cho a,b,c > 0 sao cho ab+bc+ac+abc=2. Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của:
\(M=\dfrac{a+1}{a^2+2a+2}+\dfrac{b+1}{b^2+2b+2}+\dfrac{c+1}{c^2+2c+2}\)
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\(A=\dfrac{x-4+5}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)+5}{\sqrt{x}-2}=\sqrt{x}+2+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-2}\)
\(=\sqrt{x}-2+\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{x}-2}+4\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{5\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}{\sqrt{x}-2}}+4=4+2\sqrt{5}\)
\(A_{min}=4+2\sqrt{5}\) khi \(9+4\sqrt{5}\)
b.
Đặt \(\left(a;b;c\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{x};\dfrac{1}{y};\dfrac{l}{z}\right)\Rightarrow xyz=1\)
\(B=\dfrac{x^2}{y+z}+\dfrac{y^2}{z+x}+\dfrac{z^2}{x+y}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(x+y+z\right)}=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\ge\dfrac{3\sqrt[3]{xyz}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(B_{min}=\dfrac{3}{2}\) khi \(x=y=z=1\Rightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Ta có:\(\dfrac{1}{1+ab}+\dfrac{1}{1+bc}+\dfrac{1}{1+ac}\ge\dfrac{9}{1+1+1+ab+bc+ca}\)(AM-GM)
Lại có:\(\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2+\left(c-a\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2\ge ab+bc+ca\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{9}{3+ab+bc+ca}\ge\dfrac{9}{3+a^2+b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{9}{6}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrowđpcm\)
Cháu làm cho bác câu 2 thôi,câu 3 THANGDZ làm rồi sợ mất bản quyền lắm:v
Lời giải:
Áp dụng liên tiếp bất đẳng thức AM-GM và Cauchy-Schwarz ta có:
\(\dfrac{a}{a+2b+3c}+\dfrac{b}{b+2c+3a}+\dfrac{c}{c+2a+3b}\)
\(=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2ab+3ac}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2bc+3ab}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ac+3bc}\)
\(\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a^2+b^2+c^2+5ab+5bc+5ac}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+3\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2+\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Có \(ab+bc+ac=abc\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=1\)
Áp dụng các bđt sau:Với x;y;z>0 có: \(\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)\) và \(\dfrac{1}{x+y}\le\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\right)\)
Có \(\dfrac{1}{a+3b+2c}=\dfrac{1}{\left(a+b\right)+\left(b+c\right)+\left(b+c\right)}\le\dfrac{1}{9}\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b}+\dfrac{2}{b+c}\right)\)\(\le\dfrac{1}{9}.\dfrac{1}{4}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\)
CMTT: \(\dfrac{1}{b+3c+2a}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)\)
\(\dfrac{1}{c+3a+2b}\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế => \(VT\le\dfrac{1}{36}\left(\dfrac{6}{a}+\dfrac{6}{b}+\dfrac{6}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{36}.6\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\dfrac{1}{6}\)
Dấu = xảy ra khi a=b=c=3
Có \(a+b=2\Leftrightarrow2\ge2\sqrt{ab}\Leftrightarrow ab\le1\)
\(E=\left(3a^2+2b\right)\left(3b^2+2a\right)+5a^2b+5ab^2+2ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a^3+b^3\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+6\left(a+b\right)^3-18ab\left(a+b\right)+4ab+5ab\left(a+b\right)+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2+48-18ab.2+4ab+5.2.ab+20ab\)
\(=9a^2b^2-2ab+48\)
Đặt \(f\left(ab\right)=9a^2b^2-2ab+48;ab\le1\), đỉnh \(I\left(\dfrac{1}{9};\dfrac{431}{9}\right)\)
Hàm đồng biến trên khoảng \(\left[\dfrac{1}{9};1\right]\backslash\left\{\dfrac{1}{9}\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow f\left(ab\right)_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow ab=1\)
\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=55\Leftrightarrow a=b=1\)
Vậy...
\(P=\dfrac{a^2}{ab+\dfrac{1}{b}}+\dfrac{b^2}{bc+\dfrac{1}{c}}+\dfrac{c^2}{ca+\dfrac{1}{a}}\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca+\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{ab+bc+ca+\dfrac{ab+bc+ca}{abc}}=\dfrac{3}{1+\dfrac{1}{abc}}=\dfrac{3abc}{1+abc}\) (đpcm)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c\)
Với a, b, c > 0 có:
\(P=\dfrac{a}{b+2c}+\dfrac{b}{c+2a}+\dfrac{c}{a+2b}\\ =\dfrac{a^2}{a\left(b+2c\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{b\left(c+2a\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{c\left(a+2b\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{\left(1+\alpha\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}{\left(1+\alpha\right)\left(ab+bc+ca\right)}\)
chọn \(\alpha=\dfrac{1}{abc}\Rightarrow dpcm\)
Ta có \(ab+bc+ca=3abc\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=3\)
Đặt \(x=\dfrac{1}{a},y=\dfrac{1}{b},z=\dfrac{1}{c}\) thì ta có \(x,y,z>0;x+y+z=3\) và
\(\sqrt{\dfrac{a}{3b^2c^2+abc}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{x}}{3.\dfrac{1}{y^2z^2}+\dfrac{1}{xyz}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{x}}{\dfrac{3x+yz}{xy^2z^2}}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{y^2z^2}{3x+yz}}\) \(=\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{3x+yz}}\) \(=\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{x\left(x+y+z\right)+yz}}\) \(=\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\)
Do đó \(T=\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}+\dfrac{zx}{\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)\left(y+x\right)}}+\dfrac{xy}{\sqrt{\left(z+x\right)\left(z+y\right)}}\)
Lại có \(\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{yz}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{yz}{2\left(x+z\right)}\)
Lập 2 BĐT tương tự rồi cộng theo vế, ta được \(T\le\dfrac{yz}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{yz}{2\left(x+z\right)}+\dfrac{zx}{2\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{zx}{2\left(y+x\right)}\) \(+\dfrac{xy}{2\left(z+x\right)}+\dfrac{xy}{2\left(z+y\right)}\)
\(T\le\dfrac{yz+zx}{2\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{xy+zx}{2\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{xy+yz}{2\left(z+x\right)}\)
\(T\le\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\) (do \(x+y+z=3\))
\(T\le\dfrac{3}{2}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\) \(\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=1\)
Vậy \(maxT=\dfrac{3}{2}\), xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=1\)
(Mình muốn gửi lời cảm ơn tới bạn Nguyễn Đức Trí vì ý tưởng của bài này chính là bài mình vừa hỏi lúc nãy trên diễn đàn. Cảm ơn bạn Trí rất nhiều vì đã giúp mình có được lời giải này.)
Bạn Lê Song Phương xem lại dùm nhé, thanks!
\(...\dfrac{yz}{\sqrt[]{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}}\le\dfrac{2yz}{x+y}+\dfrac{2yz}{x+z}\)
\(...\Rightarrow T\le2.3=6\)
\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(T\right)=6\left(tạia=b=c=1\right)\)
\(\dfrac{\sqrt{b^2+a^2+a^2}}{ab}\ge\dfrac{\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{3}\left(b+a+a\right)^2}}{ab}=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{2}{b}\right)\)
Tương tự: \(\dfrac{\sqrt{c^2+2b^2}}{bc}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{2}{c}\right)\) ; \(\dfrac{\sqrt{a^2+2c^2}}{ac}\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{1}{c}+\dfrac{2}{a}\right)\)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(VT\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\left(\dfrac{3}{a}+\dfrac{3}{b}+\dfrac{3}{c}\right)=\sqrt{3}\left(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=1980\sqrt{3}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=b=c=\dfrac{3}{1980}\)
\(\dfrac{1}{a}+\dfrac{1}{b}+\dfrac{1}{c}=0\)
=> bc+ac+ab=0
ta có
\(bc+ac=-ab\)
<=> \(\left(bc+ac\right)^2=a^2b^2\)
<=> \(b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2abc^2=a^2b^2\)
<=> \(b^2c^2+a^2c^2-a^2b^2=-2abc^2\)
tương tự
\(a^2b^2+b^2c^2-c^2a^2=-2ab^2c\)
\(c^2a^2+a^2b^2-b^2c^2=-2a^2bc\)
thay vào E ta đc
\(E=\dfrac{-a^2b^2c^2}{2ab^2c}-\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{2abc^2}-\dfrac{a^2b^2c^2}{2a^2bc}\)
=\(-\dfrac{ac}{2}-\dfrac{ab}{2}-\dfrac{bc}{2}=\dfrac{-\left(ac+ab+bc\right)}{2}=0\) (vì ac+bc+ab=0 cmt)
Em tham khảo ở đây:
Cho a,b,c > 0 và ab + bc + ac = 1. Chứng minh rằng :\(\dfrac{a}{\sqrt{a^2+1}}+\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{b^2+1}}+\dfrac{c}{\sqrt{c^... - Hoc24
Hint: \(M=3-Σ\dfrac{a^2+a+1}{a^2+2a+1}\)
and \(a=b=c=\sqrt 3-1; Max_{M}=\sqrt3 -1\) :))