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21 tháng 3 2021

Dễ dàng chứng minh được: 

\(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}\ge\frac{4}{x+y}\)với \(x,y>0\)(1)

Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y>0\)

Ta có:

\(\frac{a}{bc\left(a+1\right)}=\frac{a}{abc+bc}=\frac{a}{ab+bc+ca+bc}=\frac{a}{\left(ab+bc\right)+\left(bc+ca\right)}\)

Áp dụng (1), ta được:

\(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{bc+ca}\ge\frac{4}{\left(ab+bc\right)+\left(bc+ca\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{4\left(ab+bc\right)}+\frac{1}{4\left(bc+ca\right)}\ge\frac{1}{ab+bc+bc+ca}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{bc+ca}\right)\ge\frac{a}{ab+bc+bc+ca}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{bc+ca}\right)\ge\frac{a}{bc\left(a+1\right)}\left(2\right)\)

Dấu bằng xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow b=c>0\)

Chúng minh tương tự, ta được:

\(\frac{b}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+ca}+\frac{1}{bc+ca}\right)\ge\frac{b}{ca\left(b+1\right)}\left(3\right)\)

Dấu bằng xảu ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=c>0\).

\(\frac{c}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ac+ab}+\frac{1}{ab+bc}\right)\ge\frac{c}{ab\left(c+1\right)}\left(4\right)\)

Từ (2), (3) và (4), ta được:

\(\frac{a}{bc\left(a+1\right)}+\frac{b}{ca\left(b+1\right)}+\frac{c}{ab\left(c+1\right)}\le\)\(\frac{a}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{bc+ac}\right)+\frac{b}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ac+bc}+\frac{1}{ac+ab}\right)\)\(+\frac{c}{4}\left(\frac{1}{ab+bc}+\frac{1}{ab+ac}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4}.\left(\frac{a}{ab+bc}+\frac{c}{ab+bc}\right)+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{a}{bc+ac}+\frac{b}{bc+ac}\right)\)\(+\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{b}{ab+ac}+\frac{c}{ab+ac}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{a+c}{4\left(ab+bc\right)}+\frac{a+b}{4\left(bc+ac\right)}+\frac{b+c}{4\left(ab+ac\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{a+c}{4b\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+b}{4c\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{b+c}{4a\left(b+c\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4b}+\frac{1}{4c}+\frac{1}{4a}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\le\frac{1}{4}.\frac{abc}{abc}=\frac{1}{4}.1=\frac{1}{4}\)( vì \(ab+bc+ca=abc\))

Dấu bằng xảy ra

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}a=b=c>0\\ab+bc+ca=abc\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)

Vậy \(minP=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=3\)

31 tháng 10 2018

\(A=\frac{ab}{a+c+b+c}+\frac{bc}{a+b+a+c}+\frac{ca}{a+b+b+c}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}+\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}+\frac{ca}{a+b}+\frac{ca}{b+c}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{4}\)

Nên max A là \(\frac{1}{4}\) khi \(a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)

13 tháng 8 2017

Theo BĐT \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\) ta có:

\(\frac{ab}{c+1}=\frac{ab}{a+c+b+c}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ab}{a+c}+\frac{ab}{b+c}\right)\)

Tương tự ta cũng có các BĐT sau:

\(\frac{bc}{a+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{bc}{a+b}+\frac{bc}{a+c}\right);\frac{ca}{b+1}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{ac}{a+b}+\frac{ac}{b+c}\right)\)

Cộng theo vế các BĐT cùng dấu có:

\(Q\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{c\left(a+b\right)}{a+b}+\frac{a\left(b+c\right)}{b+c}+\frac{b\left(c+a\right)}{c+a}\right)\)

\(=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c\right)=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b+c=1\right)\)

Khi a=b=c=1/3

13 tháng 7 2019

Cần chứng minh: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)\)

Thật vậy: \(\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}\ge\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)^2\Leftrightarrow4\left(a^2-ab+b^2\right)\ge\left(a+b\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2-4ab+4b^2-a^2-b^2-2ab\ge0\Leftrightarrow3\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)\ge0\Leftrightarrow3\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)

Áp dụng:\(P=\frac{1}{\sqrt{a^2-ab+b^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{b^2-bc+c^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{c^2-ac+a^2}}\)

\(\le\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{1}{\frac{1}{2}\left(c+a\right)}=2\left(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{a+c}\right)=3\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(a=b=c=1\)

30 tháng 5 2016

Áp dụng :

\(a^2-ab+b^2=\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\frac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)