Cho a,b>0 thỏa mãn a+b=1. Chứng minh (1+1/a)(1+1/b)>=9
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Ta có :
\(\left(a+b+c\right)\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)=1+\frac{a}{b}+\frac{a}{c}+\frac{b}{a}+1+\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{a}+\frac{c}{b}+1\)
\(=3+\left(\frac{a}{b}+\frac{b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{c}{a}+\frac{a}{c}\right)+\left(\frac{b}{c}+\frac{c}{b}\right)\ge3+2\sqrt{\frac{a}{b}\cdot\frac{b}{a}}+2\sqrt{\frac{c}{a}\cdot\frac{a}{c}}+2\sqrt{\frac{b}{c}\cdot\frac{c}{b}}=3+2+2+2=9\)
Dấu bằng của BĐT xảy ra khi a = b= c = 1/3
cho 3 số dương a,b,c thỏa mãn abc = 1 và a+b+c > 1/a + 1/b + 1/. chứng minh rằng (a-1)(b-1)(c-1) > 0
Đề là
Cho \(a;b;c\ge0\) thỏa mãn a+b+c = 1
Cmr : \(\frac{1}{1-a}+\frac{1}{1-b}+\frac{1}{1-c}\ge\frac{2}{1+a}+\frac{2}{1+b}+\frac{2}{1+c}\) ak bạn
Ta có:a+b+c=1
\(đpcm\Leftrightarrow\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{2}{a+2b+c}+\frac{2}{2a+b+c}+\frac{2}{a+b+2c}\)(*)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxki:
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{b+c}\ge\frac{4}{a+2b+c}\)(1)
Tương tự:\(\frac{1}{b+c}+\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\)(2)
\(\frac{1}{a+b}+\frac{1}{c+a}\ge\frac{4}{2a+b+c}\)(3)
Cộng theo từng vế của (1);(2);(3) ta đc:(*)(đpcm)
Dấu ''='' xảy ra\(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=\frac{1}{3}\)
Giả thiết ngứa mắt vc , let's biến đổi chút
\(GT\Leftrightarrow\frac{1-a}{a}.\frac{1-b}{b}.\frac{1-c}{c}=1\). Đặt \(\left(\frac{1-a}{a};\frac{1-b}{b};\frac{1-c}{c}\right)\rightarrow\left(x;y;z\right)\)
thì \(a=\frac{1}{x+1};b=\frac{1}{y+1};c=\frac{1}{z+1}\)
nên bài toán đã cho trở thành \(\frac{1}{\left(x+1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(y+1\right)^2}+\frac{1}{\left(z+1\right)^2}\ge\frac{3}{4}\left(xyz=1\right)\)
để ý rằng \(VT\ge\frac{1}{2\left(x^2+1\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(y^2+1\right)}+\frac{1}{2\left(z^2+1\right)}\)
nên chỉ cần chứng minh \(\frac{1}{x^2+1}+\frac{1}{y^2+1}+\frac{1}{z^2+1}\ge\frac{3}{2}\left(xyz=1\right)\)
\(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2}{2}\)
\(\ge\frac{\left(a+b+\frac{4}{a+b}\right)^2}{2}\)
\(=\frac{25}{2}\)
tại a=b=1/2
thêm ít cách
Cách 1:
Áp dụng BĐT bunhiacopxki ta được:
\(\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]\left(1^2+1^2\right)\ge\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)\right]^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]2\ge\left(1+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2\)(1)
Ta có:\(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{2}{\sqrt{ab}}\)( tự CM nha )
ÁP dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(\sqrt{ab}\le\frac{a+b}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge4\)(2)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta được:
\(\left[\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\right]2\ge25\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\ge\frac{25}{2}\left(đpcm\right)\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Cách 2:
Đặt \(P=\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\)
Ta có: \(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2=a^2+\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{1}{b^2}+b^2+\frac{2b}{a}+\frac{1}{a^2}\)
\(=a^2+\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{1}{16b^2}+\frac{15}{16b^2}+b^2+\frac{2b}{a}+\frac{1}{16a^2}+\frac{15}{16a^2}\)
\(=\left(a^2+\frac{1}{16a^2}\right)+\left(b^2+\frac{1}{16b^2}\right)+\left(\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{2b}{a}\right)+\left(\frac{15}{16b^2}+\frac{15}{16a^2}\right)\)
ÁP dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(a^2+\frac{1}{16a^2}\ge2\sqrt{a^2.\frac{1}{16a^2}}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)(3)
\(b^2+\frac{1}{16b^2}\ge2\sqrt{b^2.\frac{1}{16b^2}}\ge\frac{1}{2}\)(4)
\(\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{2b}{a}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{2a}{b}.\frac{2b}{a}}\ge4\)(5)
\(\frac{15}{16a^2}+\frac{15}{16b^2}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{15.15}{16.16a^2b^2}}=\frac{15}{8ab}\)(1)
ÁP dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:
\(ab\le\frac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}=\frac{1}{4}\)(2)
Thay (2) vào (1) ta được:
\(\frac{15}{16a^2}+\frac{15}{16b^2}\ge\frac{15}{2}\)(6)
Cộng (3)+(4)+(5)+(6) ta được:
\(P\ge\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{2}+\frac{15}{2}+4=\frac{25}{2}\)
Dấu"="xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=\frac{1}{2}\)
Cách 3:Làm tắt thui ạ
Đặt \(P=\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2\)
\(\left(a+\frac{1}{b}\right)^2+\left(b+\frac{1}{a}\right)^2=a^2+\frac{2a}{b}+\frac{1}{b^2}+b^2+\frac{2b}{a}+\frac{1}{a^2}\ge2ab+\frac{2}{ab}+4\)
\(P\ge2\left(ab+\frac{1}{ab}\right)+4\)
\(P\ge2\left(ab+\frac{1}{16ab}+\frac{15}{16ab}\right)+4\)
giống cách 2 rồi làm nốt
\(\left(1+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)\left(1+\dfrac{1}{b}\right)\ge9\)
\(\Leftrightarrow1+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\ge9\)
Lại có:\(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{a}\ge\dfrac{4}{a+b}=4\)
\(ab\le\dfrac{\left(a+b\right)^2}{4}=\dfrac{1}{4}\)\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{ab}\ge\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{1}{4}}=4\)
\(\Rightarrow1+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{ab}\ge1+4+4=9\left(\text{đ}pcm\right)\)