019}{\sqrt{x}+3}\le673\forall x\ge0\). Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x = 0 (tm)
Vậy MaxC = 673 <=> x = 0
a, P>0
Có \(P^2=x+2\sqrt{x\left(2-x\right)}+2-x=2+2\sqrt{2x-x^2}=\sqrt{1-\left(x^2-2x+1\right)}+2=2+\sqrt{1-\left(x-1\right)^2}\)
Luôn có: \(1-\left(x-1\right)^2\le1\)=> \(0\le\sqrt{1-\left(x-1\right)^2}\le1\)<=> \(0\le2\sqrt{1-\left(x-1\right)^2}\le4\)
<=> \(2\le2+2\sqrt{1-\left(x-1\right)^2}\le2+2\)
<=> \(2\le P^2\le4\)
<=> \(\sqrt{2}\le P\le2\)(do P>0)
minP xảy ra <=> \(\sqrt{1-\left(x-1\right)^2}=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-1\right)^2=1\) <=> \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)(t/m)
maxP xảy ra<=> \(\sqrt{1-\left(x-1\right)^2}=1\)
<=> \(\left(x-1\right)^2=0\) <=> x=1(t/m)
b, Q>0 (đk :\(2019\le x\le2020\))
Có \(Q^2=x-2019+2\sqrt{\left(x-2019\right)\left(2020-x\right)}+2020-x=1+2\sqrt{\left(x-2019\right)\left(2020-x\right)}\)
Luôn có: \(0\le2\sqrt{\left(x-2019\right)\left(2020-x\right)}\le\left(x-2019\right)+\left(2020-x\right)\)
<=> \(1\le1+2\sqrt{\left(x-2019\right)\left(2020-x\right)}\le1+1\)
<=> \(1\le Q^2\le2\)
<=> \(1\le Q\le\sqrt{2}\)( do Q>0)
minQ=1 <=> \(\sqrt{\left(x-2019\right)\left(2020-x\right)}=0\)
<=> \(\left(x-2019\right)\left(2020-x\right)=0\)
<=> x=2019(tm) hoặc x=2020(t/m)
maxQ=\(\sqrt{2}\) <=> \(x-2019=2020-x\) <=> \(x=\frac{4039}{2}\) (tm)
Bài 2:
\(C=\frac{2019}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
Vì C có tử = 2019 ko đổi
\(\Rightarrow\) Để C đạt max thì mẫu phải đạt min
+Có:\(\sqrt{x}\ge0với\forall x\\ \Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+3\ge3\)
+Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi ......tự lm :))
\(\Rightarrow\)Mẫu đạt min = 3 khi x=...
\(\Rightarrow\)C max = ... khi x=....
BÀi 1:
\(B=\left|x-2018\right|+\left|x-2019\right|+\left|x-2020\right|\\ \Leftrightarrow B=\left|x-2018\right|+\left|2020-x\right|+\left|x-2019\right|\\ \Leftrightarrow B=2+\left|x-2019\right|\\ \Leftrightarrow B\ge2\)
+Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2018\ge0\\x-2019\ge0\\x-2020\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=2019\)
+Vậy \(B_{min}=2\) khi \(x=2019\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge2019\)
\(P=\left|x-1\right|+\left|2020-x\right|+\sqrt{x-2019}\)
\(P\ge\left|x-1+2020-x\right|+\sqrt{x-2019}=2019+\sqrt{x-2019}\ge2019\)
\(\Rightarrow P_{min}=2019\) khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1\ge0\\2020-x\ge0\\\sqrt{x-2019}=0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=2019\)
\(x=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}\right)=\sqrt{6}\)
\(y=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{6}-1\right)^2}=\sqrt{6}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow x-y=1\Rightarrow P=1\)
\(B=x-2020-\sqrt{x-2020}+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{8079}{4}\)
\(B=\left(\sqrt{x-2020}-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{8079}{4}\ge\dfrac{8079}{4}\)
\(B_{min}=\dfrac{8079}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{8081}{4}\)
TXĐ: \(D=\left(-1;1\right)\)
\(B=\frac{2018x+2019\sqrt{1-x^2}+2020}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}\)
\(=\frac{2018x+2020}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}+2019\)
Đặt \(A=\frac{2018x+2020}{\sqrt{1-x^2}}>0\)vì \(-1< x< 1\)
=> \(\sqrt{1-x^2}.A=2018x+2020\)
=> \(\left(1-x^2\right)A^2=2018^2x^2+2.2018.2020x+2020^2\)
<=> \(\left(2018^2+A^2\right)x^2+2.2018.2020x+2020^2-A^2=0\)
pt trên có nghiệm <=> \(\Delta\ge0\)<=> \(\left(2018.2020\right)^2-\left(2018^2+A^2\right).\left(2020^2-A^2\right)\ge0\)
<=> \(A^4-\left(2020^2-2018^2\right)A^2\ge0\)
<=> \(A^2-8076\ge0\)
<=> \(A\ge\sqrt{8076}\)
"=" xảy ra <=> \(x=-\frac{1009}{1010}\left(tm\right)\)
Vậy GTNN của B = \(\sqrt{8076}+2019\) đạt tại \(x=-\frac{1009}{1010}\)
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\Rightarrow P^2=\dfrac{x^2}{y}+\dfrac{y^2}{x}+2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(P^2=\left(\dfrac{x^2}{y}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xy}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y^2}{x}+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xy}\right)-2\sqrt{xy}\)
\(P^2\ge3x+3y-2\sqrt{xy}\ge3\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=2\left(x+y\right)=4038\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{4038}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=\dfrac{2019}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2019-x}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{y-2019}}=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{x}}\ge\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)^2}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}=\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\)
Lại có:
\(P=\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{2019-x}}+\dfrac{y}{\sqrt{2019-y}}=\dfrac{2019-y}{\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{2019-x}{\sqrt{x}}\\ =\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{y}}-\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\)
\(\Rightarrow2P=\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2019}{\sqrt{y}}=2019\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}}\right)\ge2019\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[4]{xy}}\\ \ge2019\dfrac{2}{\sqrt[2]{\dfrac{x+y}{2}}}=2019\cdot\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{\dfrac{2019}{2}}}=2\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\sqrt{2}\sqrt{2019}\)
Dấu = khi \(x=y=\dfrac{2019}{2}\)
Sửa đề: \(M=2019\sqrt{x-2}+2020\sqrt{10-y}\)
+Có: \(\sqrt{x-2}\ge với\forall x\\ \sqrt{10-y}\ge0với\forall x\\ \Rightarrow2019\sqrt{x-2}+2020\sqrt{10-y}\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow M\ge0\)
+Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi
\(\sqrt{x-2}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow x=2\)
\(\sqrt{10-y}=0\\ \Leftrightarrow y=10\)
+Vậy \(M_{min}=0\) khi \(x=2,y=10\)
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