cho a,b,c khác 0 thỏa \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\) chứng minh rằng \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
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Ta có a+b+c=0 => \(a+b=-c\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3=-c^3\Rightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)=3ab\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=0\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=0\)
\(a^6+b^6+c^6=\left(a^3\right)^2+\left(b^3\right)^2+\left(c^3\right)^2=\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)^2-2\left(a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3\right)\)
\(ab+bc+ca=0\Rightarrow a^3b^3+b^3c^3+c^3a^3=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Do đó: \(a^6+b^6+c^6=\left(3abc\right)^2-2\cdot3a^2b^2c^2=3a^2b^2c^2\)
Vậy \(\frac{a^6+b^6+c^6}{a^3+b^3+c^3}=\frac{3a^2b^2c^2}{3abc}=abc\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)^2=\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z=0\)
Ta có
\(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-xy-yz-zx\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
=> ĐPCM
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^3+1}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+1\right)\left(a^2-a+1\right)}}\ge\frac{2}{a+1+a^2-a+1}=\frac{2}{a^2+2}\)
Thiết lập tương tự: \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^3+1}}\ge\frac{2}{b^2+2}\) ; \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^3+1}}\ge\frac{2}{c^2+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{2}{a^2+2}+\frac{2}{b^2+2}+\frac{2}{c^2+2}=\frac{1}{\frac{a^2}{2}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{b^2}{2}+1}+\frac{1}{\frac{c^2}{2}+1}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow xyz=\frac{1}{8}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{x^2}{x^2+\frac{1}{2}}+\frac{y^2}{y^2+\frac{1}{2}}+\frac{z^2}{z^2+\frac{1}{2}}\ge\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2+\frac{3}{2}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{x^2+y^2+z^2+\frac{3}{2}}\ge\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+6.\sqrt[3]{\left(xyz\right)^2}}{x^2+y^2+z^2+\frac{3}{2}}=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2+\frac{3}{2}}{x^2+y^2+z^2+\frac{3}{2}}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{2}\) hay \(a=b=c=2\)
Thay a+b+c=2017 vào \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{2017}\) ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}=\frac{1}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}-\frac{1}{a+b+c}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{a+b+c-c}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}+\frac{a+b}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{1}{ab}+\frac{1}{c\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)=0\)\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(\frac{c\left(b+c\right)+ca+ab}{abc\left(a+b+c\right)}\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[c\left(b+c\right)+ca+ab\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left[c\left(b+c\right)+a\left(b+c\right)\right]=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(a+b=0\) hoặc \(b+c=0\) hoặc \(c+a=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(c=2017\)hoặc \(a=2017\) hoặc \(b=2017\left(đpcm\right)\)
"Chấm" nhẹ hóng cao nhân ạ :)
P/s: mong các bác giải theo cách lớp 8 ạ :) Tặng 5SP / 1 câu nhé ;)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a},\frac{1}{b},\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x,y,z\right)\)
=> x+y+z=0
Có \(x^3+y^3+z^3-3xyz\)
=\(\left(x+y\right)^3+z^3-3xy\left(x+y\right)-3xyz=\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2\right]-3xy\left(x+y+z\right)\)
=\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-z\left(x+y\right)+z^2-3xy\right]\)
=0( do x+y+z=0)
=> \(x^3+y^3+z^3=3xyz\)
<=> \(\frac{1}{a^3}+\frac{1}{b^3}+\frac{1}{c^3}=\frac{3}{abc}\)
họ bắt mình đi chứng minh x3+y3+z3=3xyz mà bạn vô đã ghi có x3+y3+z3=3xyz rồi