cho \(x+\dfrac{16}{x-2}\ge10\). Dấu ''='' xảy ra khi x=?
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\(P=\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+\dfrac{x^2+y^2+2xy}{x^2+y^2}\)
\(P=\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+2xy\left(\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}\right)+1+\dfrac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}\)
\(P\ge2xy.\dfrac{2}{xy}+\dfrac{2\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{xy}+1+\dfrac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}\)
\(P\ge\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{2xy}+\dfrac{2xy}{x^2+y^2}+\dfrac{3}{2}\left(\dfrac{x^2+y^2}{xy}\right)+5\)
\(P\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{2xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)}{2xy\left(x^2+y^2\right)}}+\dfrac{3}{2}.\dfrac{2xy}{xy}+5=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y\)
Lời giải:
Áp dụng BĐT SVac-xơ:
\(\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{27}{\sqrt{3y}}=\frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{9}{\sqrt{3y}}+\frac{9}{\sqrt{3y}}+\frac{9}{\sqrt{3y}}\geq \frac{(1+3+3+3)^2}{\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{3y}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{27}{\sqrt{3y}}\geq \frac{100}{x+3\sqrt{3y}}(1)\)
Áp dụng BĐT Bunhiacopxky:
\((x+3y)(1+9)\geq (\sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{3y})^2\)
\(\Rightarrow \sqrt{x}+3\sqrt{3y}\leq \sqrt{10(x+3y)}\leq 10(2)\) do \(x+3y\leq 10\)
Từ \((1);(2)\Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{x}}+\frac{27}{\sqrt{3y}}\geq \frac{100}{x+3\sqrt{3y}}\geq \frac{100}{10}=10\) (đpcm)
Dấu bằng xảy ra khi \(\frac{\sqrt{x}}{1}=\frac{\sqrt{3y}}{3}; x+3y=10\Rightarrow x=1;y=3\)
Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
Đặt \(Q=x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge x+y+z+\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(=x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{8}{x+y+z}\)
Áp dụng BĐT Cô - si có :
\(\left(x+y+z\right)+\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}\ge2\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)\cdot\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}}=2\)
Do \(x+y+z\le1\Rightarrow\dfrac{8}{x+y+z}\ge8\)
Do đó : \(Q\ge8+2=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
\(x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\ge x+y+z+\dfrac{9}{x+y+z}\)
\(VT\ge x+y+z+\dfrac{1}{x+y+z}+\dfrac{8}{x+y+z}\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{x+y+z}{x+y+z}}+\dfrac{8}{1}=10\)
Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{3}\)
Cho x,y,z là các số dương thỏa mãn: \(x+y\ge10\). Tìm GTNN của \(A=2x+y+\dfrac{30}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}\)
<=> A = (x+y) + ( 5/x + 5/y) +( 25/x + x)
Xét:
+) x+y >/ 10
+) 5/x + 5/y = 5(1/x+1/y) >/ 5.4/x+y = 2 <=> x=y
+) 25/x + x >/ 2. căn 25/x.x =10
=> A >/ 10+2+10 = 22 <=> (x;y)= (5;5).
\(A=\left(\dfrac{6x}{5}+\dfrac{30}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{5}+\dfrac{5}{y}\right)+\dfrac{4}{5}\left(x+y\right)\)
\(A\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{180x}{5x}}+2\sqrt{\dfrac{5y}{5y}}+\dfrac{4}{5}.10=22\)
\(A_{min}=22\) khi \(x=y=5\)
\(P=2x+y+\dfrac{30}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}\)
\(=\left(\dfrac{6x}{5}+\dfrac{30}{x}\right)+\left(\dfrac{y}{5}+\dfrac{5}{y}\right)+\left(\dfrac{4x}{5}+\dfrac{4y}{5}\right)\)
\(\ge2.6+2+\dfrac{4}{5}.10=22\)
Vậy GTNN là P = 22 khi x = y = 5
dấu bằng xảy ra khi :
\(x+\dfrac{16}{x-2}=10\\ \Rightarrow x\left(x-2\right)+16=10x-20\\ x^2-2x+16=10x-20\\ x^2-12x+36=0\\ \left(x-6\right)^2=0\\ \Rightarrow x=6\)