1. Rút gọn
a) (a+b+c)2-(a+b)2-c2
b) (a+b+c)2-(b+c)2-2a(b+c)
c) (3a+1)2-2(2a+5).(3a+1)+(2a+5)2
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a) M = 8ab;
b) N = [ ( 3 a + + 2 ) + ( 1 – 2 b ) ] 2 = ( 3 a – 2 b + 3 ) 2 .
Bài 2:
a) \(\left(x+5\right)^2=x^2+10x+25\)
b) \(\left(\dfrac{5}{2}-t\right)^2=\dfrac{25}{4}-5t+t^2\)
c) \(\left(2u+3v\right)^2=4u^2+12uv+9v^2\)
d) \(\left(-\dfrac{1}{8}a+\dfrac{2}{3}bc\right)^2=\dfrac{1}{64}a^2-\dfrac{1}{6}abc+\dfrac{4}{9}b^2c^2\)
e) \(\left(\dfrac{x}{y}-\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2=\dfrac{x^2}{y^2}-\dfrac{2x}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\)
f) \(\left(\dfrac{mn}{4}-\dfrac{x}{6}\right)\left(\dfrac{mn}{4}+\dfrac{x}{6}\right)=\dfrac{m^2n^2}{16}-\dfrac{x^2}{36}\)
Bài 1:
$M=(2a+b)^2-(b-2a)^2=[(2a+b)-(b-2a)][(2a+b)+(b-2a)]$
$=4a.2b=8ab$
$N=(3a+1)^2+2a(1-2b)+(2b-1)^2$
$=(9a^2+6a+1)+2a-4ab+(4b^2-4b+1)$
$=9a^2+8a+4b^2-4b-4ab+2$
$A=(m-n)^2+4mn=m^2-2mn+n^2+4mn$
$=m^2+2mn+n^2=(m+n)^2$
a) \(=6a-3+15-5a=a+12\)
b) \(=25x-12x+4+35-14x=-x+39\)
d) \(=2ab+8a^2-b^2-4ab+2ab-6a^2=2a^2-b^2\)
e) \(=x+x^2-x^3+x^4-x^5+1+x-x^2+x^3-x^4=-x^5+2x+1\)
f) \(=6y^3-3y^2+y-y+y^2-y^3-y^2+y=5y^3-3y^2+y\)
a) 3( 2a -1) +5( 3-a)
= 3. 2a -3.1 +5. 3- 5.a
= 6a -3+ 15-5a
=(6a -5a )+ (-3+ 15)
b) 25x - 4(3x - 1) +7(5 - 2x)
= 25x -4.3x + 4.1 + 7.5 - 7.2
=25x - 12x + 4 +35 - 14x
= (25x-12x-14x)+(4+35)
= -x=39
c) -12x3 -x1-2x-18x2
= -36x-x-2x-36x
= -75x
d) (2a-b)(b+4a)+2a(b-3a)
= 2ab+2a4a-bb-b4a+2ab-2a3b
= 2ab+8a2-b2-4ab+2ab-6a2
=(2ab-4ab+2ab)+(8a2-6a2)-b2
= 2a2-b2
e) (x+1)(2+x-x2+x3-x4)
= (x+1)(2-2x)
= x2-x2x+1.2-1.2x
=(2x-2x)-2x2+2
= -2x2+2
\(\dfrac{a^2b^2}{2a^2+b^2+3a^2b^2}=\dfrac{a^2b^2}{\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(a^2+a^2b^2\right)+2a^2b^2}\le\dfrac{a^2b^2}{2ab+2a^2b+2a^2b^2}=\dfrac{ab}{2\left(1+a+ab\right)}\)
Tương tự và cộng lại;
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ab}{1+a+ab}+\dfrac{bc}{1+b+bc}+\dfrac{ca}{1+c+ca}\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ab}{1+a+ab}+\dfrac{abc}{a+ab+abc}+\dfrac{ab.ca}{ab+abc+ab.ca}\right)\)
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{ab}{1+a+ab}+\dfrac{1}{a+ab+1}+\dfrac{a}{ab+1+a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
a) Ta có: \(A=\dfrac{a^2-1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{9}{\left(1-a\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)\cdot\left(a-1\right)}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{\left|1-a\right|}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+1\right)\left(a-1\right)}{1-a}\)
=-a-1
b) Ta có: \(B=\sqrt{\left(3a-5\right)^2}-2a+4\)
\(=\left|3a-5\right|-2a+4\)
\(=5-3a-2a+4\)
=9-5a
c) Ta có: \(C=4a-3-\sqrt{\left(2a-1\right)^2}\)
\(=4a-3-\left|2a-1\right|\)
\(=4a-3-2a+1\)
\(=2a-2\)
d) Ta có: \(D=\dfrac{a-2}{4}\cdot\sqrt{\dfrac{16a^4}{\left(a-2\right)^2}}\)
\(=\dfrac{a-2}{4}\cdot\dfrac{4a^2}{\left|a-2\right|}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2\left(a-2\right)}{-\left(a-2\right)}\)
\(=-a^2\)
A =(a+b-2c) -(-a+b+c) -(2a-b-c)
= a+b-2c+a-b-c-2a+b+c
= b-2c
B=-(2a-b+c) + (b-2c-3a) -(-5a-3c+b)
= -2a+b-c+b-2c-3a+5a+3c-b
= b-c
C=(3a-b-2c)-( 2b+3c-a) +(2a-3b)
= a-b-2c-2b-3c+a+2a-3b
= -6b-5c
D=(5a-3b+c) +( 2a-3b+5) -( b-c+a)
= 5a-3b+c+2a-3b+5-b+c-a
= 6a-7b+2c
\(A=\left(a+b-2c\right)-\left(-a+b+c\right)-\left(2a-b-c\right)\)
\(=a+b-2c+a-b-c-2a+b+c=b-2c\)
\(B=-\left(2a-b+c\right)+\left(b-2c-3a\right)-\left(-5a-3c+b\right)\)
\(=-2a+b-c+b-2c-3a+5a+3c-b=b\)
\(C=\left(3a-b-2c\right)-\left(2b+3c-a\right)+\left(2a-3b\right)\)
\(=3a-b-2c-2b-3c+a+2a-3b=6a-6b-5c\)
\(D=\left(5a-3b+c\right)+\left(2a-3b+5\right)-\left(b-c+a\right)\)
\(=5a-3b+c+2a-3b+5-b+c-a=6a-7b+2c\)
a/ (2a+3b)^2 = (2a)^2+2.2a.3b+(3b)^2 = 4a^2+12ab+9b^2
b/ ta nhân đa thức với đa thức thì kết quả sẽ = -9a^2+25
c/ (x^2-3y)^2= (x^2)^2-2.x^2.3y+(3y)^2= x^4-6x^2y+9y^2
a) A=(4-5x)2-(3+5x)2=(4-5x-3-5x)(4-5x+3+5x)=(-25x+1)1=-25x+1
B=(3x-1)(1+3x)-(3x+1)2=9x2-1-(3x+1)2=9x2-1-(9x2+6x+1)=9x2-1-9x2-6x-1=-6x-2=-2(3x+1)
a)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2\\ =\left(a+b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)c+c^2-\left(a+b\right)^2-c^2\\ =2\left(a+b\right)c\)
b)\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2-\left(b+c\right)^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\\ =a^2+2a\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)^2-\left(b+c\right)^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\\ =a^2\)
c)\(\left(3a+1\right)^2-2\left(2a+5\right)\left(3a+1\right)+\left(2a+5\right)^2\\ =\left(3a+1-2a-5\right)^2\\ =\left(a-4\right)^2\)