CMR với mọi x nguyên thì \(x^4+6x^3+11x^2+6x+1\) là số cp
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\(x^4+6x^3+11x^2+6x\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
\(x\in Z\Rightarrow x;x+1;x+2;x+3\) là 4 số nguyên liên tiếp
\(\Rightarrow x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\) là tích 4 số nguyên liên tiếp
Suy ra \(\hept{\begin{cases}\text{có tích 2 số chẵn liên tiếp }\Rightarrow⋮8\\\text{có một số chia hết 3}\\\left(8;3\right)=1\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)⋮24\)
f(x) = x4 + 6x3 +11x2 + 6x
\(=x^4+x^3+5x^3+5x^2+6x^2+6x\)
\(=\left(x^4+x^3\right)+\left(5x^3+5x^2\right)+\left(6x^2+6x\right)\)
\(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+5x^2\left(x+1\right)+6x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+5x^2+6x\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left[x^2+2x+3x+6\right]\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x^2+2x\right)+\left(3x+6\right)\right]\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left[x\left(x+2\right)+3\left(x+2\right)\right]\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b)Ta có
\(f\left(x\right)+1=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)+1\)
\(=\left[x\left(x+3\right)\right].\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\right]+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+3x\right).\left(x^2 +3x+2\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+3x+1-1\right).\left(x^2+3x+1+1\right)+1\)
\(=\left[\left(x^2+3x+1\right)-1\right].\left[\left(x^2+3x+1\right)+1\right]+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+3x+1\right)^2-1+1=\left(x^2+3x+1\right)^2\)
Vậy với mọi x nguyên thì f(x) + 1 luôn có giá trị là 1 số chính phương
1) \(x^3+6x^2+11x+6\)
\(=x^3+x^2+5x^2+5x+6x+6\)
\(=x^2\left(x+1\right)+5x\left(x+1\right)+6\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+2x+3x+6\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
2) \(A=n^3\left(n^2-7\right)^2-36n\)
\(A=n\left[n^2\left(n^2-7\right)^2-36\right]\)
\(A=n\left\{\left[n\left(n^2-7\right)\right]^2-6^2\right\}\)
\(A=n\left(n^3-7n-6\right)\left(n^3-7n+6\right)\)
\(A=n\left(n^3-7n-6\right)\left(n^3-n-6n+6\right)\)
\(A=n\left(n^3-7n-6\right)\left[n\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)-6\left(n-1\right)\right]\)
\(A=n\left(n^3-7n-6\right)\left(n-1\right)\left(n^2+n-6\right)\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n^3-7n-6\right)\left(n^2+3n-2n-6\right)\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n^3-7n-6\right)\left[n\left(n+3\right)-2\left(n+3\right)\right]\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n^3-7n-6\right)\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n^3-n-6n-6\right)\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left[n\left(n-1\right)\left(n+1\right)-6\left(n+1\right)\right]\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2+n-6\right)\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(n^2+3n-2n-6\right)\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+1\right)\left[n\left(n+3\right)-2\left(n+3\right)\right]\)
\(A=n\left(n-1\right)\left(n-2\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n+1\right)\left(n+3\right)\left(n-2\right)\)
\(A=\left(n-1\right)n\left(n+1\right)\left(n-2\right)^2\left(n+3\right)^2\)
Rồi sao nữa còn nghĩ :))
Bài 1:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy+2=2x+y\left(1\right)\\2xy+y^2+3y=6\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(1\right)\Rightarrow xy-y+2-2x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow y\left(x-1\right)-2\left(x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(y-2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(x=1\). Thay vào (2) ta được:
\(2y+y^2+3y=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2+5y-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y^2+y-6y-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(y+1\right)-6\left(y+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+1\right)\left(y-6\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=-1\\y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)
Với \(y=2\). Thay vào (2) ta được:
\(2x.2+2^2+3.2=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x+4+6=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm (x,y) \(\in\left\{\left(1;-1\right),\left(1;6\right),\left(-1;2\right)\right\}\)
Bài 2:
\(f\left(x\right)=x^4+6x^3+11x^2+6x\)
\(=x\left(x^3+6x^2+11x+6\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^3+x^2+5x^2+5x+6x+6\right)\)
\(=x\left[x^2\left(x+1\right)+5x\left(x+1\right)+6\left(x+1\right)\right]\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+5x+6\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+3x+2x+6\right)\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left[x\left(x+3\right)+2\left(x+3\right)\right]\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(f\left(x\right)+1=x\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)+1\)
\(=x\left(x+3\right).\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+3x\right).\left(x^2+3x+2\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+3x\right)^2+2\left(x^2+3x\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^2+3x+1\right)^2\)
Vì x là số nguyên nên \(f\left(x\right)+1\) là số chính phương.
\(B=x^4-6x^3+11x^2-6x+1\)
\(=x^4-6x^3+9x^2+2x^2-6x+1\)
\(=\left(x^2\right)^2-2.x^2.3x+\left(3x\right)^2+2\left(x^2-3x\right)+1\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x\right)^2+2\left(x^2-3x\right).1+1^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-3x+1\right)^2\)
Ta có: x4 + 6x3 + 11x2 + 6x + 1
= x(x3 + 6x2 + 11x + 6) + 1
= x(x3 + 3x2 + 3x2 + 9x + 2x + 6) + 1
= x[x2(x + 3) + 3x(x + 3) + 2(x + 3)] + 1
= x(x + 3)(x2 + 3x + 2) + 1
= (x2 + 3x)(x2 + 3x + 2) + 1
=> (x2 + 3x + 1 - 1)(x2 + 3x + 1 + 1) + 1
= (x2 + 3x + 1)2 - 1 + 1
= (x2 + 3x + 1)2
=> x4 + 6x3 + 11x2 + 6x + 1 là số chính phương
Giả sử pt có nghiệm thì nghiệm đó k phải là 0. Vì vậy ta có:
\(x^4+6x^3+11x^2+6x+1=x^2\left(x^2+6x+11+\frac{6}{x}+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)\)
\(=x^2\left[\left(x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}\right)+6\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+11\right]\)
\(=x^2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2-2+6\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+11\right]\)
\(=x^2\left[\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)^2+6\left(x+\frac{1}{x}\right)+9\right]\)
\(=x^2\left(x+\frac{1}{x}+3\right)^2=\left(x^2+3x+1\right)^2\) là scp