Cho a,b,c là 3 số thực dương thỏa mãn \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{b^2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{c^2}\)=1
Tìm GTLN : P = \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5b^2+2bc+2c^2}}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5c^2+2ca+2a^2}}\)
Hãy nhập câu hỏi của bạn vào đây, nếu là tài khoản VIP, bạn sẽ được ưu tiên trả lời.
\(404=3\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)-2\left(\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2-\dfrac{2}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2\le1212\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\le2\sqrt{303}\)
Ta có:
\(5a^2+2ab+2b^2=\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(2a+b\right)^2\ge\left(2a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2a+b}+\dfrac{1}{2b+c}+\dfrac{1}{2c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{303}}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b+a+c\right)^2}\le\dfrac{1}{4\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}=\dfrac{1}{4\left(a^2+ab+bc+ca\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{ab}+\dfrac{1}{bc}+\dfrac{1}{ca}\right)\)
\(\le\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{2}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)\)
Tương tự và cộng lại:
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{64}\left(\dfrac{4}{a^2}+\dfrac{4}{b^2}+\dfrac{4}{c^2}\right)=\dfrac{1}{16}.3=\dfrac{3}{16}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
Áp dụng bđt: \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\left(1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{2a+b+c}=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(a+c\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{16}\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{1}{b+c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{b+c}+\dfrac{1}{a+c}\right)^2\right]\)\(\Rightarrow16P\le\dfrac{2}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(a+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(a+b\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\dfrac{2}{\left(b+c\right)\left(c+a\right)}\)
Áp dụng: \(x^2+y^2+z^2\ge xy+yz+xz\left(2\right)\) với a+b=x,b+c=y,c+a=z
\(\Rightarrow16P\le\dfrac{4}{\left(a+b\right)^2}+\dfrac{4}{\left(b+c\right)^2}+\dfrac{4}{\left(c+a\right)^2}\)
Ta có: \(\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)^2}\le4.16.\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2\)(do (1))
\(\Rightarrow16P\le\dfrac{1}{4}.16\left[\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}+\dfrac{2}{ab}+\dfrac{2}{bc}+\dfrac{2}{ca}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{4}.4.\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)=3\)(do(2) và \(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}=3\))
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{3}{16}\)
\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{a};\sqrt{b};\sqrt{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\Rightarrow x+y+z=1\)
BĐT trở thành: \(\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2z^2}}+\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+2x^2}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{x^2+z^2+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Ta có:
\(x^2+z^2+y^2+z^2\ge\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+z\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(y+z\right)^2\ge\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{x^2+y^2+2z^2}}\le\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(y+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{xy}{x+z}+\dfrac{xy}{y+z}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{y^2+z^2+2x^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{yz}{x+z}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{z^2+x^2+2y^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{zx}{x+y}+\dfrac{zx}{y+z}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\le\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{zx+yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{xy+zx}{y+z}+\dfrac{yz+xy}{z+x}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(x+y+z\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z\) hay \(a=b=c\)
\(a^2-ab+b^2=\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(a-b\right)^2\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{2}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}+\dfrac{2}{c+a}\le\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
\(a^2+2b^2+3=\left(a^2+b^2\right)+\left(b^2+1\right)+2\ge2ab+2b+2=2\left(ab+b+1\right)\)
Tương tự ...
\(\Rightarrow P\le\dfrac{1}{2\left(ab+b+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(bc+c+1\right)}+\dfrac{1}{2\left(ca+a+1\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{abc+bc+c}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{bc}{ca.bc+a.bc+bc}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c}{1+bc+c}+\dfrac{1}{bc+c+1}+\dfrac{bc}{c+1+bc}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{c+1+bc}{1+bc+c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
\(P_{max}=\dfrac{1}{2}\) khi \(a=b=c=1\)
bai nay t lam roi vao trang chu cua nick thangbnsh cua t keo xuong tim la thay
Câu hỏi của Tuyển Trần Thị - Toán lớp 9 | Học trực tuyến
Ta có :\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{5a^2+2ab+2b^2}}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\left(4a^2+4ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)}}\)
\(=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\left(2a+b\right)^2+\left(a-b\right)^2}}\le\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{\left(2a+b\right)^2}}=\dfrac{1}{2a+b}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{2}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\) (Cosi)
Tương tự cộng lại ta được :
\(P\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\le\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{3\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\sqrt{3}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)\)\(\le\) \(\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{3\left(\dfrac{1}{a^2}+\dfrac{1}{b^2}+\dfrac{1}{c^2}\right)}\) làm thế nào hả bn ?