Question

[tth_new]

Chứng minh rằng: \(M=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{2}{3^3}+\frac{3}{3^4}+...+\frac{10}{3^{11}}< \frac{1}{4}\)

Answer 1

[Lê Tài Bảo Châu]

\(M=\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{2}{3^3}+\frac{3}{3^4}+...+\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)

\(\Rightarrow3M=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+...+\frac{10}{3^{10}}\)

\(\Rightarrow3M-M=\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+...+\frac{10}{3^{10}}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3^2}+\frac{2}{3^3}+...+\frac{10}{3^{11}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2M=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{10}}-\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)

Đặt \(A=\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{10}}\)

\(\Rightarrow3A=1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^9}\)

\(\Rightarrow3A-A=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{3^9}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{10}}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow2A=1-\frac{1}{3^{10}}< 1\)

\(\Rightarrow2A< 1\)

\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow2M< \frac{1}{2}-\frac{10}{3^{11}}\)

\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{\frac{1}{2}-\frac{10}{3^{11}}}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{2.3^{11}}< \frac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow M< \frac{1}{4}\left(đpcm\right)\)