Phân tích đa thức thành nhân = cách phối hợp nhiều phương pháp (toán 8)
a, 9x4+1
b,(a-x)y2-(a-y)x2 +(x-y)a2
c,x5+x4+1
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a) \(x^4-4x^2-4x-1=\left(x^4-1\right)-4x\left(x+1\right)=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-4x\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left[\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)-4x\right]=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2+x-1-4x\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-3x-1\right)\)
b) \(10x^4y^2-10x^3y^2-10x^2y^2+10xy^2=10xy^2\left(x^3-x^2-x+1\right)=10xy^2\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x+1\right)\)
a: \(x^4-4x^2-4x-1\)
\(=\left(x^4-1\right)-4x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)-4x\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+x-x^2-1-4x\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3-x^2-3x-1\right)\)
b: \(10x^4y^2-10x^3y^2-10x^2y^2+10xy^2\)
\(=10xy^2\left(x^3-x^2-x+1\right)\)
\(=10xy^2\cdot\left[\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)\right]\)
\(=10xy^2\cdot\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)^2\)
a: Ta có: \(x^2-4y^2-2x-4y\)
\(=\left(x-2y\right)\left(x+2y\right)-2\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-2y-2\right)\)
c: Ta có: \(x^3+2x^2y-x-2y\)
\(=x^2\left(x+2y\right)-\left(x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
d: Ta có: \(3x^2-3y^2-2\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\cdot\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)
e: Ta có: \(x^3-4x^2-9x+36\)
\(=x^2\left(x-4\right)-9\left(x-4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-4\right)\left(x-3\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
f: Ta có: \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
2x - 2y - x² + 2xy - y²
= (2x - 2y) - (x² - 2xy + y²)
= 2(x - y) - (x - y)²
= (x - y)(2 - x + y)
\(x^4-y^4+2x^3y-2xy^3\)
\(=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2-y^2\right)+2xy\left(x^2-y^2\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)^3\)
\(x^4-y^4+2x^3y-2xy^3\\ =\left(x^2\right)^2-\left(y^2\right)^2+2xy\left(x^2-y^2\right)\\ =\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2\right)+2xy\left(x^2-y^2\right)\\ =\left(x^2-y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)\left(x+y\right)^2\\ =\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)^3\)
x2 + 4x – 2xy – 4y + y2 = (x2-2xy+ y2) + (4x – 4y) → bạn Việt dùng phương pháp nhóm hạng tử
= (x - y)2 + 4(x – y) → bạn Việt dùng phương pháp dùng hằng đẳng thức và đặt nhân tử chung
= (x – y)(x – y + 4) → bạn Việt dùng phương pháp đặt nhân tử chung
b: \(\left(x^2+4\right)^2-16x^2\)
\(=\left(x^2-4x+4\right)\left(x^2+4x+4\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2\cdot\left(x+2\right)^2\)
c: \(x^5-x^4+x^3-x^2\)
\(=x^4\left(x-1\right)+x^2\left(x-1\right)\)
\(=x^2\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
Lời giải:
a. Bạn xem lại đề
b. \((x^2+4)^2-16x^2=(x^2+4)^2-(4x)^2=(x^2+4-4x)(x^2+4+4x)\)
\(=(x-2)^2(x+2)^2\)
c.
\(x^5-x^4+x^3-x^2=x^4(x-1)+x^2(x-1)=(x^4+x^2)(x-1)\)
\(=x^2(x^2+1)(x-1)\)
a) \(=x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x^2+x+1\right)\)
b) \(=xy\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-1\right)\)
c) Đổi đề: \(a^2x+a^2y-7x-7y\)
\(=a^2\left(x+y\right)-7\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(a^2-7\right)\)
d) \(=x^2\left(a-b\right)+y\left(a-b\right)=\left(a-b\right)\left(x^2+y\right)\)
e) \(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)^2\left(x^2-x+1\right)\)
g) \(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
h) \(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y+1\right)\)
i) \(=\left(x+1\right)^2-4=\left(x+1-2\right)\left(x+1+2\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+3\right)\)
a\(x^3\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)=\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3-1\right)\)
b)\(=xy\left(x+y\right)-\left(x+y\right)=\left(x+y\right)\left(xy-1\right)\)
d)\(=a\left(x^2+y\right)-b\left(x^2+y\right)=\left(x^2+y\right)\left(x-b\right)\)
e)\(=x^3\left(x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)=\left(x+1\right)\left(x^3+1\right)\)
g)\(=\left(x-y\right)^2-z\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x-y-z\right)\)
h)\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-\left(x-y\right)=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y-1\right)\)
i)\(=\left(x-1\right)^2-4=\left(x-1-2\right)\left(x-1+2\right)=\left(x-3\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
e) Ta có: \(x^4-2x^3+2x-1\)
\(=\left(x^4-1\right)-2x\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x^2+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)-2x\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x^2-2x+1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+1\right)\cdot\left(x-1\right)^3\)
h) Ta có: \(3x^2-3y^2-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x^2-y^2\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=3\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x-y\right)^2\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(3x+3y-2x+2y\right)\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+5y\right)\)
a) Ta có: \(x^2-y^2-2x-2y\)
\(=\left(x-y\right)\left(x+y\right)-2\left(x+y\right)\)
\(=\left(x+y\right)\left(x-y-2\right)\)
b) Ta có: \(x^2\left(x+2y\right)-x-2y\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x^2-1\right)\)
\(=\left(x+2y\right)\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\)