cho cac so thuc duing x,y thoa man x+y<=3.Tim GTNN cua bieu thuc : P=1/5xy + 5/x+2y+5
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\(P=\frac{x+y}{xyz}=\frac{x}{xyz}+\frac{y}{xyz}=\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}\)
Áp dụng Bunyakovsky dạng phân thức : \(\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}\ge\frac{4}{z\left(x+y\right)}\)(1)
Ta có : \(\sqrt{z\left(x+y\right)}\le\frac{x+y+z}{2}\)( theo AM-GM )
=> \(z\left(x+y\right)\le\left(\frac{x+y+z}{2}\right)^2=\left(\frac{6}{2}\right)^2=9\)
=> \(\frac{1}{z\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{1}{9}\)=> \(\frac{4}{z\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{4}{9}\)(2)
Từ (1) và (2) => \(P=\frac{x+y}{xyz}=\frac{1}{yz}+\frac{1}{xz}\ge\frac{4}{z\left(x+y\right)}\ge\frac{4}{9}\)
=> P ≥ 4/9
Vậy MinP = 4/9, đạt được khi x = y = 3/2 ; z = 3
\(M=\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
\(M=\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{4}{16y}+\frac{16}{16z}\)
\(M=\frac{1^2}{16x}+\frac{2^2}{16y}+\frac{4^2}{16z}\)
\(M\ge\frac{\left(1+2+4\right)^2}{16\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\frac{49}{16}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{16x}=\frac{2}{16y}=\frac{4}{16z}=\frac{1+2+4}{16\left(x+y+z\right)}=\frac{7}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=\frac{1}{7}\\y=\frac{2}{7}\\z=\frac{4}{7}\end{cases}}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge3\sqrt[3]{xyz}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{27}\ge xyz\)
Ta có \(M=\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{z}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy - Schwarz
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{64xyz}}\)( 1 )
Xét \(3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{64xyz}}\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{27}\ge xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{64}{27}\ge64xyz\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{27}{64}\le\frac{1}{64xyz}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{9}{4}\le3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{64xyz}}\)( 2 )
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{16x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{64xyz}}\ge\frac{9}{4}\)
Vậy \(M_{min}=\frac{9}{4}\)
ap dung bunhiacopki
\(\left(x^4+1\right)\left(y^4+1\right)>=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2>=\left[\frac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\right]^2=4\)
do do P>=4+2013=2017
= xảy ra <=>x=y=1
\(P=\frac{1}{5xy}+\frac{xy}{20}+\frac{5}{x+2y+5}+\frac{x+2y+5}{20}-\frac{xy}{20}-\frac{x+2y+5}{20}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{1}{5xy}.\frac{xy}{20}}+2.\sqrt{\frac{5}{x+2y+5}.\frac{x+2y+5}{20}}-\frac{x\left(3-x\right)+x+2\left(3-x\right)+5}{20}\)
\(=2.\frac{1}{10}+2.\frac{1}{2}-\frac{-x^2+2x+11}{20}\)
\(=\frac{x^2-2x+1}{20}+\frac{3}{5}=\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{20}+\frac{3}{5}\ge\frac{3}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{5xy}=\frac{xy}{20}\\\frac{5}{x+2y+5}=\frac{x+2y+5}{20}\\\left(x-1\right)^2=0,x+y=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}xy=2\\x+2y+5=10\\x=1,x+y=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=1,y=2\)
Vậy min P=3/5 khi x=1, y=2
Em co cach nay ngan gon hon, cac ban co the tham khao
P=\(\frac{1}{5xy}\) + \(\frac{5}{x+2y+5}\)=\(\frac{1}{5xy}\)+\(\frac{25}{5\left(x+2y+5\right)}\)
= \(\frac{1^2}{5xy}\)+\(\frac{5^2}{5\left(x+2y+5\right)}\)
\(\geq\) \(\frac{\left(1+5\right)^{^2}}{5xy+5\left(x+2y+5\right)}\)
=\(\frac{36}{5\left(xy+x+2y+2+3\right)}\)
=\(\frac{36}{5\left(\left(x+2\right)\left(y+1\right)+3\right)}\)
=\(\frac{36}{5\left(\frac{\left(x+y+3\right)^2}{4}+3\right)}\) (do \((x+2)(y+1) \leq \frac {(x+y+3)^2}{4}\) )
=\(\frac{36}{5\left(\frac{\left(3+3\right)^2}{4}+3\right)}\) (do \(x+y \leq 3\) )
=\(\frac{3}{5}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{5xy}=\frac{1}{x+2y+5}\\x+2=y+1\\x+y=3\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow x=2,y=1\)
Vậy GTNN của P là 3/5 khi và chỉ khi x=2,y=1