Chp x, y > 0 thỏa mãn x + y = 1. Chứng minh rằng: 3. (3x - 2)2 + \(\frac{8x}{y}\) ≥ 7
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\(VT=27x^2-36x+12+\frac{8x}{y}\)
\(=\frac{8x}{1-x}+18x\left(1-x\right)+45x^2-54x+12\)
\(\ge45x^2-54x+12+24x\)
\(=45x^2-30x+12=5\left(9x^2-6x+\frac{12}{5}\right)\)
\(=5\left[\left(3x-1\right)^2+\frac{7}{5}\right]\ge7\)
Dấu = khi \(x=\frac{1}{3};y=\frac{2}{3}\)
Đặt \(\left(\frac{1}{x};\frac{1}{y}\right)=\left(a;b\right)\Rightarrow ab+a+b=3\)
\(\Rightarrow ab+2\sqrt{ab}\le3\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{ab}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{ab}-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{ab}\le1\Rightarrow ab\le1\)
\(P=\frac{a}{\sqrt{3+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{3+b^2}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{ab+a+b+a^2}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{ab+a+b+b^2}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+1\right)}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+1\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{a+b}+\frac{b}{b+1}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{a}{a+1}+\frac{b}{b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{ab+a+ab+b}{ab+a+b+1}\right)=\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{ab+3}{4}\right)\)
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(1+\frac{1+3}{4}\right)=1\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(a=b=1\) hay \(x=y=1\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
dùng bđt phụ \(\frac{x^2}{a}+\frac{y^2}{b}\ge\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{a+b}\) với bđt Cô-si nhé
1)đề thiếu
2)\(\frac{x^2+y^2}{x-y}=\frac{\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+2xy}{x-y}\)\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)^2+2}{x-y}=x-y+\frac{2}{x-y}\)
\(x>y\Rightarrow x-y>0\).Áp dụng Bđt Côsi ta có:
\(\left(x-y\right)+\frac{2}{x-y}\ge2\sqrt{\left(x-y\right)\cdot\frac{2}{x-y}}=2\sqrt{2}\)
Đpcm
3)\(a+b\ge2\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-2\sqrt{ab}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{a}-\sqrt{b}\right)^2\ge0\)
Đpcm
Từ giả thiết:\(x+y+z=xyz\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{xy}+\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{zx}=1\)
Đặt \(\frac{1}{x}=a,\frac{1}{y}=b,\frac{1}{z}=c\)\(\Rightarrow ab+bc+ca=1\)
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+y^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+z^2}}\)\(=\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+x^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+y^2}}+\sqrt{\frac{1}{1+z^2}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{x}}{\frac{1}{x}+x}}+\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{y}}{\frac{1}{y}+y}}+\sqrt{\frac{\frac{1}{z}}{\frac{1}{z}+z}}\)\(=\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+\frac{1}{a}}}+\sqrt{\frac{b}{b+\frac{1}{b}}}+\sqrt{\frac{c}{c+\frac{1}{c}}}\)
\(=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\)
Đến đây:\(\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}}=\frac{a}{\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\frac{a}{a+b}.\frac{a}{a+c}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{a}{a+c}\right)\)
Tương tự:\(\frac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right);\frac{c}{\sqrt{c^2+1}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{c+a}+\frac{c}{c+b}\right)\)
Cộng 3 bất đẳng thức lại ta có điều phải chứng minh :))
Vì x,y,z là các số dương nên ta áp dụng BĐT Cauchy được :
\(\frac{x^3}{y^2}+y+y\ge3.\sqrt[3]{\frac{x^3}{y^2}.y.y}=3x\)
Tương tự : \(\frac{y^3}{z^2}+2z\ge3y\) ; \(\frac{z^3}{x^2}+2x\ge3z\)
Cộng theo vế được \(\frac{x^3}{y^2}+\frac{y^3}{z^2}+\frac{z^3}{x^2}+2\left(x+y+z\right)\ge3\left(x+y+z\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x^3}{y^2}+\frac{y^3}{z^2}+\frac{z^3}{x^2}\ge x+y+z\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM\(3\left(3x-2\right)^2+\frac{8x}{y}=3\left(9x^2-12x+4\right)+\frac{8x}{y}\)
\(=27x^2-36x+12+\frac{8x}{y}=27x^2-24x+12y+\frac{8x}{y}\)
\(=\left(24x^2+4y+\frac{16x}{3y}\right)+\left(3x^2+8y+\frac{8x}{3y}\right)-24x\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{24x^2.4y.\frac{16x}{3y}}+\left(3x^2+8y+\frac{8x}{3y}\right)-24x=3x^2+8y+\frac{8x}{3y}\)
\(=\left(3x^2+\frac{y}{2}+\frac{2x}{3y}\right)+\left(\frac{15}{2}y+\frac{2x}{y}\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{3x^2.\frac{y}{2}.\frac{2x}{3y}}+\left(\frac{15}{2}y+\frac{2x}{y}\right)=3x+\frac{15y}{2}+\frac{2x}{y}\)
\(=3x+\frac{15y}{2}+\frac{2x}{y}+2-2=3x+\frac{15y}{2}+\frac{2}{y}-2\)
\(=\left(3x+3y\right)+\left(\frac{9}{2}y+\frac{2}{y}\right)-2\ge3+2\sqrt{\frac{9y}{2}.\frac{2}{y}}-2=3+6-2=7\)
\("="\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{3};y=\frac{2}{3}\)