CMR nếu \(a +b+c\ge\frac{3}{2}\) thì
\(a^4+b^4+c^4\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a^3+b^3 +c^3\right)\)
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Ta có: \(\frac{1}{2abc}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{2}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{4}{4abc\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2abc}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{3}{\sqrt[3]{\left(ab+bc\right)\left(bc+ca\right)\left(ca+ab\right)}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2abc}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}+\frac{1}{2}\ge\frac{3}{\frac{\left(ab+bc\right)+\left(bc+ca\right)+\left(ca+ab\right)}{3}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{2abc}+\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\ge\frac{9}{2\left(ab+ac+bc\right)}-\frac{1}{2}=1\)
Ta lại có: \(3=ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\frac{1}{abc}\ge1\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2abc}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
Câu 2)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+1+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+2}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\ge4\left(ab+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge4ab+8\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge4ab\)
Do \(a+b=1\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (đpcm )
Câu 3)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Mà \(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\sqrt[3]{abc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\) (điều này luôn luôn đúng)
\(\Rightarrow\) ĐPCM
\(\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)+abc\)
\(=abc+a^2b+ab^2+a^2c+ac^2+b^2c+bc^2+abc+abc\)
\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)( phân tích nhân tử các kiểu )
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\left(1\right)\)
\(a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc};ab+bc+ca\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^2b^2c^2}\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\ge9abc\)
\(\Rightarrow-abc\ge\frac{-\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
Khi đó:\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-abc\)
\(\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\)
\(=\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{9}\left(2\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) có đpcm
c) Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-schwars ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{b}+\frac{b^2}{c}+\frac{c^2}{a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+b\right)^2}{a+b+c}=a+b+c\)
đpcm
a) \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
<=> \(a^4+b^4\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
Ta có: \(a^4+b^4\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2}{2}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{2}.\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\) với mọi a, b
Vậy \(2\left(a^4+b^4\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+b^3\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b
b) \(3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)(1)
<=> \(2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge ab^3+ac^3+ba^3+bc^3+ca^3+cb^3\)
<=> \(\left(a^4+b^4\right)+\left(b^4+c^4\right)+\left(c^4+a^4\right)\ge ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)+bc\left(b^2+c^2\right)+ac\left(a^2+c^2\right)\) đúng áp dụng câu a
Vậy (1) đúng
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c.
Câu 1: a)
b) Áp dụng Bđt Holder ta có:
\(\Rightarrow9\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)^3\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{3}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^3}{27}=\left(\frac{a+b+c}{3}\right)^3\)(đpcm)
Dấu = khi a=b=c
Câu 2:
Áp dụng Bđt \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{a+b+1+1}=\frac{4}{3}\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Câu 3:
Áp dụng Bđt \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\)ta có:
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}=9\left(a+b+c=1\right)\)(Đpcm)
Dấu = khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Câu 4: nghĩ sau
Ta có : \(a^4+b^4\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}\ge\frac{2ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)}{2}=ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4\ge a^3b+ab^3\)
Tương tự \(b^4+c^4\ge b^3c+bc^3\)
\(c^4+a^4\ge a^3c+ac^3\)
Cộng hết vào ta đc
\(2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge a^3b+ab^3+b^3c+bc^3+a^3c+ac^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge a^4+b^4+c^4+a^3b+ab^3+b^3c+bc^3+a^3c+ac^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(a^3+b^3+c^3\right)\)
=> Đpcm
Bài này có lẽ sos là ra ạ! :D Nhưng mà em không chắc chỗ ký hiệu tổng ấy ạ,em không chắc là nên đặt \(\Sigma_{sym}\text{hay là }\Sigma_{cyc}\) trong bài này. Mong chị thông cảm cho ạ!
BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\ge a^4+b^4+c^4+a^3b+ab^3+b^3c+bc^3+c^3a+ca^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)-a^3b-ab^3-b^3c-bc^3-c^3a-ca^3\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a^4-a^3b-ab^3+b^4\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a^3\left(a-b\right)-b^3\left(a-b\right)\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\Sigma_{cyc}\left(a^2+ab+b^2\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)
Ta có Q.E.D. Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1/2