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a) PTHH: Fe + 2HCl ➞ FeCl2 + H2 (1)
b) nFe= \(\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25\) (mol)
Theo PT: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,25\) (mol)
⇒ \(m_{FeCl_2}\)= 0,25 . 127 = 31,75 (g)
c) PTHH khử của H2: H2 + CuO ➞ Cu + H2O
Theo PT (1): \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,25\) (mol)
Theo PT (2): \(n_{Cu}=n_{H_2}=0,25\) (mol)
⇒ mCu= 0,25 . 64 = 16 (g)
( Phần c) không tính Cu theo CuO vì CuO dư )
a) \(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)
\(n_{Mg}=\dfrac{2,4}{24}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH ta có: \(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=n_{MgCl_2}.M_{MgCl_2}=0,1.95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
b) Theo PTHH ta có: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Mg}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,1.22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\)
c) \(2H_2+O_2\rightarrow2H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{H_2O}=n_{H_2O}.M_{H_2O}=0,1.18=1,8\left(g\right)\)
a)mMg= 2,4/24=0,1(mol) nMgCl2=0,1.1/1=0,1 (mol) mMgCl2= 0,1.95=9,5(g) b)nH2=0,1.1/1=0,1(mol) v=n.22,4=2,24(lít
a. \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
b. \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,5-------1---------0,5-----0,5
Theo PTHH: \(\Rightarrow n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
c. \(H_2+CuO\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,5-------0,5-----0,5----0,5
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=n_{Cu}.M_{Cu}=0,5.64=32\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)
0,5-------1---------0,5------0,5
b) \(V_{H_2}=n_{H_2}.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
c) \(H_2+CuO\rightarrow Cu+H_2O\)
0,5-----0,5------0,5----0,5
Khối lượng đồng tạo thành: \(m_{Cu}=n_{Cu}.64=0,5.64=32\left(g\right)\)
a) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: `Fe + 2HCl -> FeCl_2 + H_2`
0,5-------------------------->0,5`
b) `V_{H_2} = 0,5.22,4 = 11,2 (l)`
c) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
0,5---->0,5
`=> m_{Cu} = 0,5.64 = 32 (g)`
\(Fe+2HCl\underrightarrow{t^o}FeCl_2+H_2\)
\(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(0,5mol\) \(0,5mol\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2}=n.22,4=0,5.22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
\(H_2+CuO\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
\(1mol\) \(1mol\)
\(0,5mol\) \(0,5mol\)
\(m_{Cu}=n.M=0,5.64=32\left(g\right)\)
a+b+c) PTHH: \(Zn+2HCl\rightarrow ZnCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Zn}=\dfrac{6,5}{65}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{ZnCl_2}=n_{H_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{ZnCl_2}=0,1\cdot136=13,6\left(g\right)\\V_{H_2}=0,1\cdot22,4=2,24\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
d) PTHH: \(CuO+H_2\underrightarrow{t^o}Cu+H_2O\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Cu}=0,1\cdot64=6,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\)
tỉ lệ: 1 : 2 : 1 : 1
n(mol) 0,2--->0,4------->0,2----->0,2
\(m_{FeCl_2}=n\cdot M=0,2\cdot\left(56+35,5\cdot2\right)=25,4\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(dkc\right)}=n\cdot24,79=4,958\left(l\right)\)
a) \(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)
b) \(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m_{Fe}}{M_{Fe}}=\dfrac{11,2}{56}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Theo phương trình hóa học: \(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=o,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n_{H_2}\times22,4=0,2\times22,4=4,48\left(l\right)\)
\(V_{H_2\left(dkc\right)}=n_{H_2}\times24,79=0,2\times24,79=4,96\left(l\right)\)
c) Theo phương trình hóa học: \(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{H_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=n_{FeCl_2}\times M_{FeCl_2}=0,2.127=25,4\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{m}{M}=\dfrac{28}{56}=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:Fe+2HCl->FeCl_2+H_2\)
ti le 1 : 2 : 1 : 1
n(mol) 0,5-->1--------->0,5------>0,5
\(m_{FeCl_2}=n\cdot M=0,5\cdot\left(56+35,5\cdot2\right)=63,5\left(g\right)\\ V_{H_2\left(dktc\right)}=n\cdot22,4=0,5\cdot22,4=11,2\left(l\right)\)
Fe+2HCl\(\rightarrow\)FeCl2+H2
\(n_{Fe}=\dfrac{14}{56}=0,25mol\)
\(n_{H_2}=n_{Fe}=0,25mol\)
\(n_{FeCl_2}=n_{Fe}=0,25mol\)
\(m_{FeCl_2}=0,25.127=31,75gam\)
H2+CuO\(\overset{t^0}{\rightarrow}\)Cu+H2O
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{25,6}{80}=0,32mol\)
Tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,25}{1}< \dfrac{0,32}{1}\)\(\rightarrow\)CuO dư
\(n_{Cu}=n_{CuO}=n_{H_2}=0,25mol\)
\(m_{Cu}=0,25.64=16gam\)
\(n_{CuO\left(dư\right)}=0,32-0,25=0,07mol\)
\(m_{CuO}=0,07.80=5,6gam\)