Cho x,y,z≠0 thoả mãn 6x=3y=2z
CMR:(x+y+z)(1/x+4/y+9/z)2=36
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Áp dụng bất đẳng thức\(\left(a+b\right)^2>=4ab\)
Ta có
2P=(2x+4y+6z)(6x+3y+2z) <= (8(x+y+z)-y)^2/4 <= ((8-y)^2)/4 <= (8^2)/4= 16
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=1/2; y=0;z=1/2
Do đó max P=8 khi x=1/2;y=0;z=1/2
Ta có:\(x:y:z=1:2:3\Rightarrow x=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{z}{3}\).Đặt \(x=\frac{y}{2}=\frac{z}{3}=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=k\\y=2k\\z=3k\end{cases}}\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{4}{y}+\frac{9}{z}\right)=\left(k+2k+3k\right)\left(\frac{1}{k}+\frac{4}{2k}+\frac{9}{3k}\right)\)
\(=6k.\left(\frac{1}{k}+\frac{2}{k}+\frac{3}{k}\right)=6k.\frac{6}{k}=36\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz:
\(\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+x}\ge\dfrac{16}{3x+3y+2z}\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3x+2y+2z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{2}{x+y}+\dfrac{1}{y+z}+\dfrac{1}{z+x}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sum\dfrac{1}{3x+2y+2z}\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left(\dfrac{4}{x+y}+\dfrac{4}{y+z}+\dfrac{4}{z+x}\right)=\dfrac{4}{16}\cdot6=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(VT=6\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+10\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)
\(=6\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+2\frac{9}{2x+y+z+x+2y+z+x+y+2z}\)
\(\ge6\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+2\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)
\(=\: 6\cdot\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2}{3}+2\cdot\frac{9}{4\cdot\frac{3}{4}}=9\)
Lời giải:
BĐT \(\Leftrightarrow (9+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2)(xy+yz+xz)\geq 36xyz(*)\)
Thật vậy, áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:
\(9+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2=1+1+...+1+x^2y^2+y^2z^2+z^2x^2\geq 12\sqrt[12]{x^4y^4z^4}\)
\(xy+yz+xz\geq 3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}\)
Nhân theo vế ta có BĐT $(*)$ luôn đúng
Do đó ta có đpcm.
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $x=y=z=1$
\(1=2\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{xz}\le x+y+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+z\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(3x+2y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow3x+2y+z\ge2\)
BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:
\(\dfrac{5xy}{z}+\dfrac{4xz}{y}+\dfrac{3yz}{x}\ge4\)
Ta có:
\(VT=3\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{xz}{y}\right)+2\left(\dfrac{xy}{z}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{xz}{y}+\dfrac{yz}{x}\right)\)
\(VT\ge3.2\sqrt{\dfrac{x^2yz}{yz}}+2.2\sqrt{\dfrac{xy^2z}{xz}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{xyz^2}{xy}}=2\left(3x+2y+z\right)\ge2.2=4\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Có \(\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}=\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x+y+2z}}\)\(=\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{\left(1+1+2\right)\left(x+y+2z\right)}}\)\(\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+2\sqrt{z}}\) (theo bunhia dưới mẫu)\(\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{xy}}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\dfrac{xy}{x+y+2z}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}\right)\)
Tương tự cũng có:
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{yz}{y+z+2x}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{x}}\right)\)
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{zx}{z+x+2y}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{z}+\sqrt{y}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế ta được:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{yz}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}+\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{z}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{yz}+\sqrt{zx}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{z}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{9}\)
6x=3y=2z nên 6x/6=3y/6=2z/6
=>x/1=y/2=z/3=k
=>x=k; y=2k; z=3k
\(\left(x+y+z\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{4}{y}+\dfrac{9}{z}\right)^2\)
\(=\left(k+2k+3k\right)\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{k}+\dfrac{4}{2k}+\dfrac{9}{3k}\right)^2\)
\(=6k\cdot\left(\dfrac{1}{k}+\dfrac{2}{k}+\dfrac{3}{k}\right)^2=6k\cdot\dfrac{36}{k^2}=\dfrac{6}{k}\)