Tìm số tự nhiên a, b biết :
a + b = 162 và ƯCLN ( a, b ) = 18
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Gọi a=18k; b=18n
Ta có: a + b = 18k + 18n = 18(k+n)
=> 162 : 18 = k+n
=> 9 = k+n
Đến đây thì dễ rồi.
1/ Gọi c, d là thương của a, b khi chia cho 13. Ta có:
13c+13d=117 <=> 13(c+d)=117 => c+d=9. Có các TH:
+/ \(\hept{\begin{cases}c=1\\d=8\end{cases}}=>\hept{\begin{cases}a=13.1=13\\b=13.8=104\end{cases}}\)
+/ \(\hept{\begin{cases}c=2\\d=7\end{cases}}=>\hept{\begin{cases}a=13.2=26\\b=13.7=91\end{cases}}\)
+/ \(\hept{\begin{cases}c=3\\d=6\end{cases}}=>\hept{\begin{cases}a=13.3=39\\b=13.6=78\end{cases}}\)loại do 78 chia hết cho 39
+/ \(\hept{\begin{cases}c=4\\d=5\end{cases}}=>\hept{\begin{cases}a=13.4=52\\b=13.5=65\end{cases}}\)
ĐS: {a, b}={13,104}; {26,91}; {52;65}
Bài 2 làm tương tự
a) goi hai so la a ; b va a >b
vi UCLN(a,b)=18=>a=18k ; b=18q (trong do UCLN (k,q)=1 va k>q)
=>a+b=162
18k+18q =162
18(k+q)=162
k+q=9
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Vì ƯCLN(a,b)=18 => a=18k; b=18q (UCLN(q,k)=1;k>q)
=>a+b=162
18k+18q=162
18.(k+q)=162
=>k+q=9
Ta có bảng:
Vậy a,b={(18;144);(36;126);(54;108);(72;90)}
k > q mà sao trong bảng k < q