1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^14 chia hết cho 31
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Có A=2+22+23+...+215
=> A = ( 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + 25 ) + ... + ( 211 + 212 + 213 + 214+215 )
=> A = 2 . ( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 ) + ... + 211 . ( 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 )
=> S = 2 . 31 + ... + 211. 31
=> S = 31 . ( 2 + .. + 211 ) \(⋮\) 31
Vậy S chia hết cho 31 ( đpcm )
Bài 1:
$A=2^1+2^2+2^3+2^4$
$2A=2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5$
$\Rightarrow 2A-A=2^5-2^1$
$\Rightarrow A=2^5-1=32-1=31$
----------------------------
$B=3^1+3^2+3^3+3^4$
$3B=3^2+3^3+3^4+3^5$
$\Rightarrow 3B-B = 3^5-3$
$\Rightarrow 2B = 3^5-3\Rightarrow B = \frac{3^5-3}{2}$
--------------------------
$C=5^1+5^2+5^3+5^4$
$5C=5^2+5^3+5^4+5^5$
$\Rightarrow 5C-C=5^5-5$
$\Rightarrow C=\frac{5^5-5}{4}$
1) \(1+4+4^2+4^3+...+4^{2012}\)
\(=\left(1+4+4^2\right)+\left(4^3+4^4+4^5\right)+...+\left(4^{2010}+4^{2011}+4^{2012}\right)\)
\(=21+21\cdot4^3+...+21\cdot4^{2010}\)
\(=21\cdot\left(1+4^3+...+4^{2010}\right)\) chia hết cho 21
2) \(1+7+7^2+7^3+...+7^{101}\)
\(=\left(1+7\right)+\left(7^2+7^3\right)+...+\left(7^{100}+7^{101}\right)\)
\(=8+8\cdot7^2+...8\cdot7^{100}\)
\(=8\cdot\left(1+7^2+...+7^{100}\right)\) chia hết cho 8
3) CM chia hết cho 5:
\(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+...+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^3\right)+\left(2^2+2^4\right)+...+\left(2^{98}+2^{100}\right)\)
\(=5\cdot2+5\cdot2^2+...+5\cdot2^{98}\)
\(=5\cdot\left(2+2^2+...+2^{98}\right)\) chia hết cho 5
CM chia hết cho 31:
\(2+2^2+2^3+...+2^{100}\)
\(=\left(2+2^2+2^3+2^4+2^5\right)+...+\left(2^{96}+2^{97}+2^{98}+2^{99}+2^{100}\right)\)
\(=2\cdot31+...+2^{96}\cdot31\)
\(=31\cdot\left(2+...+2^{96}\right)\) chia hết cho 31
Ta có :
\(P=1+2+2^2+.........................+2^{14}\)
\(\Rightarrow P=\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+........+\left(2^9+...+2^{14}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2\left(1+2+....+2^4\right)+.....+2^{10}\left(1+2+...+2^4\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P=2.31+......+2^{10}.31\)
\(\Rightarrow P=31\left(2+...+2^{10}\right)⋮31\)
\(\rightarrowđpcm\)
Ta có:
P=1+2+22+23+...+213+214
=(1+2+22+23+24)+(25+26+27+28+29)+(210+211+212+213+214)
=31+25(1+2+22+23+24)+210(1+2+22+23+24)=31+25.31+210.31\(⋮\)31
a)đặt tên biểu thức là C . Ta có :
C = 1 + 4 + 42 + 43 + ... + 42012
C = ( 1 + 4 + 42 ) + ( 43 + 44 + 45 ) + ... + ( 42010 + 42011 + 42012 )
C = 21 + 43 . ( 1 + 4 + 42 ) + ... + 42010 . ( 1 + 4 + 42 )
C = 21 + 43 . 21 + ... + 42010 . 21
C = 21 . ( 1 + 43 + ... + 42010 )
=> C chia hết cho 21
b) đặt tên biểu thức là B . Ta có :
B = 1 + 7 + 72 + ... + 7101
B = ( 1 + 7 ) + ( 72 + 73 ) + ... + ( 7100 + 7101 )
B = 8 + 72 . ( 1 + 7 ) + ... + 7100. ( 1 + 7 )
B = 8 + 72 . 8 + ... + 7100 . 8
B = 8 . ( 1 + 72 + ... + 7100 )
=> B chia hết cho 8
tương tự
1 A= 2^2+2^2+2^3+...+2^20
A= 2*2^2+2^3+...+2^20
A=2^3+2^3+...+2^20
tương tự vậy A=2^21 ( cố hiểu làm hơi tắt)
\(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4+....+2^{14}\)
\(=\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+\left(2^5+2^6+2^7+2^8+2^9\right)+\left(2^{10}+2^{11}+2^{12}+2^{13}+2^{14}\right)\)
\(=\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^5\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)+2^{10}\left(1+2+2^2+2^3+2^4\right)\)
\(=\left(1+2+2^3+2^4\right)\left(1+2^5+2^{10}\right)\)
\(=31\left(1+2^5+2^{10}\right)\)\(⋮\)\(31\)
Đặt A = 1 + 2 + 22 + 23 + ... + 214
=> 2A = 2 + 22 + 23 + 24 + ... + 215
=> 2A - A = 215 + 214 + ... + 23 + 22 + 2 - 1 - 2 - 22 - ... - 214
=> A = 215 - 1
=> A = ( 25 )3 - 1
=> A = 323 - 13
Áp dụng hằng đẳng thức a3 - b3 = ( a - b ) ( a2 + ab + b2 )
=> A = ( 32 - 1 ) ( 322 + 32 + 1 )
=> A = 31 . ( 322 + 33 ) chia hết cho 31