phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử dạng tam thứ bậc hai:
a)x^2+4x+3 b)x^2+4x-3 c)x^2-x-12
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a) x2 + 4x + 3
= x2 + 3x + x +3
= ( x2 + 3 ) + ( x + 3 )
= x ( x + 3 ) + ( x + 3 )
= ( x + 3 ) ( x + 1 )
b) 4x2 - 4x - 3
= 4x2 + 2x - 6x - 3
= ( 4x2 + 2x ) - ( 6x + 3 )
= 2x ( 2x + 1 ) - 3 ( 2x + 1 )
= ( 2x + 1 )( 2x - 3 )
c) x2 - x - 12
= x2 + 3x - 4x - 12
= ( x2 + 3x ) - ( 4x + 12 )
= x ( x + 3 ) - 4 ( x + 3 )
= ( x + 3 ) ( x - 4 )
d) 4x4 - 4x2y2 - 8y4
= 4 ( x4 - x2y2 - 2y4 )
Hk tốt
a) \(xy+y^2-x-y=y\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(y-1\right)\)
b) \(25-x^2+4xy-4y^2=25-\left(x-2y\right)^2=\left(5-x+2y\right)\left(5+x-2y\right)\)
c) \(x^2-4x+3=x^2-x-3x+3=x\left(x-1\right)-3\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)\)
d) \(y^2\left(x-1\right)-7y^3+7xy^3\)
\(=y^2\left(x-1-7y+7xy\right)\)
\(=y^2\left[\left(x-1\right)-7y\left(1-x\right)\right]=y^2\left(x-1\right)\left(1+7y\right)\)
a)
\(xy+y^2-x-y\\ =\left(xy-x\right)+\left(y^2-y\right)\\ =x\left(y-1\right)+y\left(y-1\right)\\ =\left(y-1\right)\left(x+y\right)\)
\(1,=x\left(x^2-2x+1-y^2\right)=x\left[\left(x-1\right)^2-y^2\right]=x\left(x-y-1\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\\ 2,=\left(x+y\right)^3\\ 3,=\left(2y-z\right)\left(4x+7y\right)\\ 4,=\left(x+2\right)^2\\ 5,Sửa:x\left(x-2\right)-x+2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(x^3-2x+4\)
\(=x^3+2x^2-2x^2-4x+2x+4\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+2\right)\)
b: \(x^3-4x^2+12x-27\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2+3x+9\right)-4x\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x^2-x+9\right)\)
c: \(x^3+2x^2+2x+1\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)+2x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
Lời giải:
a. $x^3-4x^2+x+6=(x^3-2x^2)-(2x^2-4x)-(3x-6)$
$=x^2(x-2)-2x(x-2)-3(x-2)=(x-2)(x^2-2x-3)$
$=(x-2)[(x^2+x)-(3x+3)]=(x-2)[x(x+1)-3(x+1)]$
$=(x-2)(x+1)(x-3)$
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b.
$x^3+7x^2+14x+8=(x^3+x^2)+(6x^2+6x)+(8x+8)$
$=x^2(x+1)+6x(x+1)+8(x+1)=(x+1)(x^2+6x+8)$
$=(x+1)[(x^2+2x)+(4x+8)]=(x+1)[x(x+2)+4(x+2)]$
$=(x+1)(x+2)(x+4)$
Câu a bạn xem lại đề bài nhé. Đa thức đề cho thậm chí còn không có nghiệm hữu tỉ luôn cơ.
b) Lập sơ đồ Horner:
1 | 7 | 14 | 8 | |
\(x=-1\) | 1 | 6 | 8 | 0 |
\(\Rightarrow x^3+7x^2+14x+8=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+6x+8\right)\)
Ta thấy đa thức \(g\left(x\right)=x^2+6x+8\), dự đoán được 1 nghiệm \(x=-2\). Ta lại lập sơ đồ Horner:
1 | 6 | 8 | |
\(x=-2\) | 1 | 4 | 0 |
\(\Rightarrow g\left(x\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
Vậy đa thức đã cho có thể được phân tích thành \(\left(x+1\right)\left(x+2\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
\(\left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+8\right)\left(x+12\right)-4x^2\)
\(=\left(x+2\right)\left(x+12\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+8\right)-4x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2+14x+24\right)\left(x^2+11x+24\right)-\left(2x\right)^2\)
Đặt \(x^2+11x+24=a\)
\(=a\left(a+3x\right)-4x^2=a^2+3ax-4x^2=a^2-ax+4ax-4x^2=\left(a-x\right)\left(a+4x\right)\)
\(x^2+4x+3\)
<=>\(x^2+3x+x+3\)
<=>\(\left(x^2+3x\right)+\left(x+3\right)\)
<=>\(x\left(x+3\right)+\left(x+3\right)\)
<=>\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(c>\)\(x^2-x-12\)
<=>\(x^2+3x-4x-12\)
<=> \(\left(x^2+3x\right)-\left(4x-12\right)\)
<=>\(\left(x^2+3x\right)-\left(4x+12\right)\)
<=>\(x\left(x+3\right)-4\left(x+3\right)\)
<=>\(\left(x+3\right)\left(x-4\right)\)
a) \(x^2+4x+3\)
\(=x^2+x+3x+3\)
\(=x\left(x+1\right)+3\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
b) \(x^2-4x+3\)
\(=x^2-3x-x+3\)
\(=x\left(x-3\right)-\left(x-3\right)\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
c) \(x^2-x-12\)
\(=x^2-4x+3x-12\)
\(=x\left(x-4\right)+3\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)\)