\(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{18}{3^{18}}\)
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\(A=\dfrac{19+\dfrac{18}{2}+\dfrac{17}{3}+\dfrac{16}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{19}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}}\)
Biến đổi tử số
\(19+\dfrac{18}{2}+\dfrac{17}{3}+\dfrac{16}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{19}\)
= 1 + \(\left(1+\dfrac{18}{2}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{17}{3}\right)+\left(1+\dfrac{16}{4}\right)+...+\left(1+\dfrac{1}{19}\right)\)
= \(\dfrac{20}{20}+\dfrac{20}{2}+\dfrac{20}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{19}\)
= 20 x \(\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{20}\right)\)
Vậy \(A=\dfrac{19+\dfrac{18}{2}+\dfrac{17}{3}+\dfrac{16}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{19}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}}\)
= \(\dfrac{20\times\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{20}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}}=20\)
Vậy A = 20
\(\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{1}{5}=\dfrac{2+1}{5}=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
\(\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{5}{3}=\dfrac{2+5}{3}=\dfrac{7}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{3}{8}+\dfrac{4}{8}=\dfrac{3+4}{8}=\dfrac{7}{8}\)
\(\dfrac{6}{9}+\dfrac{2}{9}=\dfrac{6+2}{9}=\dfrac{8}{9}\)
\(\dfrac{12}{18}+\dfrac{7}{18}=\dfrac{12+7}{18}=\dfrac{19}{18}\)
\(\dfrac{7}{4}+\dfrac{2}{4}=\dfrac{7+2}{4}=\dfrac{9}{4}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{19}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{18}+1\right)+...+\left(\dfrac{18}{2}+1\right)+1}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{20}{18}+...+\dfrac{20}{2}+\dfrac{20}{20}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}}=20\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{2}{18}+...+\dfrac{19}{1}=\left(\dfrac{1}{19}+1\right)+\left(\dfrac{2}{18}+1\right)+...+1\)
\(=\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{20}{18}+...+\dfrac{20}{2}+\dfrac{20}{20}=20\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}\right)\)
Thế lại bài toán ta được
\(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{2}{18}+...+\dfrac{19}{1}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}}=\dfrac{20\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}}=20\)
Ta có
\(\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{2}{18}+\dfrac{3}{17}+...+\dfrac{19}{1}\\ =\dfrac{1}{19}+1+\dfrac{2}{18}+1+\dfrac{3}{17}+1+...+\dfrac{19}{1}+1-19\\ =\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{20}{18}+\dfrac{20}{17}+...+\dfrac{20}{1}-19\\ =\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{20}{18}+...+\dfrac{20}{2}+20-19\\ =\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{20}{18}+\dfrac{20}{17}+...+\dfrac{20}{2}+1+19-19\\ =\dfrac{20}{20}+\dfrac{20}{19}+\dfrac{20}{18}+...+\dfrac{20}{2}\\ =20\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{18}+...+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\)
Thế vào ta có:
\(\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{2}{18}+\dfrac{3}{17}+...+\dfrac{19}{1}}{\dfrac{1}{2}+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{4}+...+\dfrac{1}{20}}\\ =\dfrac{20\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{18}+...+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{20}+\dfrac{1}{19}+\dfrac{1}{18}+...+\dfrac{1}{2}}\\ =20\)
\(\dfrac{15}{12}+\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{3}{12}-\dfrac{18}{13}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{15}{12}-\dfrac{3}{12}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{18}{13}\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=-1+1-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=0-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{-1}{3}\)
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\(14.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{6}{5}:\left(-\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\)
\(=14.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{6}{5}.\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
\(=21+\dfrac{6}{5}.\dfrac{-5}{2}\)
\(=21+\left(-3\right)\)
\(=18\)
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\(\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{3}-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{2}{3}-\dfrac{1}{9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{12}+\dfrac{8}{12}-\dfrac{1}{9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{11}{12}-\dfrac{1}{9}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{99}{108}-\dfrac{12}{108}}\)
\(=\sqrt{\dfrac{29}{36}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{29}}{6}\)
\(\dfrac{15}{12}+\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{3}{12}-\dfrac{18}{13}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\dfrac{5}{4}+\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{1}{4}-\dfrac{18}{13}-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{5}{4}-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{13}-\dfrac{18}{13}\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(=1+\left(-1\right)-\dfrac{1}{3}=0-\dfrac{1}{3}=-\dfrac{1}{3}\)
1: Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-4}{3}+2x=\dfrac{4x-2}{6}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x-8+12x=4x-2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow10x=6\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{3}{5}\)
2: Ta có: \(\dfrac{5x-2}{5}-2=\dfrac{1-2x}{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow15x-6-30=10-20x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow35x=46\)
hay \(x=\dfrac{46}{35}\)
3: Ta có: \(\dfrac{x-2}{2}-\dfrac{2}{3}=x-1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x-6-4=6x-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-3x=4\)
hay \(x=-\dfrac{4}{3}\)
Lời giải:
Đặt \(A=1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{2}{3^2}+\frac{3}{3^3}+...+\frac{18}{3^{18}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 3A=3+1+\frac{2}{3}+\frac{3}{3^2}+...+\frac{18}{3^{17}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 3A-A=3+\frac{2-1}{3}+\frac{3-2}{3^2}+\frac{4-3}{3^3}+..+\frac{18-17}{3^{17}}-\frac{18}{3^{18}}\)
\(2A=3+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+...+\frac{1}{3^{17}}-\frac{18}{3^{18}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 6A=9+1+\frac{1}{3}+\frac{1}{3^2}+..+\frac{1}{3^{16}}-\frac{18}{3^{17}}\)
\(\Rightarrow 6A-2A=7-\frac{18}{3^{17}}-\frac{1}{3^{17}}+\frac{18}{3^{18}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow 4A=7+\frac{18}{3^{18}}-\frac{19}{3^{17}}=7-\frac{39}{3^{18}}\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\frac{1}{4}\left(7-\frac{39}{3^{18}}\right)\)