cho a,b dương thỏa mãn \(a^3+b^3=3ab-1\)
cm a2018-b2018=2
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Ta có: \(A=\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)+\dfrac{6}{a^2+b^2}+3ab\)
\(=2\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\dfrac{6}{a^2+b^2}+ab\)
\(=\left[\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\dfrac{6}{a^2+b^2}\right]+\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{2}+ab\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{2}\left(a^2+b^2\right).\dfrac{6}{a^2+b^2}}+\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{2}=2.3+\dfrac{2^2}{2}=8\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra ⇔ a=b=1
Bạn tham khảo nhé!!!!
a3+b3=3ab−1
⇔a3+b3−3ab+1=0⇔a3+b3−3ab+1=0
⇔(a+b)3−3ab(a+b)−3ab+1=0
⇔(a+b)3+1−3ab(a+b+1)=0
⇔(a+b+1)[(a+b)2−(a+b)+1]−3ab(a+b+1)=0
⇔(a+b+1)(a2+b2+1−ab−a−b)=0
Vì a,b>0a,b>0 nên a+b+1≠0
Do đó:
a2+b2+1−a−b−ab=0
⇔\(\frac{\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-1\right)^2+\left(b-1\right)^2}{2}\)=0
⇔a=b=1
Do đó: a2018+b2019=1+1=2
Ta có đpcm.
Ta có: \(\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2\ge2ab\)
\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\\2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge a^2+2ab+b^2\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\\2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge a^2+2ab+b^2\end{cases}}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\left(1\right)\\\left(a+b\right)^2\le2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Theo đề bài:
\(a+b+3ab=1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+b\right)+12ab=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4\left(a+b\right)+3\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4\left(theo\left(1\right)\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b\right)^2+4\left(a+b\right)-4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+2\right)\left[3\left(a+b\right)-2\right]\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(a+b\right)-2\ge0\left(a,b>0\Rightarrow a+b+2>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b\ge\frac{2}{3}\)
`\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\ge\frac{4}{9}\left(theo\left(2\right)\right)\)
Áp dụng các kết quả trên, ta có:
\(\left(\sqrt{1-a^2}+\sqrt{1-b^2}\right)^2\le2\left(1-a^2+1-b^2\right)\)\(=4-2\left(a^2+b^2\right)\le4-\frac{4}{9}=\frac{32}{9}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{1-a^2}+\sqrt{1-b^2}\le\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}\)
Ta có: \(\frac{3ab}{a+b}=\frac{1-\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}=\frac{1}{a+b}-1\le\frac{1}{\frac{2}{3}}-1=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow A\le\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}+\frac{1}{2}\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra <=> \(\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\a+b+3ab=1\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b\\3a^2+2a-1=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}a=b=\frac{1}{3}\left(a,b>0\right)}\)
Vậy max A là \(\frac{4\sqrt{2}}{3}+\frac{1}{2}\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{3}\)
Áp dụng bđt AM-GM ta có
\(P\ge\frac{4}{2+a^2+b^2+6ab}=\frac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2+4ab+1}=\frac{2}{1+2ab}\)
Lại có \(ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\frac{2}{1+\frac{1}{2}}=\frac{4}{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Câu hỏi của Lê Văn Hoàng - Toán lớp 9 - Học toán với OnlineMath
Sửa đề cm a2018+b2018=2
Ta có:\(a^3+b^3=3ab-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+1-3ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+1-3ab=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+1\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)+1\right]-3ab\left(a+b+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-a-b+1-3ab\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+1\right)\left(a^2+ab+b^2-a-b+1\right)=0\)
Vì a,b > 0 => a + b + 1 > 0
=>\(a^2+ab+b^2-a-b+1=0\)
=>2a2+2ab+2b2-2a-2b+2=0
=>(a2+2ab+b2)+(a2-2a+1)+(b2-2b+1)=0
=>(a+b)2+(a-1)2+(b-1)2=0
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a+b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(a-1\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-1\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow VT\ge0\)
=>\(\hept{\begin{cases}a+b=0\\a-1=0\\b-1=0\end{cases}}\)=> a=b=1
=>\(a^{2018}+b^{2018}=1+1=2\)