\(x^3+y^3\ge x^2y+xy^2\)
CMR vs moi số thực k âm x,y
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Ta có:
\(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-2xy\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2-xy\ge xy\)
\(\text{Do: }x\ge0;y\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y\ge0\)
Ta có:
\(\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)\ge\left(x+y\right)xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+y^2\ge x^2y+xy^2\left(đ\text{pcm}\right)\)
mk bổ sung thêm đề nhé: x,y > 0
cách khác:
\(x^3+y^3\ge x^2y+xy^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^3+y^3-x^2y-xy^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2\left(x-y\right)-y^2\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\ge0\) luôn đúng do (x-y)2 >= 0; x+y > 0 (x,y>0)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x=y\)
Đặt \(x^2+y^2=a;xy=b\) \(\Rightarrow a-b=1\Leftrightarrow b=a-1\)
Từ giả thiết:\(x^2+y^2-xy=1\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=2\ge x^2+y^2\)
Và \(2x^2+2y^2=2xy+2\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2\right)=\left(x+y\right)^2+2\ge2\)\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
Suy ra:\(\frac{2}{3}\le a\le2\)
Ta có:\(x^4+y^4-x^2y^2=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-3x^2y^2=a^2-3b^2=-2a^2+6a-3\)
Đến đây vẽ bảng biến thiên ra :))
Giải:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2\ge2xy+2yz+2xz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2y^2+2z^2-2xy-2yz-2xz\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-2xy+y^2\right)+\left(x^2-2xz+z^2\right)+\left(y^2-2yz+z^2\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(x-z\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng với mọi x, y, z)
Vậy ...
\(3=x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\)
\(\Rightarrow xyz\le1\)
\(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{y^2}+\sqrt[3]{z^2}\le\frac{x^2+1+1}{3}+\frac{y^2+1+1}{3}+\frac{z^2+1+1}{3}=3\)
Ta co:
\(A=\frac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt[3]{xz}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy}}=\frac{x\sqrt[3]{x}}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}+\frac{y\sqrt[3]{y}}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}+\frac{z\sqrt[3]{z}}{\sqrt[3]{xyz}}\)
\(\ge x\sqrt[3]{x}+y\sqrt[3]{y}+z\sqrt[3]{z}\)
\(\Rightarrow3A\ge3\left(x\sqrt[3]{x}+y\sqrt[3]{y}+z\sqrt[3]{z}\right)\ge\left(x\sqrt[3]{x}+y\sqrt[3]{y}+z\sqrt[3]{z}\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{y^2}+\sqrt[3]{z^2}\right)\)
\(\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\ge3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow A\ge xy+yz+zx\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz, ta có: \(3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=\left(1^2+1^2+1^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge\left(x+y+z\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\le\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}=3=x^2+y^2+z^2\)(Do \(x^2+y^2+z^2=3\))
Ta có: \(\frac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt[3]{zx}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy}}=\frac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz.1}}+\frac{y}{\sqrt[3]{zx.1}}+\frac{z}{\sqrt[3]{xy.1}}\)
\(\ge\frac{x}{\frac{y+z+1}{3}}+\frac{y}{\frac{z+x+1}{3}}+\frac{z}{\frac{x+y+1}{3}}\)\(=\frac{3x}{y+z+1}+\frac{3y}{z+x+1}+\frac{3z}{x+y+1}\)
\(=\frac{3x^2}{xy+zx+x}+\frac{3y^2}{yz+xy+y}+\frac{3z^2}{zx+yz+z}\)\(\ge\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+\left(x+y+z\right)}\)(Theo BĐT Cauchy - Schwarz dạng Engle)
\(\ge\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+zx\right)+x^2+y^2+z^2}=\frac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}=3=x^2+y^2+z^2\)
\(\ge xy+yz+zx\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = 1
Bài này cũng dễ mà:
Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si, ta có:
\(y+z+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{y+z+1}{3}\ge\sqrt[3]{yz}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}\ge\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sum\dfrac{x}{\sqrt[3]{yz}}\ge\sum\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}\)
Mà \(\sum\dfrac{3x}{y+z+1}=\sum\dfrac{3x^2}{xy+xz+x}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy -Schwaz:
\(\sum\dfrac{3x^2}{xy+xz+x}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\)
Mà:
\(xy+yz+xz\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)(BĐT phụ)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\le2\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=6\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhicopski:
\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)=9\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\le3\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z\le6+3=9\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+x+y+z}\ge\dfrac{3\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{9}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}\ge xy+yz+xz\left(ĐPCM\right)\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)x=y=z=1
Đề bài sai, đề đúng thì phân thức đằng sau dấu chia phải là:
\(\dfrac{4x^4+4x^2y+y^2-4}{x^2+y+xy+x}\)
\(\Rightarrow x^3+y^3-x^2y-xy^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(x^2\left(x-y\right)-y^2\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y\right)\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\)\(\left(x-y\right)^2\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)( luôn đúng vì x,y ko âm nên x+y >0)(đpcm)
chúc bn hok tốt