Chứng minh:
a) Nếu \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\) thì \(a=b=c\)
b) Nếu \(a+b+c=2p\) thì \(\left(p-a\right)^2+\left(p-b\right)^2+\left(p-c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2-p^2\)
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a,
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)
b,
\(a+b+c=2p\Leftrightarrow p=\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(p-a\right)^2+\left(p-b\right)^2+\left(p-c\right)^2=3p^2-2pa-2pb-2pc+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(=3\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\right)^2-2\cdot\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\cdot a-2\cdot\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\cdot b-2\cdot\dfrac{a+b+c}{2}\cdot c+a^2+b^2+c^2\)
\(=3p^2-\left(a+b+c\right)^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=3p^2-4p^2+a^2+b^2+c^2=a^2+b^2+c^2-p^2\)
Có \(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=4\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-ac-bc\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ac+a^2-4a^2-4b^2-4c^2+4ab+4ac+4bc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-2a^2-2b^2-2c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)-\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)-\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(a-b\right)^2-\left(b-c\right)^2-\left(a-c\right)^2=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left(a-b\right)^2=0\\\left(b-c\right)^2=0\\\left(a-c\right)^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a-b=0\\b-c=0\\a-c=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\b=c\\a=c\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow a=b=c\left(đpcm\right)\)
@Ngọc Minh Dương
Cách tách ra là cách của người học toán mức TB
Đề bắt C/m nhé
VT=0 hiển nhiên
VP=\(3\left[\left(a^2-ab\right)+\left(b^2-bc\right)+\left(c^2-ca\right)\right]=3\left[a\left(a-b\right)+b\left(b-c\right)+c\left(c-a\right)\right]=3.\left[0+0+0\right]=3.0=0\)VT=VP=0
Lưu Hiền cái cách của bạn --> đúng cái đề này không cần hỏi >>> cái người hỏi cần cách làm bằng bộ não không phải làm = chân tay
Có :
\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\)
\(=a^2+b^2-2ab+b^2+c^2-2bc+c^2+a^2-2ac\)
\(=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ab\)
\(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ca\right)\)
\(=3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-3ab-3bc-3ac\)
\(\Rightarrow2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2bc-2ab=3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-3ab-3bc-3ac\)
Trừ cả 2 vế đi \(2a^2+2b^2+2c^2-2ab-2ac-2bc;\)có :
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-bc-ca-ac=0\)
\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-bc-ca-ac\right)=0.2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2-2ab\right)+\left(b^2+c^2-2bc\right)+\left(a^2+c^2-2ab\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2=0\)
Mà \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge0\\\left(b-c\right)^2\ge0\\\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow a-b=b-c=c-a=0\)
\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)
Vậy ...
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\Sigma a\right)^4\left(\Sigma a^4b^4\right)\left[\Sigma c^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2\right]\ge54^2\left(abc\right)^6\)
Giả sử \(c=\text{min}\left\{a,b,c\right\}\)và đặt \(a=c+u,b=c+v\) thì nhận được một BĐT hiển nhiên :P
Theo BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(c^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2+b^2\left(c^2+a^2\right)\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2\left[\left(a^2+b^2\right)\left(b^2+c^2\right)\left(c^2+a^2\right)\right]^2}\)
\(\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^264\left(abc\right)^4}=12\left(abc\right)^2\)
=> \(\sqrt{c^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2+b^2\left(a^2+c^2\right)^2}\ge2\sqrt{3}abc\)
Cũng theo BĐT AM-GM \(\left(ab\right)^4+\left(bc\right)^4+\left(ca\right)^4\ge3\sqrt[3]{\left(ab\right)^4\left(bc\right)^4\left(ca\right)^4}=3\left(abc\right)^2\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\)
=> \(\sqrt{\left(ab\right)^4+\left(bc\right)^4+\left(ca\right)^4}\ge\sqrt{3}\cdot abc\sqrt[3]{abc}\)và \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge9\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\)
=> \(\sqrt{c^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)^2+a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)^2+b^2\left(c^2+a^2\right)^2}\cdot\left(a+b+c\right)^2\cdot\sqrt{\left(ab\right)^4+\left(bc\right)^4+\left(ca\right)^4}\)
\(\ge2\sqrt{3}\left(abc\right)\cdot\sqrt{3}\left(abc\right)\sqrt[3]{abc}\cdot9\sqrt[3]{\left(abc\right)^2}\ge54\left(abc\right)^3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a=b=c