Cho a b c dương thỏa mãn a+b+c=3 CMR
\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{c+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{a+1}}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
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Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{a^2+b^2}=x\\\sqrt{b^2+c^2}=y\\\sqrt{c^2+a^2}=z\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x,y,z>0\\x+y+z=1\end{cases}}\)
Và \(\hept{\begin{cases}a^2=\frac{x^2+z^2-y^2}{2}\\b^2=\frac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{2}\\c^2=\frac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{2}\end{cases}}\) và \(\hept{\begin{cases}b+c\le\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}=\sqrt{2}y\\a+b\le\sqrt{2}x\\c+a\le\sqrt{2}z\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\frac{x^2+z^2-y^2}{y}+\frac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{2z}+\frac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{x}\right)\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(\frac{2\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{x+y+z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\left(x+y+z\right)=\frac{1}{2\sqrt{2}}\)
doan thi khanh linh câm cái mồm đi.đã ngu lại còn thích k
áp dụng co si ta có:
\(\frac{b+c}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{c+a}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{a+b}{\sqrt{c}}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{bc}}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{2\sqrt{ca}}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{c}}\)
\(=\left(\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{\sqrt{a}}+\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{\sqrt{b}}\right)+\left(\frac{\sqrt{ca}}{\sqrt{b}}+\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{c}}\right)+\left(\frac{\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{c}}+\frac{\sqrt{bc}}{\sqrt{a}}\right)\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{a}+2\sqrt{b}+2\sqrt{c}=\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)+\left(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\right)\)
\(\ge\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\sqrt[3]{\sqrt{abc}}=\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}+3\)
\(\Rightarrow Q.E.D\)
\(VT=\frac{4}{2.2\sqrt{a+b}}+\frac{4}{2.2\sqrt{b+c}}+\frac{4}{2.2\sqrt{c+a}}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{4}{a+b+4}+\frac{4}{b+c+4}+\frac{4}{c+a+4}\)
\(VT\ge\frac{36}{a+b+4+b+c+4+c+a+4}=\frac{36}{24}=\frac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=2\)
Trước hết ta chứng minh bất đẳng thức sau \(\sqrt{a^2+x^2}+\sqrt{b^2+y^2}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(x+y\right)^2}\)
Thật vậy, bất đẳng thức trên tương đương với \(\left(\sqrt{a^2+b^2}+\sqrt{x^2+y^2}\right)^2\ge\left(a+x\right)^2+\left(b+y\right)^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)}\ge2ax+2by\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)\ge\left(ax+by\right)^2\)
Bất đẳng thức cuối cùng là bất đẳng thức Bunyakovsky nên (*) đúng
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức trên ta có \(\sqrt{a^2+\frac{1}{b^2}}+\sqrt{b^2+\frac{1}{c^2}}+\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}+\sqrt{c^2+\frac{1}{a^2}}\)\(\ge\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2}\)
Ta cần chứng minh \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\ge\frac{153}{4}\)
Thật vậy, áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy và chú ý giả thiết \(a+b+c\le\frac{3}{2}\), ta được:\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)^2\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{81}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)\(=\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\frac{81}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{1215}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}\)\(\ge2\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)^2.\frac{81}{16\left(a+b+c\right)^2}}+\frac{1215}{16.\frac{9}{4}}=\frac{153}{4}\)
Bất đẳng thức đã được chứng minh
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(VT\ge\dfrac{a^2}{\sqrt{2\left(b^2+c^2\right)}}+\dfrac{b^2}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+c^2\right)}}+\dfrac{c^2}{\sqrt{2\left(a^2+b^2\right)}}\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{b^2+c^2};\sqrt{c^2+a^2};\sqrt{a^2+b^2}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2=\dfrac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{2}\\b^2=\dfrac{x^2+z^2-y^2}{2}\\c^2=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{y^2+z^2-x^2}{x}+\dfrac{z^2+x^2-y^2}{y}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2-z^2}{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{y^2+z^2}{x}+\dfrac{z^2+x^2}{y}+\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{\left(y+z\right)^2}{2x}+\dfrac{\left(z+x\right)^2}{2y}+\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2z}-\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(2\sqrt{2}VT\ge\dfrac{4\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2x+2y+2z}-\left(x+y+z\right)=x+y+z=\sqrt{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{2019}}{2\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{2019}{8}}\) (đpcm)
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{a};\frac{1}{b};\frac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\) thì x, y, z > 0; x + y + z = 1. Quy về: \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{yz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{zx}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}+\frac{1}{xy}}\ge\sqrt{\frac{1}{xyz}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{x}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{y}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{z}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{z+xy}\ge1+\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x}{\sqrt{x+yz}+\sqrt{yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt{y+zx}+\sqrt{zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt{z+xy}+\sqrt{xy}}\ge1\) (chuyển vế qua nhóm lại rồi liên hợp)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge1\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+\sqrt{yz}}\ge1\)
BĐT này đúng! Thật vậy:
\(VT\ge\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{\frac{\left(x+y\right)+\left(z+z\right)}{2}+\frac{\left(y+z\right)}{2}}=\Sigma_{cyc}\frac{x}{x+y+z}=\frac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}=1\)
Ta có đpcm. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)
Ta co:
\(\sqrt{2\left(b+1\right)}\le\frac{b+3}{2}\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\sqrt{2\left(b+1\right)}}\ge\frac{2a}{b+3}\)
Tuong tu:\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{2\left(c+1\right)}}\ge\frac{2b}{c+3};\frac{c}{\sqrt{2\left(a+1\right)}}\ge\frac{2c}{a+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\left(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{c+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{a+1}}\right)\ge2\left(\frac{a}{b+3}+\frac{b}{c+3}+\frac{c}{a+3}\right)\)
\(\frac{a}{b+3}+\frac{b}{c+3}+\frac{c}{a+3}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{ab+3a}+\frac{b^2}{bc+3b}+\frac{c^2}{ca+3c}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca+9}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}+9}=\frac{9}{\frac{9}{3}+9}=\frac{3}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(\frac{a}{b+3}+\frac{b}{c+3}+\frac{c}{a+3}\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
Hay \(\frac{a}{\sqrt{b+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{c+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{a+1}}\ge\frac{3\sqrt{2}}{2}\)
Dau '=' xay ra khi \(a=b=c=3\)