Cho \(M = (1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...++\frac{1}{2018}).2 .3 .4. ... .2018\)
Chứng minh : M chia hết cho 2019
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S
7 tháng 7 2018
Ta có: \(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}=\left(1+\frac{1}{2018}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2017}\right)+...+\left(\frac{1}{1009}+\frac{1}{1010}\right)\)
\(=\frac{2019}{1.2018}+\frac{2019}{2.2017}+...+\frac{2019}{1009.1010}\)
\(=2019\left(\frac{1}{1.2018}+\frac{1}{2.2017}+...+\frac{1}{1009.1010}\right)\)
Do đó \(A=1.2.3....2018.2019\left(\frac{1}{1.2018}+\frac{1}{2.2017}+...+\frac{1}{1009.1010}\right)⋮2019\) (đpcm)
2T
14 tháng 8 2019
\(D=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{3}{4^3}+\frac{4}{4^4}+...+\frac{2018}{4^{2018}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4D=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{2018}{4^{2017}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4D-D=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+\frac{4}{4^3}+...+\frac{2018}{4^{2017}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2018}}\)
\(-\frac{1}{4}-\frac{2}{4^2}-\frac{3}{4^3}-\frac{4}{4^4}-...-\frac{2018}{4^{2018}}-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=1+\left(\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2018}}\right)-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
Đặt \(M=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+\frac{1}{4^4}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4M=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2017}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4M-M=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+...+\frac{1}{4^{2017}}\)
\(-\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4^2}-\frac{1}{4^3}-\frac{1}{4^4}-...-\frac{1}{4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3M=1-\frac{1}{4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow M=\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2018}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=1+\frac{1}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2018}}-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow3D=\frac{4}{3}-\frac{1}{3.4^{2018}}-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}< \frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow D< \frac{4}{9}=\frac{40}{90}< \frac{45}{90}=\frac{1}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
NT
0
Y
18 tháng 4 2019
\(5A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{2}{5^2}+\frac{3}{5^3}+...+\frac{99}{5^{99}}\)
\(A=\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{2}{5^3}+\frac{3}{5^4}+...+\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A=5A-A=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+\frac{1}{5^3}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}-\frac{99}{5^{100}}\)
Đặt \(B=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
Khi đó \(4A=B-\frac{99}{5^{100}}< B\)
\(5B=1+\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}\)
\(B=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{1}{5^2}+...+\frac{1}{5^{98}}+\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow4B=5B-B=1-\frac{1}{5^{99}}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=\frac{1}{4}-\frac{1}{4\cdot5^{99}}< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow4A < B\Rightarrow4A< \frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow A< \frac{1}{16}\) ( đpcm )
Y
18 tháng 4 2019
2. \(M=\left(1+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(M=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2018}+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-2\left(\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{4}+...+\frac{1}{2018}\right)\)
\(M=\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\right)-\left(1+\frac{1}{2}+...+\frac{1}{1009}\right)\)
\(M=\frac{1}{1010}+\frac{1}{1011}+...+\frac{1}{2019}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(M-N\right)^3=0\)
Y
16 tháng 6 2019
\(\frac{a^4}{2018}+\frac{b^4}{2019}=\frac{1}{4037}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2019a^4+2018b^4}{2018\cdot2019}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{2018+2019}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2018+2019\right)\left(2019a^4+2018b^4\right)=2018\cdot2019\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2019^2\cdot a^4+2018^2\cdot b^4+2018\cdot2019\cdot a^4+2018\cdot2019b^4=2018\cdot2019\cdot a^2+2018\cdot2019\cdot b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2019^2\cdot a^4+2018^2\cdot b^4=2018\cdot2019\cdot a^2\left(1-a^2\right)+2018\cdot2019\cdot b^2\left(1-b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2019a^2\right)^2+\left(2018b^2\right)^2=2\cdot2018\cdot2019\cdot a^2\cdot b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2019a^2-2018b^2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2019a^2=2018b^2\Leftrightarrow\frac{a^2}{2018}=\frac{b^2}{2019}=\frac{a^2+b^2}{2018+2019}=\frac{1}{4037}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a^{2018}}{2018^{10009}}=\frac{b^{2018}}{2019^{1009}}=\frac{1}{4037^{1009}}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\frac{2}{4037^{1009}}\)
AH
Akai Haruma
Giáo viên
23 tháng 2 2020
Lời giải:
$D=\frac{1}{4}+\frac{2}{4^2}+\frac{3}{4^3}+......+\frac{2018}{4^{2018}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}$
$4D=1+\frac{2}{4}+\frac{3}{4^2}+....+\frac{2018}{4^{2017}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2018}}$
Trừ theo vế:
\(3D=1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+\frac{1}{4^3}+....+\frac{1}{4^{2018}}-\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 12D=4+1+\frac{1}{4}+\frac{1}{4^2}+....+\frac{1}{4^{2017}}-\frac{2019}{4^{2018}}\)
Trừ theo vế:
$9D=4-\frac{2019}{4^{2018}}+\frac{2019}{4^{2019}}-\frac{1}{4^{2018}}$
$=4-\frac{6061}{4^{2019}}< 4$
$\Rightarrow D< \frac{4}{9}<\frac{4}{8}$ hay $D< \frac{1}{2}$ (đpcm)
M=[ 1+1/2018 +1/2 +1/2017 +1/3 +1/2016 +........+1/1009 +1/1010] .2.3.4...2018
M=[2019/2018 =2019/2.2017 +2019/3.2016 +....+2019/1009.1010].2.3.....2018
M.=2019.[1/2018 +1/2.2017 +.....+1/1009.1010] .2.3....2018 chia het cho 2019
suy ra M chia het cho2019
vay M chia het cho2019