\(0< x,y,z\le1;x+y+z=2.\) tìm gtnn:
\(\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{z}+\frac{\left(y-1\right)^2}{x}+\frac{\left(z-1\right)^2}{y}\)
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Ta có:
\(-1\le x\le1;-1\le y\le1;-1\le z\le1\Leftrightarrow x^2;y^2;z^2\le1\) (1)
Trong 3 số \(x;y;z\)có ít nhất 2 số cùng dấu(giả xử là \(x;y\)) ta có: \(xy\ge0\Rightarrow2xy\ge0\)(2)
\(x^2+y^4+z^6=x^2+y^2.y^2+z^2.z^2.z^2\le x^2+y^2+z^2\)(3)
ta sẽ chứng minh:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\le2\) ta có:
\(x^2+y^2+z^2\le x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy\)(từ (2) )
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\le\left(x+y\right)^2+z^2=\left(-z\right)^2+z^2=2z^2\le2\)(từ (1) )
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^4+z^6\le2\left(đpcm\right)\)(từ (3) )
Ta có:
−1≤x≤1;−1≤y≤1;−1≤z≤1⇔x2;y2;z2≤1 (1)
Trong 3 số x;y;zcó ít nhất 2 số cùng dấu(giả xử là x;y) ta có: xy≥0⇒2xy≥0(2)
x2+y4+z6=x2+y2.y2+z2.z2.z2≤x2+y2+z2(3)
ta sẽ chứng minh:
x2+y2+z2≤2 ta có:
x2+y2+z2≤x2+y2+z2+2xy(từ (2) )
⇒x2+y2+z2≤(x+y)2+z2=(−z)2+z2=2z2≤2(từ (1) )
⇒x2+y4+z6≤2(đpcm)(từ (3) )
..
\(Do\)\(x;y\le1\Rightarrow x\ge xy\Rightarrow x-xy\ge0\)
Tương tự cộng vào đc ... >=0
Xét \(\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1-\left(x+y+x\right)+\left(xy+yz+zx\right)-xyz\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z-xy-yz-zx\le1-xyz\le1\)
vì trong 3 số x,y,z có ít nhất là 2 số cùng dấu
giả sử \(x,y\le0\)\(\Rightarrow z=-\left(x+y\right)\ge0\)
Mà \(-1\le x,y,z\le1\)nên \(x^2\le\left|x\right|;y^4\le\left|y\right|;z^6\le\left|z\right|\)
\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^4+z^6\le\left|x\right|+\left|y\right|+\left|z\right|=-x-y+z=-\left(x+y\right)+z=2z\le2\)
Dấu " = " xảy ra chẳng hạn x = 0 ; y = -1; z = 1
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Có \(x\ge xy;y\ge yz;z\ge xz\)
=>\(x-xy\ge0;y-yz\ge0;z-xz\ge0\)
=>\(x+y+z-xy-yz-xz\ge0\left(1\right)\)
Xét \(\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)=-\left(x+y+z-xy-yz-xz+xyz-1\right)\ge0\)
=>\(x+y+z-xy-yz-xz\le1-xyz\)
Mà \(0\le xyz\le1=>1-xyz\le1=>x+y+z-xy-yz-xz\le1\left(2\right)\)
Từ (1),(2) có đpcm
\(0\le x,y,z\le1\) nên \(\left(x,y,z\right)=\left(0,0,0\right);\left(0,0,1\right);\left(0,1,0\right);\left(1,0,0\right);\left(1,0,1\right);\left(0,1,1\right);\left(1,1,1\right);\left(1,1,0\right)\)
thay các giá trị trên vào bt \(x+y+z-xy-yz-xz\) đều thấy t/mãn nó \(\le1\)
ko chắc vì đề chưa cho x,y,z nguyên
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Đặt \(Q=x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge x+y+z+\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(=x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{8}{x+y+z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si có :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)+\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}}=2\)
Do \(x+y+z\le1\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{x+y+z}\ge8\)
Do đó : \(Q\ge8+2=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge x+y+z+\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(VT\ge x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{8}{x+y+z}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}}+\dfrac{8}{1}=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Ta có
x + y + z - xy - yz - xz \(\le1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-x\right)+\left(xy-y\right)+\left(yz-xyz\right)+\left(xz-z\right)+xyz\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y-z+yz\right)+xyz\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-x\right)\left(\left(1-y\right)+\left(-z+yz\right)\right)+xyz\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-x\right)\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)+xyz\ge0\)
Đúng vì theo đề ta có: \(\hept{\begin{cases}1-x\ge0\\1-y\ge0\\1-z\ge0\end{cases}}\)và \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge0\\y\ge0\\z\ge0\end{cases}}\)
Vậy ta có ĐPCM
ap dung bdt cauchy schwarz ta co
\(\frac{\left(x-1\right)^2}{z}+\frac{\left(y-1\right)^2}{x}+\frac{\left(z-1\right)^2}{y}>=\frac{\left(x-1+z-1+y-1\right)^2}{x+y+z}=\frac{1}{2}\)
vay min=1/2