Tìm Max ( hoặc Min):
A=4x2-4x+2017
B=3x-x2-15
C=3a2-2ab+b2-4a+4
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`#3107.101107`
a)
`x^2 + 6x + 10`
`= (x^2 + 2*x*3 + 3^2) + 1`
`= (x + 3)^2 + 1`
Vì `(x + 3)^2 \ge 0` `AA` `x`
`=> (x + 3)^2 + 1 \ge 1` `AA` `x`
Vậy, GTNN của bt là 1 khi `(x + 3)^2 = 0`
`<=> x + 3 = 0`
`<=> x = -3`
b)
`4x^2 - 4x + 5`
`= [(2x)^2 - 2*2x*1 + 1^2] + 4`
`= (2x - 1)^2 + 4`
Vì `(2x - 1)^2 \ge 0` `AA` `x`
`=> (2x - 1)^2 + 4 \ge 4` `AA` `x`
Vậy, GTNN của bt là `4` khi `(2x - 1)^2 = 0`
`<=> 2x - 1 = 0`
`<=> 2x = 1`
`<=> x = 1/2`
c)
`x^2 - 3x + 1`
`= (x^2 - 2*x*3/2 + 9/4) - 5/4`
`= (x - 3/2)^2 - 5/4`
Vì `(x - 3/2)^2 \ge 0` `AA` `x`
`=> (x - 3/2)^2 - 5/4 \ge -5/4` `AA` `x`
Vậy, GTNN của bt là `-5/4` khi `(x - 3/2)^2 = 0`
`<=> x - 3/2 = 0`
`<=> x = 3/2`
b: \(8x^2-48x+6xy-36y\)
\(=8x\left(x-6\right)+6y\left(x-6\right)\)
\(=2\left(x-6\right)\left(4x+3y\right)\)
d: \(a^2-2ab+b^2-4\)
\(=\left(a-b\right)^2-4\)
\(=\left(a-b-2\right)\left(a-b+2\right)\)
\(A=x^2-4x+20=x^2-4x+4+16=\left(x-2\right)^2+16\)
Do \(\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2\right)^2+16\ge16\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\left(A\right)=16\)
\(B=x^2-3x+7=x^2-3x+\dfrac{9}{4}-\dfrac{9}{4}+7=\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{19}{4}\)
Do \(\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{19}{4}\ge\dfrac{19}{4}\)
\(\Rightarrow Min\left(B\right)=\dfrac{19}{4}\)
\(C=-x^2-10x+70=-\left(x^2+10x+25\right)+25+70=-\left(x-5\right)^2+95\)
Do \(-\left(x-5\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(x-5\right)^2+95\le95\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(C\right)=95\)
\(D=-4x^2+12x+1=-\left(4x^2-12x+9\right)+9+1=-\left(2x-3\right)^2+10\)
Do \(-\left(2x-3\right)^2\le0\)
\(\Rightarrow-\left(2x-3\right)^2+10\le10\)
\(\Rightarrow Max\left(D\right)=10\)
a,x2-y2-2x+2y
= (x+y)(x-y) - 2(x-y)
= (x-y)(x+y-2)
b,2x+2y-x2-xy
= 2(x+y) - x(x+y)
= (x+y)(2-x)
c,3a2-6ab+3b2-12c2
= 3(a2 - 2ab + b2 - 4c2)
= 3[(a-b)2 - 4c2)
= 3(a-b-2c)(a-b+2c)
d,x2-25+y2+2xy
= (x+y)2 - 25
= (x+y+5)(x+y-5)
e) a2+2ab+b2-ac-bc
= (a+b)2-c(a+b)
= (a+b)( a+b-c)
f) x2-2x-4x2-4y
= -3x2-2x-4y
= -(3x2+2x+4y)
g)x2y-x3-9y+9x
= x2(y-x)-9(y-x)
= (y-x)(x2-9)
h) x2(x-1)+16(1-x)
= x2(x-1)-16(x-1)
= (x-1)(x2-16)
= (x-1)(x-4)(x+4)
n) 81x2-6yz-9y2-z2
= (9x)2-[(3y)2+6yz+z2]
=(9x)2-(3y+z)2
=(9x+3y+z)(9x-3y-z)
m) xz- yz-x2+2xy-y2
= z(x-y)-(x2-2xy+y2)
= z(x-y)-(x-y)2
= (x-y)(z-x+y)
p) x2 + 8x + 15
= x2 + 3x + 5x + 15
= x(x+3) + 5(x+3)
= (x+3)(x+5)
k) x2 - x - 12
= x2 + 3x - 4x - 12
= x(x+3) - 4(x+3)
= (x+3)(x-4)
a)
Ta có:
\(A=x^2-2x-1=x^2-2x+1-2=\left(x-1\right)^2-2\)
\(\ge0-2=-2\)
Vậy \(A_{min}=-2\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-1=0\Leftrightarrow x=1\)
b)\(B=4x^2+4x+8=4x^2+4x+1+7\)
\(=\left(2x+1\right)^2+7\ge0+7=7\)
Vậy \(B_{min}=7\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(2x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-1}{2}\)
c)
Ta có:
\(C=3x-x^2+2=2-\left(x^2-3x\right)\)
\(=2+\dfrac{9}{4}-\left(x^2-2x.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{17}{4}-\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{17}{4}-0=\dfrac{17}{4}\)
Vậy \(C_{max}=\dfrac{17}{4}\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{2}\)
d) Ta có:
\(D=-x^2-5x=-\left(x^2+5x\right)=\dfrac{25}{4}-\left(x^2+2x.\dfrac{5}{2}+\dfrac{25}{4}\right)\)
\(=\dfrac{25}{4}-\left(x+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)^2\le\dfrac{25}{4}-0=\dfrac{25}{4}\)
Vậy \(D_{max}=\dfrac{25}{4}\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x+\dfrac{5}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\)
e) Ta có:
\(E=x^2-4xy+5y^2+10x-22y+28\)
\(=x^2+4y^2+5^2-4xy+10x-20y+y^2-2y+1+2\)
\(=\left(x-2y+5\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+2\)
\(\ge0+0+2=2\)
Vậy \(E_{min}=2\), đạt được khi và chỉ khi \(x-2y+5=y-1=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(2a+b=2\Rightarrow b=2-2a\)
\(\Rightarrow P=3a^2+b\left(2a+b\right)=3a^2+2b=3a^2+2\left(2-2a\right)=3a^2-4a+4=3\left(a-\dfrac{2}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{8}{3}\ge\dfrac{8}{3}\)
\(p_{min}=\dfrac{8}{3}\) khi \(a=\dfrac{2}{3}\)
\(A=4x^2-4x+2017=4\left(x^2-x\right)+2017=4\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{2}.x.2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)+2016=4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+2016\ge2016\)
\(B=3x-x^2-15\\=-\left(x^2-3x+15\right)=-\left(x^2-2.x.\dfrac{3}{2}+\dfrac{9}{4}+\dfrac{51}{4}\right)\\ =-\left(x-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2-\dfrac{51}{4}\le-\dfrac{51}{4}\)
\(C=3a^2-2ab+b^2-4a+4\\ =\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(2a^2-4a+4\right)\\ =\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a^2-2.a.1+1+1\right)\\ =\left(a-b\right)^2+2\left(a-1\right)^2+2\ge2\)