Tính phần trăm khối lượng của các nguyên tố trong hợp chất : NaNO3, K2CO3, Al(OH)3
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Tính phần trăm khối lượng của các nguyên tố trong hợp chất: NaNO3; K2CO3 , Al(OH)3, SO2, SO3, Fe2O3.
\(NaNO_3\\ \%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx27,059\%\\ \%m_N=\dfrac{14}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx16,471\%\\ \%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{23+14+3.16}.100\approx56,471\%\)
Em tương tự làm cho các chất còn lại!
\(PTK_{NaNO_3}=23+14+3.16=85\left(đvC\right)\)
\(\%m_{Na}=\dfrac{23}{85}.100=27,05\%\)
\(\%m_N=\dfrac{14}{85}.100=16,47\%\)
\(\%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{85}=56,47\%\)
\(PTK_{K_2CO_3}=2.39+12+3.16=138\left(đvC\right)\)
\(\%m_K=\dfrac{78}{138}.100=56,52\%\)
\(\%m_C=\dfrac{12}{138}.100=8,69\%\)
\(\%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{138}.100=34,78\%\)
các ý còn lại làm tương tự
bạn cho mik thêm chỗ này nhé, lúc đấy vội nên mik ghi thiếu
\(\%m_O=\dfrac{3.16}{85}.100=56,47\%\)
Câu 2:
\(CTHH:X_2O_5\\ M_{X_2O_5}=\dfrac{16}{100\%-43,67\%}=142\left(g\text{/}mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow M_X=\dfrac{142-16.5}{2}=31\left(g\text{/}mol\right)\left(P\right)\\ \Rightarrow CTHH:P_2O_5\)
Câu 3:
Trong 1 mol B: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=\dfrac{342.15,79\%}{27}=2\left(mol\right)\\n_S=\dfrac{342.28,07\%}{32}=3\left(mol\right)\\n_O=\dfrac{342-2.27-3.32}{16}=12\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH_B:Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3\)
Câu 4:
\(M_X=8,5.2=17\left(g\text{/}mol\right)\)
Trong 1 mol X: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_N=\dfrac{17.82,35\%}{14}=1\left(mol\right)\\n_H=\dfrac{17.17,65\%}{1}=3\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow CTHH_X:NH_3\)
C1:
\(NaNO3:\)
\(MNaNO3=23+62=\dfrac{85g}{mol}\)
\(\%Na=\dfrac{23.100}{85}=27\%\)
\(\%N=\dfrac{14.100}{85}=16\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16.3.100}{85}=56\%\)
\(K2CO3\)
\(MK2CO3=39.2+60=\dfrac{138g}{mol}\)
\(\%K=\dfrac{39.2.100}{138}=57\%\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{12.100}{138}=9\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16.3.100}{138}=35\%\)
\(Al\left(OH\right)3:\)
\(MAl\left(OH\right)3=27+17.3=\dfrac{78g}{mol}\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{27.100}{78}=35\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16.3.100}{78}=62\%\)
\(\%H=\dfrac{1.3.100}{78}=4\%\)
\(SO2:\)
\(MSO2=32+16.2=\dfrac{64g}{mol}\)
\(\%S=\dfrac{32.100}{64}=50\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16.2.100}{64}=50\%\)
\(SO3:\)
\(MSO3=32+16.3=\dfrac{80g}{mol}\)
\(\%S=\dfrac{32.100}{80}=40\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16.3.100}{80}=60\%\)
\(Fe2O3:\)
\(MFe2O3=56.2+16.3=\dfrac{160g}{mol}\)
\(\%Fe=\dfrac{56.2.100}{160}=70\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16.3.100}{160}=30\%\)
C5:
a,MX=2,207.29=64đvC
b, gọi cthh của hợp chất này là SxOy
Ta có: 32x:16y=50:50
=>x:y=\(\dfrac{50}{32}:\dfrac{50}{16}\)
= 1,5625:3,125
= 1 : 2
Vậy CTHH của hợp chất này là SO2
C2,3,4 lm r nên t bổ sung thim:>
Câu 1 :
\(M_{K_2CO_3}=39.2+12+16.3=138\left(dvC\right)\)
\(\%K=\dfrac{39.2}{138}.100\%=56,52\%\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{12}{138}.100\%=8,69\%\)
\(\%O=100\%-56,52\%-8,69\%=34,79\%\)
Còn lại cậu làm tương tự nhá
\(M_{MgSO_4}=24+32+16.4=120\\ \%Mg=\dfrac{24}{120}.100=20\%\\ \%S=\dfrac{32}{120}.100=26,67\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16.4}{120}.100=53,33\%\\ M_{Al\left(NO_3\right)_3}=27+62.3=213\\ \%Al=\dfrac{27}{213}.100=12,68\%\\ \%N=\dfrac{14.3}{213}.100=19,72\%\\ \%O=\dfrac{16.9}{213}.100=67,6\%\)
\(MgSO_4=120\)
\(\%Mg=\dfrac{24}{120}.100\%=20\%\)
\(\%S=\dfrac{32}{120}.100\%\text{≈}26,67\%\)
\(\%O=100-\left(20+26,67\right)\text{≈}53,33\%\)
\(M_{NaNO_3}=23+14+16\times3=85\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Na=\dfrac{23}{85}\times100\%=27,06\%\)
\(\%N=\dfrac{14}{85}\times100\%=16,47\%\)
\(\%O=100\%-27,06\%-16,47\%=56,47\%\)
\(M_{K_2CO_3}=39\times2+12+16\times3=138\left(g\right)\)
\(\%K=\dfrac{39\times2}{138}\times100\%=56,52\%\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{12}{138}\times100\%=8,7\%\)
\(\%O=100\%-8,7\%-56,52\%=34,78\%\)
\(M_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=27+3\times17=78\left(g\right)\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{27}{78}\times100\%=34,62\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{16\times3}{78}\times100\%=61,54\%\)
\(\%H=100\%-34,62\%-61,54\%=3,84\%\)
* \(M_{Na\left(NO_3\right)}=23+14+48=85\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\%Na=\dfrac{23}{85}.100\%=27,05\%\)
\(\%N=\dfrac{14}{85}.100\%=16,47\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%O=100\%-\left(27,05+16,47\right)\%=56,48\%\)
* \(M_{K_2CO_3}=78+12+48=138\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\%K=\dfrac{78}{138}.100\%=56,52\%\)
\(\%C=\dfrac{12}{138}.100\%=8,69\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%O=100\%-\left(56,52+8,69\right)\%=34,79\%\)
* \(M_{Al\left(OH\right)_3}=27+48+3=78\left(g/mol\right)\)
\(\%Al=\dfrac{27}{78}.100\%=34,61\%\)
\(\%O=\dfrac{48}{78}.100\%=61,53\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%H=100\%-\left(34,61+61,53\right)\%=3,86\%\)