Cho a+b+c=2017 (a,b,c>0). Tìm Max A= \(\frac{ab}{\sqrt{2017c+ab}}+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{2017a+bc}}+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{2017b+ca}}\)
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Có vài cách giải nhưng mình thấy cách này nhanh và đẹp ne.
\(\sqrt{2017a+bc}=\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)a+bc}=\sqrt{a^2+ab+bc+ca}=\sqrt{\left(a+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}\le\sqrt{ac}+\sqrt{ab}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{2017a+bc}}\le\frac{a}{a+\sqrt{ab}+\sqrt{bc}}=\frac{\sqrt{a}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}\)
Tương tự rồi cộng lại, ta được:
\(P\le\frac{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}{\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}}=1\)
Dấu "=" khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2017}{3}\)
Ta có \(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(c+b\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{c+a}+\frac{b}{a+b}\right)\)
Khi đó \(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+b}+\frac{b}{a+b}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{c}{a+c}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{b+c}+\frac{c}{b+c}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
\(MaxP=\frac{3}{2}\)khi a=b=c=1/3
Ta có \(c+ab=\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab=ab+bc+c^2-ab=\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\)
Tương tự có \(a+bc=\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)\)
\(b+ca=\left(b+c\right)\left(a+b\right)\)
Khi đó : \(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có
\(\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a}{a+c}+\frac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{bc}{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{b}{b+a}+\frac{c}{c+a}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\frac{ca}{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{c}{c+b}+\frac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
Cộng theo vế các bất đẳng thức cùng chiều
\(P\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{a+c}{a+c}+\frac{b+c}{b+c}+\frac{b+a}{b+a}\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Vậy \(Max_P=\frac{3}{2}\)khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Ta có: \(P=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+2a}}+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+2b}}\)
\(P=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{bc+\left(a+b+c\right)a}}+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{ca+\left(a+b+c\right)b}}\)
\(P=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}+\frac{bc}{\sqrt{\left(b+a\right)\left(c+a\right)}}+\frac{ca}{\sqrt{\left(c+b\right)\left(a+b\right)}}\)
\(P=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)}.\frac{ab}{\left(b+c\right)}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{b+a}.\frac{bc}{c+a}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{c+b}.\frac{ca}{a+b}}\le\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{bc}{b+a}+\frac{bc}{c+a}+\frac{ca}{c+b}+\frac{ca}{a+b}\right)=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)}{2}=1\)
Vậy Max P=1 khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2}{3}\)
\(P=\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+2c}}=\Sigma\dfrac{ab}{\sqrt{ab+\left(a+b+c\right)c}}=\Sigma\dfrac{\sqrt{ab}.\sqrt{ab}}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}.\Sigma\left(\dfrac{ab}{a+c}+\dfrac{ab}{b+c}\right)\) \(=\dfrac{1}{2}.\left(a+b+c\right)=1\)
+) Bài bất đẳng thức:
\(\dfrac{2017a-a^2}{bc}=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)a-a^2}{bc}=\dfrac{ab+ca}{bc}=\dfrac{a}{c}+\dfrac{a}{b}\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2017b-b^2}{ca}=\dfrac{b}{a}+\dfrac{b}{c}\left(2\right)\\\dfrac{2017c-c^2}{ab}=\dfrac{c}{a}+\dfrac{c}{b}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)+\left(2\right)+\left(3\right)\Rightarrow\dfrac{2017a-a^2}{bc}+\dfrac{2017b-b^2}{bc}+\dfrac{2017c-c^2}{ab}=\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\)
\(\sqrt{2}\left(\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{2017-a}{a}}\right)=\sqrt{2}\left(\sum\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)-a}{a}}\right)=\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+a}{b}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{2}}\right)\)
Bất đẳng thức cần chứng minh tương đương với:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{\dfrac{a+b}{c}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{c+a}{b}}\right)\)
*Có: \(\sqrt{2.\dfrac{a+b}{c}}+\sqrt{2.\dfrac{b+c}{a}}+\sqrt{2.\dfrac{c+a}{b}}\le\dfrac{2+\dfrac{a+b}{c}}{2}+\dfrac{2+\dfrac{b+c}{a}}{2}+\dfrac{2+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}=3+\dfrac{\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}\)
Ta chỉ cần chứng minh:
\(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge3+\dfrac{\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}}{2}\)
hay \(\dfrac{a+b}{c}+\dfrac{b+c}{a}+\dfrac{c+a}{b}\ge6\) (cái này chị tự chứng minh nhé)
Cho a+b+c=1. Tìm GTLN của
\(A=\sqrt{\frac{ab}{c+ab}}+\sqrt{\frac{bc}{a+bc}}+\sqrt{\frac{ca}{b+ca}}\)
Cần thêm điều kiện a;b;c dương
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c+ab}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{c\left(a+b+c\right)+ab}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{ab}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\sqrt{\dfrac{bc}{a+bc}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\right)\) ; \(\sqrt{\dfrac{ca}{b+ac}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+b}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(A\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{a}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{a+b}+\dfrac{b}{b+c}+\dfrac{c}{b+c}+\dfrac{a}{a+c}+\dfrac{c}{a+c}\right)=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{ab}{\sqrt{2017c+ab}}=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab}}\)
\(=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{a\left(b+c\right)+c\left(b+c\right)}}=\frac{ab}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\)
Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM (cô si): \(ab.\frac{1}{\sqrt{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}}\le\frac{ab}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a+c}+\frac{1}{b+c}\right)=\frac{ab}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ab}{2\left(b+c\right)}\)
Tương tự với hai BĐT còn lại và cộng theo vế,ta được:
\(A\le\frac{ab}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ab}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{bc}{2\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{bc}{2\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{ca}{2\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{ca}{2\left(a+b\right)}\)
Thu gọn lại bằng cách cộng những phân thức cùng mẫu và rút gọn phân thức,ta được:
\(A\le\frac{a+b+c}{2}=\frac{2017}{2}\).
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\frac{2017}{3}\)
Vậy...