Cho a,b dương và ab=1.CMR \(\frac{a^3}{1+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{1+a^2}>=1\)
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Ta có:
\(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}\)
\(=\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{a+1}{9}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{b+1}{9}-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{\frac{a^2}{a+1}.\frac{a+1}{9}}+2\sqrt{\frac{b^2}{b+1}.\frac{b+1}{9}}-\frac{1}{3}\)
\(=\frac{2}{3}a+\frac{2}{3}b-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Dấu = xảy ra <=> a = b = 1/2
Áp dụng Cauchy Schwarz:
\(\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{a+b+2}=\frac{1}{3}\)
Đẳng thức xảy ra tại a=b=1/2
Ta có \(\frac{a^3}{b^2+1}=\frac{a^3}{b^2+ab}=\frac{a^3}{b\left(a+b\right)}\)
Áp dụng BĐT cosi
\(\frac{a^3}{b\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b}{2}+\frac{a+b}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}a\)
TT \(\frac{b^3}{a\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{a}{2}+\frac{a+b}{4}\ge\frac{3}{2}b\)
=> \(VT\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\ge\sqrt{ab}=1\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=1
1. Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy dạng Engle, ta có :
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge\frac{9}{a+b+c}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{9}{a+b+c}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
\(\frac{1}{3}\left(a^3+b^3+a+b\right)+ab\le a^2+b^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{3}\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2+b^2+1-ab\right)+ab\le a^2+b^2+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+1\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)-ab\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+1-ab\right)\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\)
Vì a, b dương \(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+1-ab>0\Rightarrow\left(\frac{a+b}{3}-1\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow a+b\le3\)
\(M=\frac{a^2+8}{a}+\frac{b^2+2}{b}=a+\frac{8}{a}+b+\frac{2}{b}=2a+2b+\frac{8}{a}+\frac{2}{b}-\left(a+b\right)\ge8+4-3=9\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy cho a ; b dương
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=2;b=1\)
Đặt: \(P=\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}+\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}+\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\)
Ta có:
\(\frac{a+1}{b^2+1}=a-\frac{ab^2-1}{b^2+1}\ge a-\frac{ab^2-1}{2b}=a-\frac{ab}{2}+\frac{1}{2b}\)
Tương tự ta có:
\(\frac{b+1}{c^2+1}\ge b-\frac{bc}{2}+\frac{1}{2c},\frac{c+1}{a^2+1}\ge c-\frac{ca}{2}+\frac{1}{2a}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge a+b+c-\frac{ab+bc+ca}{2}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge3-\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{6}+\frac{1}{2}\left(\frac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{a+b+c}\right)\)
\(=3-\frac{9}{6}+\frac{1}{2}.\frac{9}{3}=3\)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi a=b=c=1
1. BĐT ban đầu
<=> \(\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{b}{a+3b}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{c}{b+3c}\right)+\left(\frac{1}{3}-\frac{a}{c+3a}\right)\ge\frac{1}{4}\)
<=>\(\frac{a}{a+3b}+\frac{b}{b+3c}+\frac{c}{c+3a}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(\frac{a^2}{a^2+3ab}+\frac{b^2}{b^2+3bc}+\frac{c^2}{c^2+3ac}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
Áp dụng BĐT buniacoxki dang phân thức
=> BĐT cần CM
<=> \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\frac{3}{4}\)
<=> \(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ac\)luôn đúng
=> BĐT được CM
2) \(a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2-3\left(a+b+c\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a+b+c-3\right)\ge0\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a+b+c\ge3\)
ko mất tính tổng quát giả sử \(a\ge b\ge c\)
Có: \(3\le a+b+c\le ab+bc+ca\le3a^2\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(3a^2\ge3\)\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a\ge1\)
=> \(\frac{1}{1+a+b}+\frac{1}{1+b+c}+\frac{1}{1+c+a}\le\frac{3}{1+2a}\le1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=c=1\)
Đơn giản xúc tích ngắn gọn dễ hiểu :)) Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel + Cosi nhé
\(\frac{a^3}{1+b^2}+\frac{b^3}{1+a^2}=\frac{a^2}{b^3+b}+\frac{b^2}{a^3+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a^2-ab+b^2+1\right)}=\frac{a+b}{a^2+b^2}\ge\frac{2\sqrt{ab}}{2\sqrt{\left(ab\right)^2}}=1\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Chúc bạn học tốt ~
ấy khúc cuối ngu was -,-
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow\)\(a=b=1\) ( vì a, b dương )
Chúc bạn học tốt ~