phân tích đa thức thành nhân tử:
a)2x^3-3x^2+3x-1
b)x^4-6x^3+12x^2-14x+3
c)3x^2-22xy-4x-8y+7y^2+1
d)x(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)+1
e)(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)(x+5)-24
g)x^4-8x+6;f)6x^4-11x^2+3
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1) \(x^2-6x+3\)
\(=x^2-6x+9-6\)
\(=\left(x-3\right)^2-6\)
\(=\left(x-3+\sqrt{6}\right)\left(x-3-\sqrt{6}\right)\)
2) \(2m^2+10m+8\)
\(=2m^2+2m+8m+8\)
\(=2m\left(m+1\right)+8\left(m+1\right)\)
\(=\left(2m+8\right)\left(m+1\right)\)
\(=2\left(m+4\right)\left(m+1\right)\)
3) \(9x^2+6x-8\)
\(=\left(9x^2+6x+1\right)-9\)
\(=\left(3x+1\right)^2-9\)
\(=\left(3x+4\right)\left(3x-2\right)\)
4) \(x^3-5x^2-14x\)
\(=x\left(x^2-5x-14\right)\)
\(=x\left(x^2-2x+7x-14\right)\)
\(=x\left[x\left(x-2\right)+7\left(x-2\right)\right]\)
\(=x\left(x+7\right)\left(x-2\right)\)
a) \(x^5+4x+5=\left(x^5+x^4\right)-\left(x^4+x^3\right)+\left(x^3+x^2\right)-\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(5x+5\right)=x^4\left(x+1\right)-x^3\left(x+1\right)+x^2\left(x+1\right)-x\left(x+1\right)+5\left(x+1\right)=\left(x^4-x^3+x^2-x+5\right)\left(x+1\right)\)
b) \(x^4+6x^3+11x^2+6x+1=\left(x^4+3x^3+x^2\right)+\left(3x^3+9x^2+3x\right)+\left(x^2+3x+1\right)=x^2\left(x^2+3x+1\right)+3x\left(x^2+3x+1\right)+\left(x^2+3x+1\right)=\left(x^2+3x+1\right)^2\)
c) \(64x^4+1=\left[\left(8x^2\right)^2+16x^2+1\right]-16x^2=\left(8x^2+1\right)^2-\left(4x\right)^2=\left(8x^2-4x+1\right)\left(8x^2+4x+1\right)\)d) \(81x^4+4=\left[\left(9x^2\right)^2+36x^2+2^2\right]-36x^2=\left(9x^2+2\right)^2-\left(6x\right)^2=\left(9x^2-6x+2\right)\left(9x^2+6x+2\right)\)
Ta có : x3 - 7x + 6
= x3 - x - 6x + 6
= x(x2 - 1) - 6(x - 1)
= x(x + 1)(x - 1) - 6(x - 1)
= (x - 1) [x(x + 1) - 6]
= (x - 1) (x2 + x - 6) .
CÁC Ý SAU TƯƠNG TỰ
a) \(3xy-6xy^2=3xy\left(1-2y\right)\)
b) \(3x^3+6x^2+3x=3x\left(x^2+2x+1\right)=3x\left(x+1\right)^2\)
c) \(x^3-x^2+2\)
d) \(x^2+4x+4-y^2=\left(x^2+4x+4\right)-y^2=\left(x+2\right)^2-y^2=\left(x-y+2\right)\left(x+y+2\right)\)
e) \(x^3+4x^2+4x=x\left(x^2+4x+4\right)=x\left(x+2\right)^2\)
f) \(x^2+2x+1-9y^2=\left(x+1\right)^2-\left(3y\right)^2=\left(x-3y+1\right)\left(x+3y+1\right)\)
g) \(6x^2-12x=6x\left(x-2\right)\)
h) \(x^3-2x^2+x=x\left(x^2-2x+1\right)=x\left(x-1\right)^2\)
i) \(x^2-2xy+y^2-9=\left(x-y\right)^2-3^2=\left(x-y-3\right)\left(x-y+3\right)\)
2x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1
= x3 + (x3 - 3x2 + 3x - 1)
= x3 + (x - 1)3
= (2x - 1)(x2 - x + 1)