Cho \(a,b,c\in R^+\)thõa mãn \(\frac{2}{b}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\).Tìm GTNN của biểu thức: \(P=\frac{a+b}{2a-b}+\frac{c+b}{2c-b}\).
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S
1 tháng 3 2020
\(\frac{2}{b}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\Rightarrow b=\frac{2ac}{a+c}\)
ta có: \(P=\frac{a+\frac{2ac}{a+c}}{2a-\frac{2ac}{a+c}}+\frac{c+\frac{2ac}{a+c}}{2c-\frac{2ac}{a+c}}=\frac{\frac{a^2+3ac}{a+c}}{\frac{2a^2}{a+c}}+\frac{\frac{c^2+3ac}{a+c}}{\frac{2c^2}{a+c}}\)
\(=\frac{a^2+3ac}{2a^2}+\frac{c^2+3ac}{2c^2}=1+\frac{3}{2}\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)\ge1+\frac{3}{2}\cdot2\sqrt{\frac{c}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{c}}=4\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c
23 tháng 12 2017
Ta có : \(p=\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ca}{b^2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM - GM ta có :
\(\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{b+c}{4bc}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a^2\left(b+c\right)}.\frac{b+c}{4ab}}=\frac{1}{a}\)
\(\frac{ac}{b^2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+c}{4ac}\ge4\sqrt{\frac{ac}{b^2\left(a+c\right)}.\frac{a+c}{4ac}}=\frac{1}{b}\)
\(\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{a+b}{4ab}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c^2\left(a+b\right)}.\frac{a+b}{4ab}}=\frac{1}{c}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được \(p+\frac{1}{4c}+\frac{1}{4a}+\frac{1}{4b}+\frac{1}{4a}+\frac{1}{4c}+\frac{1}{4b}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow p+\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2c}\ge\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\)
\(\Rightarrow p\ge\frac{1}{2a}+\frac{1}{2b}+\frac{1}{2c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{2a.2b.2c}}=\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{8abc}}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
N
19 tháng 8 2020
Xét: \(\frac{bc}{a^2b+ca^2}=\frac{bc}{a\cdot abc\cdot\frac{1}{c}+a\cdot abc\cdot\frac{1}{b}}=\frac{b^2c^2}{ab+ca}\)(*)
Tương tự với (*) ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{ca}{b^2c+ab^2}=\frac{c^2a^2}{ab+bc}\\\frac{ab}{c^2a+bc^2}=\frac{a^2b^2}{ca+bc}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{bc}{a^2b+ca^2}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b^2c^2}{ab+ca}\)
Ta thấy\(\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{b^2c^2}{ab+ca}\) có dạng: \(\frac{a^2}{b+c}+\frac{b^2}{c+a}+\frac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Bước cuối Cô-si ba số và kết hợp điều kiện abc=1 là xong
20 tháng 2 2019
Ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{2}{b}\Leftrightarrow b=\frac{2}{\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}}=\frac{2ac}{a+c}\)
Thế \(b=\frac{2ac}{a+c}\) vào M, ta được:
\(M=\frac{a+b}{2a-b}+\frac{c+b}{2c-b}=\frac{a+\frac{2ac}{a+c}}{2a-\frac{2ac}{a+c}}+\frac{c+\frac{2ac}{a+c}}{2c-\frac{2ac}{a+c}}=\frac{1+\frac{2c}{a+c}}{2-\frac{2c}{a+c}}+\frac{1+\frac{2a}{a+c}}{2-\frac{2a}{a+c}}\)
\(M=\frac{\left(a+c\right)+2c}{2\left(a+c\right)-2c}+\frac{\left(a+c\right)+2a}{2\left(a+c\right)-2a}=\frac{a+3c}{2a}+\frac{3a+c}{2c}\)
\(M+2=\frac{a+3c}{2a}+1+\frac{3a+c}{2c}+1=\frac{3a+3c}{2a}+\frac{3a+3c}{2c}=\frac{3}{2}\left(a+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
\(M+2=\frac{3}{2}\left(1+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+1\right)=\frac{3}{2}\left(2+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\)
Xét \(\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\ge2\Leftrightarrow...\)(bạn tự biến đổi tương đương để chứng minh nó nhé)
(ĐK xảy ra dấu "=": a=c)
Do đó \(M+2=\frac{3}{2}\left(1+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+1\right)=\frac{3}{2}\left(2+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{c}{a}\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(2+2\right)=6\Leftrightarrow M\ge4\)
Vậy GTNN của \(M=4\)khi \(a=c\Leftrightarrow\frac{2}{b}=\frac{2}{a}\Leftrightarrow b=a=c\)
Chúc bạn học tốt!
P/S: bài này khó thật đấy! Mình chuyên toán 9 mà giải hết nửa tiếng mới xong :D!
18 tháng 6 2018
\(P=\frac{a}{2b+2c-a}+\frac{b}{2c+2a-b}+\frac{c}{2a+2b-c}=\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}\)
vì a,b,c là 3 cạnh của 1 tam giác áp dụng bđt tam giác có:
\(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c>a\Rightarrow2b+2c>a\Rightarrow2ab+2ac>a^2\Rightarrow2ab+2ac-a^2>0\\c+a>b\Rightarrow2c+2a>b\Rightarrow2bc+2ab>b^2\Rightarrow2bc+2ab-b^2>0\\a+b>c\Rightarrow2a+2b>c\Rightarrow2ac+2bc>c^2\Rightarrow2ac+2bc-c^2>0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>0\)áp dụng bđt cauchy schawazt dạng enge ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>=\)
\(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2+2bc+2ab-b^2+2ac+2bc-c^2}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}\left(1\right)\)
vì \(a^2+b^2+c^2>=ab+ac+bc\Rightarrow4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)< =\)
\(4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(ab+ac+bc\right)\)mà \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)}>=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}\)(2)
\(=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{4ab+4ac+4bc-ab-ac-bc}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=\frac{a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}\)
\(>=\frac{ab+ac+bc+2ab+2ac+2bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=\frac{3ab+3ac+3bc}{3ab+3ac+3bc}=1\)(3)
từ (1)(2)(3)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^2}{2ab+2ac-a^2}+\frac{b^2}{2bc+2ab-b^2}+\frac{c^2}{2ac+2bc-c^2}>=1\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{a}{2b+2c-a}+\frac{b}{2c+2a-b}+\frac{c}{2a+2b-c}>=1\)
dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c
vậy min P là 1 khi a=b=c
30 tháng 4 2020
\(a^2b^2c^2+\left(a+1\right)\left(1+b\right)\left(1+c\right)\ge a+b+c+ab+bc+ca+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(abc\right)^2+abc-2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(abc+2\right)\left(abc-1\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow abc\ge1\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cosi ta có:
\(\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(2c+3a\right)}+\frac{b+2c}{45}+\frac{2c+3a}{75}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{a^3}{\left(b+2c\right)\left(2c+3b\right)}\cdot\frac{b+2c}{45}\cdot\frac{2c+3a}{75}}=\frac{a}{5}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{b^3}{\left(c+2a\right)\left(2a+3b\right)}+\frac{c+2a}{45}+\frac{2a+3b}{75}\ge\frac{b}{5}\left(2\right)\\\frac{c^3}{\left(a+2b\right)\left(2b+3c\right)}+\frac{a+2b}{45}+\frac{2b+3c}{75}\ge\frac{c}{5}\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
Từ (1)(2)(3) ta có:
\(P+\frac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{15}\ge\frac{a+b+c}{5}\Leftrightarrow P\ge\frac{1}{15}\left(a+b+c\right)\)
Mà \(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\Rightarrow S\ge\frac{1}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c=1
TN
23 tháng 8 2016
\(VT=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}\)
Ta tách VT=A+B và xét
\(A=\frac{3a}{1+b^2}+\frac{3b}{1+c^2}+\frac{3c}{1+a^2}=\text{∑}\left(3a-\frac{3ab^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\text{∑}\left(3a-\frac{3ab}{2}\right)\)
\(B=\frac{1}{1+b^2}+\frac{1}{1+c^2}+\frac{1}{1+a^2}=\text{∑}\left(1-\frac{b^2}{1+b^2}\right)\ge\text{∑}\left(1-\frac{b}{2}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=A+B=3+\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\text{∑}ab=\frac{5}{2}\left(a+b+c\right)-\frac{3}{2}\ge\frac{15}{2}-\frac{3}{2}=6\)
(Do \(a+b+c\ge\sqrt{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}=3\))
Dấu = khi a=b=c=1
ML
18 tháng 8 2016
\(3\left(2a^2+b^2\right)=\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(a^2+a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+a+b\right)^2=\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2a+b}+\frac{1}{2b+c}+\frac{1}{2c+a}\)
\(\frac{1}{2a+b}=\frac{1}{a+a+b}\le\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)=\frac{1}{9}\left(\frac{2}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)
\(gt\rightarrow7\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=6\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+2015\)
\(\Leftrightarrow7\left(x+y+z\right)^2=20\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+2015\)
Ta có: \(3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\le\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow7\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le\frac{20}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2015\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le2015\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z\le\sqrt{6045}\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{3}\left(x+y+z\right)\le\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\)hay \(a=b=c=\left(\frac{\sqrt{6045}}{3}\right)^{-1}\)
TA có \(\frac{2}{b}=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\)
=>\(\frac{2}{b}-\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{a}\)
=>\(\frac{1}{b}=\frac{1}{a}\)
=>\(a=b\)thay vào P:
\(P=\frac{a+b}{2a-b}+\frac{c+d}{2c-b}\)
=>\(P=\frac{2a}{a}+\frac{2c}{c}\)
=>\(P=4\)