Số nghiệm của PT \(log_3\left(x^2-6\right)=log_3\left(x-2\right)+1\)
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Lời giải:
Để ý rằng \(\log _3(3^{x+1}-3)=\log_3[3(3^x-1)]=1+\log_3(3^x-1)\)
Đặt \(\log_3(3^x-1)=t\). Khi đó PT tương đương:
\(t(t+1)=6\Leftrightarrow (t-2)(t+3)=0\Rightarrow \)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=2\\t=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)
Nếu \(t=2\rightarrow 3^x-1=9\Leftrightarrow 3^x=10\rightarrow x=\log_3(10)\)
Nếu \(t=-3\Rightarrow 3^x-1=\frac{1}{27}\Rightarrow 3^x=\frac{28}{27}\Rightarrow x=\log_3\left (\frac{28}{27}\right)\)
a: ĐKXĐ: 2x+6>0
=>2x>-6
=>x>-2
b: ĐKXĐ: x-6>0
=>x>6
c: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2-x}>0\\2-x\ne0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>2-x>0
=>x<2
d: ĐKXĐ: \(\left(x-6\right)\left(x+2\right)>0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-6>0\\x+2< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>6\\x< -2\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(log\left(x-2\right)< 3\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2>0\\log\left(x-2\right)< log9\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2>0\\x-2< 9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow2< x< 11\)
b: \(log_2\left(2x-1\right)>3\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1>0\\log_2\left(2x-1\right)>log_29\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1>0\\2x-1>9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow2x-1>9\)
=>2x>10
=>x>5
c: \(log_3\left(-x-1\right)< =2\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-1>0\\log_3\left(-x-1\right)< =log_39\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-1>0\\-x-1< =9\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x>1\\-x< =10\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< -1\\x>=-10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow-10< =x< -1\)
d: \(log_2\left(2x-3\right)>=2\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3>0\\log_2\left(2x-3\right)>=log_24\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3>0\\2x-3>=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>2x-3>=4
=>2x>=7
=>\(x>=\dfrac{7}{2}\)
e: \(log_3\left(2x-7\right)>2\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-7>0\\log_3\left(2x-7\right)>log_39\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>\dfrac{7}{2}\\2x-7>9\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>2x-7>9
=>2x>16
=>x>8
a.
\(log\left(x-2\right)< 3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2>0\\x-2< 10^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>2\\x< 1002\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow2< x< 1002\)
b.
\(log_2\left(2x-1\right)>3\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-1>0\\2x-1>2^3\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>\dfrac{1}{2}\\x>\dfrac{9}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x>\dfrac{9}{2}\)
c.
\(log_3\left(-x-1\right)\le2\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x-1>0\\-x-1\le3^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< -1\\x\ge-10\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow-10\le x< -1\)
d.
\(log_2\left(2x-3\right)\ge2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3>0\\2x-3\ge2^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\\x>\dfrac{7}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x>\dfrac{7}{2}\)
e,
\(log_3\left(2x-7\right)>2\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-7>0\\2x-7>3^2\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>\dfrac{7}{2}\\x>8\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x>8\)
ĐKXĐ:
a.
\(2x-4>0\Rightarrow x>2\Rightarrow D=\left(2;+\infty\right)\)
b.
\(2x+8>0\Rightarrow x>-4\Rightarrow D=\left(-4;+\infty\right)\)
c.
\(4-x>0\Rightarrow x< 4\Rightarrow D=\left(-\infty;4\right)\)
d.
\(\dfrac{1}{x+4}>0\Rightarrow x>-4\Rightarrow D=\left(-4;+\infty\right)\)
e.
\(\left(x-3\right)\left(x+9\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>3\\x< -9\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow D=\left(-\infty;-9\right)\cup\left(3;+\infty\right)\)
a: ĐKXĐ: 2x-4>0
=>2x>4
=>x>2
b: ĐKXĐ: 2x+8>0
=>2x>-8
=>x>-4
c: ĐKXĐ: 4-x>0
=>-x>-4
=>x<4
d: ĐKXĐ: \(\dfrac{1}{x+4}>0\)
=>x+4>0
=>x>-4
e: ĐKXĐ: \(\left(x-3\right)\left(x+9\right)>0\)
=>\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3>0\\x+9< 0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>3\\x< -9\end{matrix}\right.\)
a: \(log\left(x-5\right)< 2\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-5>0\\log\left(x-5\right)< log4\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-5>0\\x-5< 4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow5< x< 9\)
b: \(log_2\left(2x-3\right)>4\)
=>\(log_2\left(2x-3\right)>log_216\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x-3>0\\2x-3>16\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>2x-3>16
=>2x>19
=>\(x>\dfrac{19}{2}\)
c: \(log_3\left(2x+5\right)< =3\)
=>\(log_3\left(2x+5\right)< =log_327\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+5>0\\2x+5< =27\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>-\dfrac{5}{2}\\x< =11\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>\(-\dfrac{5}{2}< x< =11\)
d: \(log_4\left(4x-5\right)>=2\)
=>\(log_4\left(4x-5\right)>=log_416\)
=>4x-5>=16 và 4x-5>0
=>4x>=21 và 4x>5
=>4x>=21
=>\(x>=\dfrac{21}{4}\)
e: \(log_3\left(1-3x\right)>3\)
=>\(log_3\left(1-3x\right)>log_327\)
=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-3x>0\\1-3x>27\end{matrix}\right.\)
=>1-3x>27
=>\(-3x>26\)
=>\(x< -\dfrac{26}{3}\)
đk: \(\begin{cases}x^2-5x+6\ge0\\x-1\ge0\end{cases}\)\(\Rightarrow\begin{cases}x\ge3;x\le2\\x\ge1\end{cases}\) suy ra \(x\ge3;1\le x\le2\)
ta có \(\log_3^{\left(x^2-5x+6\right)}=\log_{\sqrt{3}}^{\frac{x-1}{2}}+\log_{\sqrt{3}}^{x-3}\Rightarrow\log_3^{\left(x^2-5x+6\right)}=\log_{\sqrt{3}}^{\left(x-3\right)\frac{x-1}{2}}\) suy ra \(2\sqrt{x^2-5x+6}=\left(x-3\right)\left(x-1\right)\)
giải pt ta tìm đc x và đối chiếu với đk đề bài ta tìm đc x
Lời giải:
Ta có: \(\log_3(9^{x+1})\log_3(9^x+1)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x+1)\log_39\log_3(9^x+1)=3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow (x+1)\log_3(9^x+1)=\frac{3}{2}\)
Từ đây suy ra \(x+1\neq 0\)
\(\Rightarrow \log_3(9^x+1)=\frac{3}{2(x+1)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 9^x+1=3^{\frac{3}{2(x+1)}}\) (*)
Đạo hàm vế trái: \((9^x+1)'=\ln 9.9^x>0\), hàm đồng biến
Đạo hàm vế phải: \((3^{\frac{3}{2(x+1)}})'=\frac{-3}{2(x+1)^2}.\ln 3.3^{\frac{3}{2(x+1)}}<0\), hàm nghịch biến
Do đó PT (*) có một nghiệm duy nhất.
Đến đây việc còn lại là dò nghiệm duy nhất đó.
\(x\approx 0,3795\)
Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-5x+5}=t>0\)
\(\Rightarrow log_2\left(t+1\right)+log_3\left(t^2+2\right)-2=0\)
Nhận thấy \(t=1\) là 1 nghiệm của pt
Xét hàm \(f\left(t\right)=log_2\left(t+1\right)+log_3\left(t^2+2\right)-2\)
\(f'\left(t\right)=\dfrac{1}{\left(t+1\right)ln2}+\dfrac{2t}{\left(t^2+2\right)ln3}>0\Rightarrow f\left(t\right)\) đồng biến
\(\Rightarrow f\left(t\right)\) có tối đa 1 nghiệm
\(\Rightarrow t=1\) là nghiệm duy nhất của pt
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-5x+5}=1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
ĐKXĐ:
a.
\(x^2-16>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x>4\\x< -4\end{matrix}\right.\)
b.
\(x^2-2x+1>0\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2>0\Rightarrow x\ne1\)
c.
\(\left(2-x\right)\left(x+1\right)>0\Rightarrow-1< x< 2\)
d.
\(\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x+5\right)>0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}-5< x< -1\\x>1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\log_3\left(x^2-6\right)=\log_3\left(x-2\right)+\log_33\)
\(\log_3\left(x^2-6\right)=\log_3\left[3\left(x-2\right)\right]\)
\(x^2-6=3x-6\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)