tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất:
\(\dfrac{x}{\left|y+1\right|^2+3\left(z-4\right)^4+5}\)
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Hướng dẫn: đặt \(A=\dfrac{y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}+\dfrac{z^4}{\left(y^2+z^2\right)\left(y+z\right)}+\dfrac{x^4}{\left(z^2+x^2\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)
Khi đó \(F-A=x-y+y-z+z-x=0\Rightarrow F=A\)
\(\Rightarrow2F=F+A=\sum\dfrac{x^4+y^4}{\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2}{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\ge\sum\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)^2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{4\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)
\(\Rightarrow2F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{2}\Rightarrow F\ge\dfrac{x+y+z}{4}\)
\(A=\left|\dfrac{3}{5}-x\right|+\dfrac{1}{9}\ge\dfrac{1}{9}\\ A_{min}=\dfrac{1}{9}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{5}\\ B=\dfrac{2009}{2008}-\left|x-\dfrac{3}{5}\right|\le\dfrac{2009}{2008}\\ B_{max}=\dfrac{2009}{2008}\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{3}{5}\\ C=-2\left|\dfrac{1}{3}x+4\right|+1\dfrac{2}{3}\le1\dfrac{2}{3}\\ C_{max}=1\dfrac{2}{3}\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{3}x=-4\Leftrightarrow x=-12\)
a: \(A=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)
Lời giải:
Xét hiệu:
\(\frac{x^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{y^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{z^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}-\left(\frac{y^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{z^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{x^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\right)\)
\(=\frac{x^4-y^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{y^4-z^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{z^4-x^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\)
\(=x-y+y-z+z-x=0\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{x^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{y^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{z^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}=\frac{y^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{z^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{x^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\)
Do đó:
\(2F=\frac{x^4+y^4}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{y^4+z^4}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{z^4+x^4}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\)
\(\geq \frac{\frac{(x^2+y^2)^2}{2}}{(x^2+y^2)(x+y)}+\frac{\frac{(y^2+z^2)^2}{2}}{(y^2+z^2)(y+z)}+\frac{\frac{(z^2+x^2)^2}{2}}{(z^2+x^2)(z+x)}\) (áp dụng BĐT Cauchy)
hay \(2F\geq \frac{x^2+y^2}{2(x+y)}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{2(y+z)}+\frac{z^2+x^2}{2(z+x)}\)
Mà cũng theo BĐT Cauchy thì:
\(\frac{x^2+y^2}{2(x+y)}+\frac{y^2+z^2}{2(y+z)}+\frac{z^2+x^2}{2(z+x)}\geq \frac{\frac{(x+y)^2}{2}}{2(x+y)}+\frac{\frac{(y+z)^2}{2}}{2(y+z)}+\frac{\frac{(z+x)^2}{2}}{2(x+z)}=\frac{x+y+z}{2}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow 2F\geq \frac{1}{2}\Rightarrow F\geq \frac{1}{4}\)
Vậy \(F_{\min}=\frac{1}{4}\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\dfrac{5}{\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4+6}\)
Cái này cũng làm tương tự như cái kia thôi:
Ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-y\right|^2\ge0\\\left(y-z\right)^2\ge0\\\left|z-x\right|^4\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4\ge0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4+6\ge6\)
\(A=\dfrac{5}{\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4+6}\ge\dfrac{5}{6}\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|x-y\right|^2=0\\\left(y-z\right)^2=0\\\left|z-x\right|^4=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\y=z\\z=x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow x=y=z\)
Vậy
\(\dfrac{5}{\left|x-y\right|^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left|z-x\right|^4+6}\)
Theo đề bài ta có:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|y+1\right|\ge0\Rightarrow\left|y+1\right|^2\ge0\forall y\\\left(z-4\right)^4\ge0\Rightarrow3\left(z-4\right)^4\ge0\forall z\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|y+1\right|^2+3\left(z-4\right)^4\ge0\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|y+1\right|^2+3\left(z-4\right)^4+5\ge5\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x}{\left|y+1\right|^2+3\left(z-4\right)^4+5}\le\dfrac{x}{5}\)
Đến đây chỉ tìm được MAX ko có MIN nha bạn
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi:
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left|y+1\right|^2=0\Rightarrow y=-1\\3\left(z-4\right)^4=0\Rightarrow z=4\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(MAX=\dfrac{x}{5}\) khi \(y=-1;z=4\)
Hồng Phúc Nguyễn Ace Legona Hoàng Ngọc Anh
@phynit @Bùi Thị Vân