Thì hiện tại hoàn thành; khoảng thời gian; mốc thời gian; câu bình phẩm
The last time I saw John was in 1999.-> I haven’t …………..
I’ve never met a more intelligent boy than Peter. -> Peter is …….
We last met our old teacher 10 years ago.-> We haven’t …………
I started learning French 6 moths ago. -> I’ve……….
I’ve never been to London before.-> It’s the first …………..
The last time I played football was in July.-> I haven’t …………
He has collected stamps for five years. -> He started ………….
He is the most famous actor I’ve ever seen. -> I’ve ……..
He started working for this factory a year ago. ->He’s ……….
She left university two years ago. ->He’s ………………..
I haven’t heard him since August. -> The last time ……………
My father hasn’t been to Dalat for three years. ->The last time ……
My grand father hasn’t been to hospital before.-> This is the first time ….
They last visited me 5 years ago. -> They haven’t ……………
Jim will be 18 next week. -> It is Jim’s …………..
This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever tasted. -> I’ve …………
I haven’t seen my grand parents for one month.-> It’s ……….
I haven’t eaten this kind of food for two years. -> It is ………….
This story is more interesting than any story that I’ve ever read. -> This is ….
Peter began playing tennis three years ago. -> Peter has ……….
I’ve never read a more interesting novel than this. -> This is …….
We’ve never met a prettier than Lan. -> Lan is ……………..
We haven’t seen her for two years.-> We last ……….
We started cooking for the party 4 hours ago. -> We have ……….
Mât bao lâu để làm viêc gì
She typed the letter in 20 minutes. -> It ……………..
He had breakfast in about ten minutes. -> It ………..
Nam spends two hours a day doing his home work. -> it ………
He read the book in two weeks.-> It ……………
The students will do this test in 45 minutes. -> It ……………
We learn this after a long time. -> It’s …………………..
The flight to HCM city lasted two hours. -> It ……………..
She found the bill in several seconds. -> It …………
I had to spend two hours to finish my home work. -> It…………..
The doctor examined the patient in over 20minuter.
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Thì hiện tại đơn: I go to school everyday.
Hiện tại tiếp diễn: I am doing my homework.
Hiện tại hoàn thành: I have been to Nha Trang many time.
Quá khứ đơn: I visited my parent last week.
Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn: ...
Tương lai đơn: I will live in Da Lat in the future.
Thì hiện tại đơn ( Simple Present ) :
- She often listens to music
Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn ( Present Progressive ) :
- Vy is writing a letter at the moment
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành ( Present PerFect ) :
- They have studies Eglish sice 1999
Thì Qúa khứ đơn ( Past Simple ) :
- He never drank wine
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn ( Present PerFect Progressive ) :
- You have been smoking too much recently
Thì tương lai đơn ( Future Simple ) :
- She will return next week
~~Study Well ~~
2 have arrived
3 have surfed
4 has listened
5 has planted
6 have organised
7 has looked
8 have cared
9 have asked
TA mà:
+,S+P2(V-ed/v3)+o
-,s+didn't+Vm+o
?,did+s+Vm+o-yes,s+did/no,s+didn't
Câu khẳng định :
S + have/ has + V3
Câu phủ đinh :
S + have/ has not + V3
Câu nghi vấn sử dụng trợ động từ (Câu hỏi Yes/ No) :
Q: Have/ has + S + V3?
A: Yes, S + have/has + V3.
No, S + haven’t/hasn’t + V3.
Câu nghi vấn sử dụng từ hỏi bắt đầu bằng Wh- :
Wh- + have/ has + S + V3?
1 This is the first time I have eaten pizza
2 It has rained for an hour
3 We haven't been visited by her for five years
4 I haven't written to my uncle since July
5 This is the first time I have been to Chicago
Chúng ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành (Present perfect tense) để diễn tả sự việc đã xảy ra ở một thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ. Ở đây thời gian cụ thể không còn quan trọng nữa. Chúng ta không thể sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành chung với những cụm từ chỉ thời gian cụ thể như: yesterday, one year ago, last week, when I was a child, when I lived in Japan, at that moment, that day, one day, v.v. Chúng ta có thể sử dụng thì hiện tại hoàn thành chung với những cụm từ mang nghĩa thời gian không xác định như: ever, never, once, many times, several times, before, so far, already, yet, v.v.
Cách dùng
Chúng ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để nói về các sự việc vừa mới xảy ra và hậu quả của nó vẫn còn ảnh hưởng đến hiện tại:
- I've broken my watch so I don't know what time it is.
Tôi đã làm vỡ đồng hồ nên tôi không biết bây giờ là mấy giờ.
- They have cancelled the meeting.
Họ đã hủy buổi họp.
- She's taken my copy. I don't have one.
Cô ấy đã lấy bản của tôi. Tôi không có cái nào.
- The sales team has doubled its turnover.
Phòng kinh doanh đã tăng doanh số bán hàng lên gấp đôi.
Khi chúng ta nói về sự việc mới diễn ra gần đây, chúng ta thường dùng các từ như 'just' 'already' hay 'yet'.
- We've already talked about that.
Chúng ta đã nói về việc đó.
- She hasn't arrived yet.
Cô ấy vẫn chưa đến.
- I've just done it.
Tôi vừa làm việc đó.
- They've already met.
Họ đã gặp nhau.
- They haven't known yet.
Họ vẫn chưa biết.
- Have you spoken to him yet?
Anh đã nói chuyện với anh ta chưa?
- Have they got back to you yet?
Họ đã trả lời cho anh chưa?
Chúng ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để nói về sự việc xảy ra trong quá khứ và vẫn còn tiếp diễn ở hiện tại. Với cách dùng này, chúng ta sử dụng 'since' và 'for' để cho biết sự việc đã kéo dài bao lâu.
- I have been a teacher for more than ten years.
Tôi dạy học đã hơn 10 năm.
- We haven't seen Janine since Friday.
Chúng tôi đã không gặp Janine từ thứ Sáu.
- - How long have you been at this school?
- For 10 years/Since 2002.
- Anh công tác ở trường này bao lâu rồi?
- Được 10 năm rồi/Từ năm 2002.
Chúng ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành khi nói về trải nghiệm hay kinh nghiệm. Chúng ta thường dùng 'ever' và 'never' khi nói về kinh nghiệm.
- Have you ever been to Argentina?
Anh đã từng đến Argentina chưa?
- I think I have seen that movie before.
Tôi nghĩ trước đây tôi đã xem bộ phim đó.
- Has he ever talked to you about the problem?
Anh ấy có nói với anh về vấn đề này chưa?
- I've never met Jim and Sally.
Tôi chưa bao giờ gặp Jim và Sally.
- We've never considered investing in Mexico.
Chúng tôi chưa bao giờ xem xét việc đầu tư ở Mexico.
Chúng ta cũng có thể dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để nói về sự việc xảy ra và lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ:
- We've been to Singapore a lot over the last few years.
Những năm vừa qua, chúng tôi đi Singapre rất nhiều lần.
- She's done this type of project many times before.
Cô ấy đã làm loại dự án này rát nhiều lần.
- We've mentioned it to them on several occasions over the last six months.
Trong 6 tháng vừa rồi,, chúng tôi đã nhắc việc này với họ rất nhiều lần rồi.
- The army has attacked that city five times.
Quân đội đã tấn công thành phố đó 5 lần.
- I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this semester.
Tôi đã làm 4 bài kiểm tra và 5 bài thi trong học kỳ này.
- She has talked to several specialists about her problem, but nobody knows why she is sick.
Bà ấy đã nói với nhiều chuyên gia về vấn đề của bà, nhưng chưa ai tìm ra được nguyên nhân bà bị bệnh.
Cấu trúc
Câu khẳng định
- S+ have/has + V3 + (O)
* Ghi chú:
S: Chủ ngữ
V: Động từ
O: Tân ngữ
Ví dụ:
- I have spoken to him.
- I've been at this school for 10 years.
Câu phủ định
- S+ have not/has not + V3 + (O)
- S+ haven't/hasn't+ V3 + (O)
Ví dụ:
- I haven't spoken to him yet.
- I haven't ever been to Argentina.
Câu nghi vấn
- (Từ để hỏi) + have/has + S+ V3 + (O)?
Ví dụ:
- Have you spoken to him yet?
- How long have you been at this school?
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành (Present perfect tense) diễn tả một sự việc nào đó đã xảy ra ở thời điểm không xác định trong quá khứ hoặc sự việc đã xảy ra ở thời điểm không xác định trong qua khứ và vẫn còn ở hiện tại.
Ngoài ra, có thể dùng hiện tại hoàn thành để diễn ta một hành động xảy ra lặp đi lặp lại nhiều lần trong quá khứ.
- We've been to England a lot over the last few years. – Những năm vừa qua, chúng tôi đi Anh rất nhiều lần.
6. A hamburger has been eaten by me.
7. The present has been opened by me.
8. The book has not been read by them.
9. The parcel has not been sent by you.
10. The information had been received by the delegates by Monday.
11. His homework had been finished before she came.
12. The passage had been written by them.
13. Trees had been planted by them.
14. He had been told of the meeting by them.
15. A fight had been started.
16. The window had not been closed.
17. The paper had not been bought.
18. Had the problem been solved?
19. These pencil cases have been bought by Nina.
20. The reports have been written by him.
21. This film has been seen by Tom before.
22. The newspaper has been read by Nina.
23. Have these movies been seen by them yet?
24. The contract has been signed by me.
25. The tickets have been bought by these men.
6. A hamburger has been eaten by me.
7. The present has been opened by me.
8. The book has not been read by them.
9. The parcel has not been sent by you.
10. By Monday, the information had been received by the delegates.
11. His homework had been finished before she came.
12. The passage had been written by them.
13. Trees had been planted by them.
14. He had been told of the meeting by them.
15. A fight had been started by them.
16. The window had not been closed by me.
17. The paper had not been bought by them.
18. Had the problem been solved by her?
19. These pencil cases have been bought by Nina.
20. The reports have been written by him.
21. This film has been seen before by Tom.
22. The newspaper has been read by Nina.
23. These movies have not been seen yet by them.
24. The contract has been signed by me.
25. The tickets have been bought by these men.
1. HTĐ :
- I always miss you
- I use Internet just about every day.
2. HTHT :
- My car has been stolen.
- They' ve been married for nearly fifty years.
3. QKHT :
- Had they eaten breakfast before they went to school ?
- Yesterday, ....
+She rides her bike every morning (Hiện tại đơn)
+We haven’t met each other for a long time (Hiện tại hoàn thành)
+I met them after they had divorced. (Quá khứ hoàn thành)
+She was always singing all day. (Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
+ Had they been waiting for me when you met them?(Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn)
I. Bị động ở thì Hiện tại hoàn thành
1) Have you watched this film before?
=>Has this film been watched by you before?
2) They have decorated this room for hours.
=>this room has been decorated for hours.
3) They have added beatiful patterns on the Ao dai.
=>beatiful patterns have been added on the Ao dai.
4) They have finished the report.
=>the report has been finished
mk có bài này : hãy điền từ thích hợp
It’s Sunday morning . The Browns are sitting in (1)……… living room. They are talking (2)…….. the dinner this evening. David likes beef and Susan does ,too. He says that beef (3)……..good for children. Their father, Mr. Brown , prefer chicken to beef . He asks his wife to buy (4)…….. for him. Helen , their youngest daughter doesn’t want any meat .She would (5)……….. cakes and sweets. Mrs. Brown doesn’t like beef . She doesn’t like chicken, either. She likes fish, vegetables and fruit. She says that fish and vegetables (6)…………. good for old men and every body (7) ………. to eat fruit. At last they decide to go out (8)…….dinner (9)………..Mrs. Brown says that she can’t cook so(10)…………food for every body in the family.
hãy dịch ra tiếng việt trong 5 câu sau :
- If you see a friend without a smile , give him one of yours
- Aday without laughter is a day wasted
- Dont cry because it is over smlie because it happed
- I cried because T had no shoes to wear until T saw man who had no feet
- Donnot let is your dreams just be dreams
Bài 1: Chia động từ thì hiện tại hoàn thành
1, I (not work)………………haven't worked….. SINCE today.
2a, We (just buy).........have just bought...................a new lamp.
3, We (not/ plan)...........haven't planned...........our holiday yet.
4, Where (be/ you)………have you been………….since last year ?
5, He (ever/ write).................has ever written.............five letters.
6, She (not/ see)................hasn't seen...........him for a long time.
7, (be/ you)..............have you been.....................at school yet ?
8, School (not/ start).......... ……hasn't started……………....before
9, (he/never/ speak/)..............has he never spoken...............to his boss ? No, he (have/ not).............hasn't had..........the time yet.
The last time I saw John was in 1999.-> I haven’t seen John since 1999
I’ve never met a more intelligent boy than Peter. -> Peter is the most intelligent boy I have met
We last met our old teacher 10 years ago.-> We haven’t met our old teacher for 10 years
I started learning French 6 moths ago. -> I’ve learned french for ̉ months
I’ve never been to London before.-> It’s the first time I have been to london
The last time I played football was in July.-> I haven’t played football since july
He has collected stamps for five years. -> He started collecting stamps five years ago
He is the most famous actor I’ve ever seen. -> I’ve never seen a more famous actor than him
He started working for this factory a year ago. ->He’ve worked for this factory for a year
She left university two years ago. ->He’ve left university for 2 years
I haven’t heard him since August. -> The last time I heard him in august
My father hasn’t been to Dalat for three years. ->The last time I went to dalat three years ago
My grand father hasn’t been to hospital before.-> This is the first time I have been to hospital
They last visited me 5 years ago. -> They haven’t visited me for ̀ years
Jim will be 18 next week. -> It is Jim’s eighteenth birthday next week
This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever tasted. -> I’ve never tasted a more delicious cake than this one
I haven’t seen my grand parents for one month.-> It’s 2 months since I last saw my grandparents
I haven’t eaten this kind of food for two years. -> It is 2 years since I last ate this kind of food
This story is more interesting than any story that I’ve ever read. -> This is the most interesting story I have read
Peter began playing tennis three years ago. -> Peter has played tennis for three years
I’ve never read a more interesting novel than this. -> This is the most interesting novel i have read
We’ve never met a prettier than Lan. -> Lan is the prettiest we have met
We haven’t seen her for two years.-> We last saw her two years ago
We started cooking for the party 4 hours ago. -> We have cooked for the party for 4 hours
Mât bao lâu để làm viêc gì
She typed the letter in 20 minutes. -> It took her 20 minutes to type the letter
He had breakfast in about ten minutes. -> It took him about ten minutes to have breakfast
Nam spends two hours a day doing his home work. -> it took nam two hours a day to do his homework
He read the book in two weeks.-> It took him two weeks to read the book
The students will do this test in 45 minutes. -> It will take the students 45 minutes to do this test
We learn this after a long time. -> It takes uss a long time to learn this
The flight to HCM city lasted two hours. -> It took 2 hours to fly to HCM city
She found the bill in several seconds. -> It took her several seconds to find the bill
I had to spend two hours to finish my home work. -> It took me 2 hours finishing my homework
Thì hiện tại hoàn thành; khoảng thời gian; mốc thời gian; câu bình phẩm
The last time I saw John was in 1999
.-> I haven’t ……seen John since 1999……..
I’ve never met a more intelligent boy than Peter.
-> Peter is …the most intelligent boy I've ever met ….
We last met our old teacher 10 years ago.
-> We haven’t …met our old teacher for 10 years………
I started learning French 6 moths ago.
-> I’ve……learnt French for 6 moths….
I’ve never been to London before.
-> It’s the first …time I’ve been to London……..
The last time I played football was in July.
-> I haven’t …played football since July.………
He has collected stamps for five years.
-> He started ……collecting stamps five years ago. …….
He is the most famous actor I’ve ever seen.
-> I’ve …never seen more famous actor before…..
He started working for this factory a year ago.
->He’s …worked for this factory for a year…….
he left university two years ago.
->He’s ………left university for two years………..
I haven’t heard him since August
. -> The last time …I heard him was Augast ago…………
My father hasn’t been to Dalat for three years.
->The last time …my father went to DAlat was three years ago…
My grand father hasn’t been to hospital before.
-> This is the first time …my grandfather has been to hospital .
They last visited me 5 years ago.
-> They haven’t ………visited me for 5 years……
Jim will be 18 next week
. -> It is Jim’s ……18th birthday next week……..
This is the most delicious cake I’ve ever tasted.
-> I’ve ……never tasted more delicious cake before……
I haven’t seen my grand parents for one month.
-> It’s …one month since I last saw my grand parents….
I haven’t eaten this kind of food for two years.
-> It is …two years since I last ate this kind of food…….
This story is more interesting than any story that I’ve ever read.
-> This is …the most interesting story I’ve ever read.
Peter began playing tennis three years ago.
-> Peter has ……played tennis for three years ….
I’ve never read a more interesting novel than this.
-> This is …the most interesting novel I’ve ever read. ….
We’ve never met a prettier than Lan.
-> Lan is ……the most prettiest person We’ve ever met………..
We haven’t seen her for two years.
-> We last …saw her was two years.…….
We started cooking for the party 4 hours ago.
-> We have …cooked for the party for 4 hours…….
Mât bao lâu để làm viêc gì
She typed the letter in 20 minutes.
-> It ………took her 20 minutes to type the letter…..
He had breakfast in about ten minutes.
-> It ……took him about ten minutes to have breakfast …..
Nam spends two hours a day doing his home work.
-> it …takes NAm two hours a day to do his home work.…
He read the book in two weeks
.-> It ……took him two weeks to read the book………
The students will do this test in 45 minutes.
-> It ……will take the students 45 minutes to do this test ………
We learn this after a long time.
-> It ……takes us a long time to learn this……………..
The flight to HCM city lasted two hours.
-> It ……took two hours to fly to HCM city………..
She found the bill in several seconds.
-> It ……took her several seconds to find the bill……
I had to spend two hours to finish my home work.
-> It………had to take me two hours to finish my home work. ..
The doctor examined the patient in over 20minuter.
It took the doctor over 20minuter to examine the patient