1.Cho a>0,b>0
CMR: \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
Ta chứng minh BĐT sau với các số dương:
\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)
Thật vậy, BĐT tương đương: \(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)
Áp dụng:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\) ; \(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(2\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}+\dfrac{4}{b+c}+\dfrac{4}{c+a}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\)
b.
Ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}\Rightarrow\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}\ge\dfrac{12}{a+b}\) (1)
\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\ge\dfrac{4}{b+c}\Rightarrow\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\ge\dfrac{8}{b+c}\) (2)
\(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{c+a}\) (3)
Cộng vế với vế (1); (2) và (3):
\(\dfrac{4}{a}+\dfrac{5}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\ge4\left(\dfrac{3}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{c+a}\right)\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
\(\frac{1}{1+a^2}+\frac{1}{1+b^2}\ge\frac{2}{1+ab}\Leftrightarrow\frac{2+a^2+b^2}{\left(1+a^2+b^2+a^2b^2\right)}\ge\frac{2}{1+ab}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1+ab\right)\left(2+a^2+b^2\right)\ge2a^2b^2+2a^2+2b^2+2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ab\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)-\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(ab-1\right)\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)
b/ \(\frac{1}{1+a^4}+\frac{1}{1+b^4}+\frac{2}{1+b^4}\ge\frac{2}{1+a^2b^2}+\frac{2}{1+b^4}\ge\frac{4}{1+ab^3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{1+a^4}+\frac{3}{1+b^4}\ge\frac{4}{1+ab^3}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự: \(\frac{1}{1+b^4}+\frac{3}{1+c^4}\ge\frac{4}{1+bc^3}\); \(\frac{1}{1+c^4}+\frac{3}{1+a^4}\ge\frac{4}{1+a^3c}\)
Cộng vế với vế ta có đpcm
a)Áp dụng BĐT cosi-schwart:
`A=1/a+1/b+1/c>=9/(a+b+c)`
Mà `a+b+c<=3/2`
`=>A>=9:3/2=6`
Dấu "=" `<=>a=b=c=1/2`
b)Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
`a+1/(4a)>=1`
`b+1/(4b)>=1`
`c+1/(4c)>=1`
`=>a+b+c+1/(4a)+1/(4b)+1/(4c)>=3`
Ta có:
`1/a+1/b+1/c>=6`(Ở câu a)
`=>3/4(1/a+1/b+1/c)>=9/2`
`=>a+b+c+1/(a)+1/(b)+1/(c)>=3+9/2=15/2`
Dấu "=" `<=>a=b=c=1/2`
a)Áp dụng BĐT cosi-schwart:
A=1a+1b+1c≥9a+b+cA=1a+1b+1c≥9a+b+c
Mà a+b+c≤32a+b+c≤32
⇒A≥9:32=6⇒A≥9:32=6
Dấu "=" ⇔a=b=c=12⇔a=b=c=12
b)Áp dụng BĐT cosi:
a+14a≥1a+14a≥1
b+14b≥1b+14b≥1
c+14c≥1c+14c≥1
⇒a+b+c+14a+14b+14c≥3⇒a+b+c+14a+14b+14c≥3
Ta có:
1a+1b+1c≥61a+1b+1c≥6(Ở câu a)
⇒34(1a+1b+1c)≥92⇒34(1a+1b+1c)≥92
⇒a+b+c+1a+1b+1c≥3+92=152⇒a+b+c+1a+1b+1c≥3+92=152
Dấu "=" ⇔a=b=c=12
ta có (a-b)2>=0
nên a2+b2>=2ab
suy ra a2+b2+2ab>=4ab
(a+b)2>=4ab
\(\frac{a+b}{ab}>=\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}>=\frac{4}{ab}\)
Câu 2)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{b+1+a+1}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)\left(b+1\right)}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{\left(a+1\right)b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+b+a+1}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
Ta có \(a+b=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{3}{ab+2}\ge\frac{4}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\ge4\left(ab+2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow9\ge4ab+8\)
\(\Rightarrow1\ge4ab\)
Do \(a+b=1\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (đpcm )
Câu 3)
Ta có \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge9\)
Mà \(a+b+c=1\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a+b+c}{a}+\frac{a+b+c}{b}+\frac{a+b+c}{c}\ge9\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cô-si
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}a+b+c\ge3\sqrt[3]{abc}\\\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\sqrt[3]{abc}\sqrt[3]{\frac{1}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9.\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{abc}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge9\) (điều này luôn luôn đúng)
\(\Rightarrow\) ĐPCM
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\frac{b}{ab}+\frac{a}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\left(đpcm\right)\)
\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) \(\left(ĐK:a>0;b>0\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+b}{ab}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b\right)\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2\ge4ab\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+2ab+b^2-4ab\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\) (BĐT luôn đúng)
Vậy \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)