Cho x, y >0, Chứng minh rằng :
\(\frac{-1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}>hoac=\frac{4}{x+y}\)
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Áp dụng công thức \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\left(x,y>0\right)\)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Tương tự \(\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{2y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)\left(2\right)\\\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{2z}\right)\left(3\right)\end{cases}}\)
(1)(2)(3) => \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
=> \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức : \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)( với x , y > 0 )
Ta có : \(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right);\frac{1}{y+z}\le\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\)
Suy ra :
\(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{2x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)\left(1\right)\)
Tường tự ta có :
\(\frac{1}{x+2y+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{2y}+\frac{1}{4z}\right)\left(2\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{4x}+\frac{1}{4y}+\frac{1}{2z}\right)\left(3\right)\)
Từ (1) , (2) và (3)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\le1\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\frac{3}{4}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt !!!
Theo Cauche có:
\(\left(x+x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)\ge4\sqrt[4]{x^2yz}.4\sqrt[4]{\frac{1}{x^2.y.z}}=16\)
=> \(\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{2x+y+z}\). Tương tự có:
\(\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{16}{x+2y+z}\) và \(\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{x}\ge\frac{16}{x+y+2z}\)
=> \(16.\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\le\frac{2}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{2}{y}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{z}+\frac{2}{z}+\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\)
\(16.\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\le4.\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\right)=4.4=16\)
Chia cả 2 vế cho 16 => ĐPCM
3) Đặt b+c=x;c+a=y;a+b=z.
=>a=(y+z-x)/2 ; b=(x+z-y)/2 ; c=(x+y-z)/2
BĐT cần CM <=> \(\frac{y+z-x}{2x}+\frac{x+z-y}{2y}+\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\ge\frac{3}{2}\)
VT=\(\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}-1+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{z}{y}-1+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}-1\right)\)
\(=\frac{1}{2}\left[\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)+\left(\frac{x}{z}+\frac{z}{x}\right)-3\right]\)
\(\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(2+2+2-3\right)=\frac{3}{2}\)(Cauchy)
Dấu''='' tự giải ra nhá
Bài 4
dễ chứng minh \(\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab;\left(b+c\right)^2\ge4bc;\left(a+c\right)^2\ge4ac\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\left(b+c\right)^2\left(a+c\right)^2\ge64a^2b^2c^2\)
rồi khai căn ra \(\Rightarrow\)dpcm.
đấu " = " xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c\)
Biến đổi \(\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}=\frac{x^4-x-y^4+y}{\left(y^3-1\right)\left(x^3-1\right)}=\frac{\left(x^4-y^4\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(y^2+y+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)
(Do x+y=1 => \(\hept{\begin{cases}y-1=-x\\x-1=-y\end{cases}}\))
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)-\left(x-y\right)}{xy\left(x^2y^2+y^2x+y^2+yx^2+xy+y+x^2+x+1\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^3+y^3-1\right)}{xy\left[x^2y^2+xy\left(x+y\right)+x^2+y^2+xy+2\right]}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(x^2-x+y^2-y\right)}{xy\left[x^2y^2+\left(x+y\right)^2+2\right]}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(x-1\right)+y\left(y-1\right)\right]}{xy\left(x^2y^2+3\right)}\)
\(=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left[x\left(-y\right)+y\left(-x\right)\right]}{xy\left(x^2y^2+3\right)}=\frac{\left(x-y\right)\left(-2xy\right)}{xy\left(x^2y^2+3\right)}=\frac{-2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{x}{y^3-1}-\frac{y}{x^3-1}+\frac{2\left(x-y\right)}{x^2y^2+3}=0\left(đpcm\right)\)