Giải phương trình sau:
\(\sqrt[3]{\left(4x\right)^2}+\sqrt[3]{21x}+27=0\)
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a) \(x^3-4x^2-5x+6=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-7x^2-9x+4+x^3+3x^2+4x+2=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(7x^2+9x-4\right)+\left(x+1\right)^3+x+1=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\) (*)
Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}=a;x+1=b\)
Khi đó (*) \(\Leftrightarrow-a^3+b^3+b=a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b-a\right).\left(b^2+ab+a^2+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow b=a\)
Hay \(x+1=\sqrt[3]{7x^2+9x-4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^3=7x^2+9x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-4x^2-6x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-4x^2-5x-x+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+x-1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\\x=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{5}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
1) \(\sqrt[]{9\left(x-1\right)}=21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)=21^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9\left(x-1\right)=441\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=49\Leftrightarrow x=50\)
2) \(\sqrt[]{1-x}+\sqrt[]{4-4x}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt[]{16-16x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}+\sqrt[]{4\left(1-x\right)}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt[]{16\left(1-x\right)}+5=0\)
\(\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}+2\sqrt[]{1-x}-\dfrac{4}{3}\sqrt[]{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}\left(1+3-\dfrac{4}{3}\right)+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}.\dfrac{8}{3}=-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{1-x}=-\dfrac{15}{8}\)
mà \(\sqrt[]{1-x}\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow pt.vô.nghiệm\)
3) \(\sqrt[]{2x}-\sqrt[]{50}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[]{2x}=\sqrt[]{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=50\Leftrightarrow x=25\)
1) \(\sqrt{9\left(x-1\right)}=21\) (ĐK: \(x\ge1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{x-1}=21\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-1=49\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=49+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=50\left(tm\right)\)
2) \(\sqrt{1-x}+\sqrt{4-4x}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{16-16x}+5=0\) (ĐK: \(x\le1\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{1-x}+2\sqrt{1-x}-\dfrac{4}{3}\sqrt{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}\sqrt{1-x}+5=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{3}\sqrt{1-x}=-5\) (vô lý)
Phương trình vô nghiệm
3) \(\sqrt{2x}-\sqrt{50}=0\) (ĐK: \(x\ge0\))
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x}=\sqrt{50}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x=50\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{50}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=25\left(tm\right)\)
4) \(\sqrt{4x^2+4x+1}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(2x+1\right)^2}=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|2x+1\right|=6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x+1=6\left(ĐK:x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\\2x+1=-6\left(ĐK:x< -\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=5\\2x=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{5}{2}\left(tm\right)\\x=-\dfrac{7}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
5) \(\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-3\right|=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-3=3-x\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+x=3+3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{6}{2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)
\(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2\left(y+3\right)\left(x-2\right)-\sqrt{2x+3}=0\left(1\right)\\4x-4\sqrt{\left(2x+3\right)}+x^3\sqrt{\left(y+3\right)^2}+9=0\left(2\right)\end{cases}}\)
Ta có:
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow x^2|y+3|=\frac{4\sqrt{2x+3}-4x-9}{x}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x^2\left(y+3\right)=\frac{4\sqrt{2x+3}-4x-9}{x}\left(3\right)\\x^2\left(y+3\right)=-\frac{4\sqrt{2x+3}-4x-9}{x}\left(4\right)\end{cases}}\)
Thế (3) vô (1) được
\(\frac{4\sqrt{2x+3}-4x-9}{x}.\left(x-2\right)-\sqrt{2x+3}=0\)
Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{2x+3}=a\ge0\\x=\frac{a^2-3}{2}\end{cases}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(4a-2\left(a^2-3\right)-9\right)\left(\frac{a^2-3}{2}-2\right)-a\left(\frac{a^2-3}{2}\right)=0\)
Làm đến đây thì thấy nó phương trình bậc 4 thôi bỏ. Phương trình bậc 4 giải tốn công. Xem như 1 hướng đi.
Xem lại đề là \(\left(x-2\right)\)hay \(\left(x+2\right)\)nhé. Nghiệm xấu quá.
\(\text{Δ}=\left(-\sqrt{2}+3\right)^2-4\cdot4\cdot\left(-3\sqrt{2}\right)\)
\(=11-6\sqrt{2}+48\sqrt{2}=37\sqrt{2}+11\)
=>Phương trình có hai nghiệm phân biệt là:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-3-\sqrt{37\sqrt{2}+11}}{8}\\x=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}-3+\sqrt{37\sqrt{2}+11}}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\\\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\dfrac{-11+\sqrt{73}}{6}\) ; \(\dfrac{-13-\sqrt{69}}{6}\)
ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3\sqrt{3}\left(x^2+4x+2\right)=\sqrt{x+8}\) (với \(x^2+4x+2\ge0\))
\(\Rightarrow27\left(x^2+4x+2\right)^2=x+8\)
\(\Leftrightarrow27x^4+216x^3+540x^2+431x+100=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x^2+11x+4\right)\left(9x^2+39x+25\right)=0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x^2+11x+4=0\\9x^2+39x+25=0\end{matrix}\right.\)
1. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{-3}{5}$
PT $\Leftrightarrow 5x+3=3-\sqrt{2}$
$\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{-\sqrt{2}}{5}$
2. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \sqrt{7}$
PT $\Leftrightarrow (\sqrt{x}-7)(\sqrt{x}+7)=4$
$\Leftrightarrow x-49=4$
$\Leftrightarrow x=53$ (thỏa mãn)
Đặt \(\sqrt[3]{x}=a\). Ta có:
4a\(^2\)+21a+27=0giải phương trình bậc hai