Cho x+y=2. CMR: x4+y4\(\ge\) 2
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\(\left(x+y+z\right)^2=x^2+y^2+z^2+2xy+2yz+2xz\) Thay x+y+z=0 vào
\(\Rightarrow0=x^2+y^2+z^2+2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2=-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)\) (1)
Ta có
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=x^4+y^4+z^4+2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2x^2z^2\) (2)
Bình phương 2 vế của (1)
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=4\left(xy+yz+xz\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=4\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+x^2z^2+2xy^2z+2xyz^2+2x^2yz\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=4\left[x^2y^2+y^2z^2+x^2z^2+2xyz\left(x+y+z\right)\right]\)
Do x+y+z=0 nên
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=4\left(x^2y^2+y^2z^2+x^2z^2\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2}=2x^2y^2+2y^2z^2+2x^2z^2\) (3)
Thay (3) vào (2)
\(\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2=x^4+y^4+z^4+\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4+z^4\right)=\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2\) (đpcm)
\(P=\left(x^4+y^4+\dfrac{1}{256}+\dfrac{255}{256}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^4}+\dfrac{1}{y^4}+1\right)\)
\(P=\left(x^4+y^4+\dfrac{1}{256}\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^4}+\dfrac{1}{y^4}+1\right)+\dfrac{255}{256}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^4}+\dfrac{1}{y^4}+1\right)\)
\(P\ge\left(\dfrac{x^2}{x^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{16}\right)^2+\dfrac{255}{256}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)^2+1\right)\)
\(P\ge\left(\dfrac{33}{16}\right)^2+\dfrac{255}{256}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)^2\right)^2+1\right)\)
\(P\ge\left(\dfrac{33}{16}\right)^2+\dfrac{255}{256}\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\left(\dfrac{4}{x+y}\right)^4+1\right)\ge\left(\dfrac{33}{16}\right)^2+\dfrac{255}{256}\left(\dfrac{4^4}{8}+1\right)=\dfrac{297}{8}\)
\(P_{min}=\dfrac{297}{8}\) khi \(x=y=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
+ x+y=2 ta có bảng
x | 0 | 1 | 2 |
y | 2 | 1 | 0 |
+khi x=0, y=2 ta có BPT 04 + 24 >= 2
+ khi x= 1, y=1 ta có BPT 14 + 14 >=2
+ khi x = 2, y=0 ta có BPT 24 + 04 >=2
Nên x4 + y4 >=2
Lời giải:
$x^3+y^3=(x+y)^3-3xy(x+y)=2^3-3xy.2=8-6xy$
$=8-3.2xy=8-3[(x+y)^2-(x^2+y^2)]=8-3(2^2-34)=98$
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$x^4+y^4=(x^2+y^2)^2-2x^2y^2=34^2-\frac{1}{2}(2xy)^2$
$=34^2-\frac{1}{2}[(x+y)^2-(x^2+y^2)]^2=34^2-\frac{1}{2}(2^2-34)^2=706$
Áp dụng BĐT Cauhy-Schwarz ta có:
\(A=x^4+y^4+z^4\ge\frac{\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)^2}{3}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(\frac{x+y+z}{3}\right)^2}{3}=\frac{\frac{1}{9}}{3}=\frac{1}{27}\)
Xảy ra khi x=y=z=1/3
\(A=x^4+y^4=\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-2x^2y^2\)
\(=\left[\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy\right]^2-2x^2y^2\)
\(=\left[\left(-3\right)^2-2.\left(-5\right)\right]^2-2\left(-5\right)^2=311\)
C1:Áp dụng bất đẳng thức AM-GM, ta có:
\(x^4+1+1+1\ge4x\)
\(y^4+1+1+1\ge4y\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4+y^4\ge4\left(x+y\right)-6=2\)
\(\Rightarrow x^4+y^4\ge2\)(dấu "=" xảy ra <=>x=y=1)
C2:Ta có:\(\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2\ge0\Rightarrow x^4+y^4\ge2x^2y^2\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^4+y^4\right)\ge\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2\ge\left(\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2}{2}\right)^2=4>2\)
=>Điều phải chứng minh
Mink chỉ làm đc 2 cách này thôi !