Chứng minh các đẳng thức sau:
a) (a – b)^3 = -(b – a)^3
b) (-a – b)^2 = (a + b)^2
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a) Ta có: \(\dfrac{3a^2-10a+3}{2\left(a-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3a^2-9a-a+3}{2\left(a-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3a\left(a-3\right)-\left(a-3\right)}{2\left(a-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a-3\right)\left(3a-1\right)}{2\left(a-3\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{3a-1}{2}\)
\(=\dfrac{3}{2}a-\dfrac{1}{2}\)(đpcm)
b) Ta có: \(\dfrac{b^2+3b+9}{b^3-27}\)\(=\dfrac{b^2+3b+9}{\left(b-3\right)\left(b^2+3b+9\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{b-3}\)
\(=\dfrac{b-2}{\left(b-3\right)\left(b-2\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{b-2}{b^2-5b+6}\)(đpcm)
\(a,VT=\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(c^2+d^2\right)=a^2c^2+b^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2d^2\)
\(VP=\left(ac+bd\right)^2+\left(ad-bc\right)^2=a^2c^2+2abcd+b^2d^2+a^2d^2-2abcd+b^2c^2=a^2c^2+b^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2d^2\)
\(\Rightarrow VT=a^2c^2+b^2c^2+a^2d^2+b^2d^2=VP\left(đpcm\right)\)
b, Tham khảo:Chứng minh hằng đẳng thức:(a+b+c)3= a3 + b3 + c3 + 3(a+b)(b+c)(c+a) - Hoc24
a) Ta có:
\(VT=\left(a-b\right)^2\)
\(=a^2-2\cdot a\cdot b+b^2\)
\(=a^2-2ab+b^2\)
\(=a^2-4ab+2ab+b^2\)
\(=\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)-4ab\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^2-4ab=VP\)
⇒ Đpcm
b) Ta có:
\(VT=\left(x+y\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=x^2+2\cdot x\cdot y+y^2+x^2-2\cdot x\cdot y+y^2\)
\(=x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+x^2\right)+\left(2xy-2xy\right)+\left(y^2+y^2\right)\)
\(=2x^2+0+2y^2\)
\(=2x^2+2y^2\)
\(=2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=VP\)
⇒ Đpcm
a: (a-b)^2
=a^2-2ab+b^2
=a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab
=(a+b)^2-4ab
b: (x+y)^2+(x-y)^2
=x^2+2xy+y^2+x^2-2xy+y^2
=2x^2+2y^2
=2(x^2+y^2)
a, \(\dfrac{a^2+2ab+b^2}{4}\ge ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)a^2+2ab+b^2>=4ab
\(\Leftrightarrow\)a^2-2ab+b^2>=0
\(\Leftrightarrow\)(a-b)^2>=0 (luôn đúng)
b,\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)\ge2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)
\(a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2\ge0\)
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\) luôn đúng
a) a > b
⇒ 2a > 2b (nhân hai vế với 2 > 0)
⇒ 2a - 3 > 2b - 3 (cộng hai vế với -3)
b) a < b
⇒ -3a > -3b (nhân hai vế với -3 < 0)
⇒ -3a + 2 > -3b + 2 (1) (cộng hai vế với 2)
5 > 2
⇒ -3a + 5 > -3a + 2 (2) (cộng hai vế với -3a)
Từ (1) và (2) ⇒ -3a + 5 > -3b + 2
a) \(\sqrt[3]{a^3b}=\sqrt[3]{a^3}\sqrt[3]{b}=a\sqrt[3]{b}\)
b) \(\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{a}{b^2}}=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{ab}{b^3}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{ab}}{\sqrt[3]{b^3}}=\dfrac{1}{b}\sqrt[3]{ab}\)
a) Sửa đề :
\(x^4=a^4+4a^3b+6a^2b^2+4ab^3+b^4\)
\(x^4=\left(a^4+3a^3b+3a^2b^2+ab^3\right)+\left(a^3b+3a^2b^2+3ab^3+b^4\right)\)
\(x^4=a\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+b\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a^3+2a^2b+ab^2\right)+\left(a^2b+2ab^2+b^3\right)\right]\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+b\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\right]\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a+2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(x^4=\left(a+b\right)^4\)
b) Sửa đề:
\(x^5=a^5+5a^4b+10a^3b^2+10a^2b^3+5ab^4+b^5\)
\(x^5=\left(a^5+4a^4b+6a^3b^2+4a^2b^3+ab^4\right)+\left(a^4b+4a^3b^2+6a^2b+4ab^4+b^5\right)\)
\(x^5=a\left(a^4+4a^3b+6a^2b^2+4ab^3+b^4\right)+b\left(a^4+4a^3b+6a^2b^2+4ab^3+b^4\right)\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^4+4a^3b+6a^2b^2+4ab^3+b^4\right)\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)\left[\left(a^4+3a^3b+3a^2b^2+ab^3\right)+\left(a^3b+3a^2b^2++3ab^3+b^4\right)\right]\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)\left[a\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+b\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\right]\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^2\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^2\left[\left(a^3+2a^2b+ab^2\right)+\left(a^2b+2ab^2+b^3\right)\right]\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^2\left[a\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)+b\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\right]\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^3\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(x^5=\left(a+b\right)^5\)
Bạn có thể tự tóm tắt lại
a) Sử dụng tính chất hai số đối nhau:
(a – b)3 = [(–1)(b – a)]3 =(–1)3(b – a)3 = –1.(b – a)3 = –(b – a)3 (đpcm)
b) (–a – b)2 = [(– 1).(a + b)]2 = (–1)2(a + b)2 = 1.(a + b)2 = (a + b)2 (đpcm)
Học tốt !
a, ( a - b )3
= [( - 1 ) ( b - a )]3
=( - 1 )3 ( b - a ) 3
= - 1 . ( b - a ) 3
= - ( b - a ) 3 ( đpcm )
b , ( - a - b ) 2
= [ ( - 1 ) . ( a + b ) ]
= ( - 1 ) 2 ( a + b ) 2
= 1 . ( a + b ) 2
= ( a + b ) 2 ( đpcm )