\(\sqrt[3]{3x^2-x+2012}-\sqrt[3]{3x^2-6x-2013}-\sqrt[3]{5x-2014}=\sqrt[3]{2013}\)
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Sửa đề:
\(\sqrt[3]{3x^2-x+2012}-\sqrt[3]{3x^2-6x+2013}-\sqrt[5]{5x-2014}=\sqrt[3]{2013}\)
Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{3x^2-x+2012}=a;\sqrt[3]{3x^2-6x+2013}=b;\sqrt[5]{5x-2014}=c\)
\(\Rightarrow a-b-c=\sqrt[3]{2013}\)
Ta lại có:
\(a^3-b^3-c^3=2013=\left(a-b-c\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b+c\right)=0\)
Làm nốt
\(x=\dfrac{\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}\left(\sqrt{\sqrt{5}+2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{5}-2}\right)}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)}}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)^2}\)
\(x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}-2}{\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}}-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}}-\left(\sqrt{2}-1\right)\)
\(x=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)^2}}-\sqrt{2}+1=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)}{\sqrt{5}-1}-\sqrt{2}+1=1\)
\(\Rightarrow x^{2012}+2x^{2013}+3x^{2014}=1^{2012}+2.1^{2013}+3.1^{2014}=6\)
b) \(\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)+5=3x+2\left(\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}-6\right)+12-16\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x+3}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)=3\left(x-3\right)+2\left(\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}-6\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2\left(x-3\right)}{\sqrt{2x+3}+3}+\frac{x-3}{\sqrt{x+1}+2}-3\left(x-3\right)-\frac{2\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+11\right)}{\sqrt{2x^2+5x+3}+6}=0\Leftrightarrow x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3.\)
c/ ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}+\sqrt{x-3}-\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)}-\sqrt{x-2}\right)-\left(\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)}-\sqrt{x+3}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)-\sqrt{x+3}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x+3}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}-\sqrt{x+3}=0\\\sqrt{x-1}-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-2}=\sqrt{x+3}\\\sqrt{x-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-2=x+3\left(vn\right)\\x=2< 3\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy pt đã cho vô nghiệm
Điều kiện: \(x\ge2012;y\ge2013;z\ge2014\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy, ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2012}-1}{x-2012}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(x-2012\right)}-2}{2\left(x-2012\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+x-2012}{2}-2}{2\left(x-2012\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2013}-1}{y-2013}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(y-2013\right)}-2}{2\left(y-2013\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+y-2013}{2}-2}{2\left(y-2013\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\\\dfrac{\sqrt{z-2014}-1}{z-2014}=\dfrac{\sqrt{4\left(z-2014\right)}-2}{2\left(z-2014\right)}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{4+z-2014}{2}-2}{2\left(z-2014\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Cộng vế theo vế, ta được:
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x-2012}-1}{x-2012}+\dfrac{\sqrt{y-2013}-1}{y-2013}+\dfrac{\sqrt{z-2014}-1}{z-2014}\le\dfrac{3}{4}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(x=2016;y=2017;z=2018\)
Vậy....