1 ,
Cho x2 - 9x + 1 = 0 . Tính V = \(\dfrac{x4+x2+1}{5x2}\)
2.
Cho : ax + by = 5c ( 1 )
by + cz = 5a ( 2 )
cz + ax = 5b ( 3 )
Tính M = \(\dfrac{1}{x+5}\)+ \(\dfrac{1}{y+5}\)+\(\dfrac{1}{z+5}\)
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ax + by = 5c (1); by + cz = 5a (2); cz + ax = 5b (3);
Lấy (1) - (2) + (3) về theo vế có : 2ax = - 5a + 5b + 5c => 2a(x + 5) = 5(a + b + c)
=> 1/(x + 5) = 2a/5(a + b + c) (4)
Tương tự :
1/(y + 5) = 2b/5(a + b + c) (5)
1/(z + 5) = 2c/5(a + b + c) (6)
Từ (4) + (5) + (6) :
M = 1/(x + 5) + 1/(y + 5) + 1/(z + 5) = 2/5
Đặt \(ax^3=by^3=cz^3=k\).
Khi đó ta có:
\(VT=\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{k}{x}+\dfrac{k}{y}+\dfrac{k}{z}}=\sqrt[3]{k\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)}=\sqrt[3]{k}\).
\(VP=\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{k}{x^3}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{k}{y^3}}+\sqrt[3]{\dfrac{k}{z^3}}=\sqrt[3]{k}\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)=\sqrt[3]{k}\).
Từ đó ta có đpcm.
Ta có: ax3 = \(\dfrac{ax^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}}\)
Tương tự ta có: ax3 = by3 = cz3
hay \(\dfrac{ax^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{by^2}{\dfrac{1}{y}}=\dfrac{cz^2}{\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}\) = ax2 + by2 + cz2 (T/c dãy tỉ số bằng nhau)
\(\Rightarrow\) \(\sqrt[3]{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=\sqrt[3]{ax^3}=\sqrt[3]{by^3}=\sqrt[3]{cz^3}\)
= \(\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}}{\dfrac{1}{x}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{b}}{\dfrac{1}{y}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{c}}{\dfrac{1}{z}}=\dfrac{\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}}{\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}}=\sqrt[3]{a}+\sqrt[3]{b}+\sqrt[3]{c}\) (đpcm)
Chúc bn học tốt!
Bài này hình như có lần làm rồi :))
Đặt `ax^3=by^3=cz^3=k^3`
`=>a=k^3/x^3,b=k^3/y^3,c=k^3/z^3`
`=>root{3}{a}+root{3}{b}+root{3}{c}=k/x+k/y+k/z=k(1/x+1/y+1/z)=k(1)`
`**:ax^2+by^2+cz^2=(ax^3)/x+(by^3)/y+(cz^3)/z=k^3/x+k^3/y+k^3/z=k^3(1/x+1/y+1/z)=k^3`
`=>root{3}{ax^2+by^2+cz^2}=k(2)`
`(1)(2)=>ĐPCM`
Lời giải:
Ta có:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} x=by+cz\\ y=ax+cz\\ z=ax+by\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-y=by-ax\\ z=ax+by\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow x-y+z=2by\Rightarrow b=\frac{x+z-y}{2y}\)
Hoàn toàn tương tự ta nhận được:
\(a=\frac{y+z-x}{2x};c=\frac{x+y-z}{2z}\)
Suy ra:
\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a+1=\frac{x+y+z}{2x}\\ b+1=\frac{x+y+z}{2y}\\ c+1=\frac{x+y+z}{2z}\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Rightarrow \frac{1}{a+1}+\frac{1}{b+1}+\frac{1}{c+1}=2\) (ĐPCM)
Cộng vế với vế:
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z=2ax+2by+2cz\)
\(\Rightarrow x+y+z-2x=2ax+2by+2cx-2\left(by+cz\right)=2ax\)
\(\Rightarrow2ax=y+z-x\)
\(\Rightarrow a=\dfrac{y+z-x}{2x}\Rightarrow1+a=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2x}\)
Tương tự ta có: \(1+b=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2y}\) ; \(1+c=\dfrac{x+y+z}{2z}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+a}+\dfrac{1}{1+b}+\dfrac{1}{1+c}=\dfrac{2x+2y+2z}{x+y+z}=2\)
Cho x = by + cz ; y = ax + cz; z = ax + by.
\(CMR:A=\dfrac{1}{a+1}+\dfrac{1}{b+1}+\dfrac{1}{c+1}=2\)
Ta có
\(x-y=\left(by+cz\right)-\left(ax+cz\right)=by-ax\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\left(a+1\right)=y\cdot\left(b+1\right)\)
\(y-z=\left(ax+cz\right)-\left(ax+by\right)=cz-by\)
\(\Leftrightarrow z\cdot\left(c+1\right)=y\cdot\left(b+1\right)\)
\(x-z=\left(by+cz\right)-\left(ax+by\right)=cz-ax\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\cdot\left(a+1\right)=z\cdot\left(c+1\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow x\cdot\left(a+1\right)=z\cdot\left(c+1\right)=y\left(b+1\right)\)
Đặt \(x\cdot\left(a+1\right)=z\cdot\left(c+1\right)=y\left(b+1\right)=k\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+1=\dfrac{k}{x}\\b+1=\dfrac{k}{y}\\c+1=\dfrac{k}{z}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Thay vào A, ta có :
\(A=\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{k}{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{k}{y}}+\dfrac{1}{\dfrac{k}{z}}\)
\(=\dfrac{x}{k}+\dfrac{y}{k}+\dfrac{z}{k}\)
=\(\dfrac{x+y+z}{k}\)
Vì z = ax + by; x = cz + by; y = ax + cz nen :
\(k=z\cdot\left(c+1\right)=cz+z=cz+ax+by\)
\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2\cdot\left(ax+by+czz\right)}{ax+by+cz}=2\)
⇒ĐPCM
Từ (1); (2) và (3) ta được:
\(ax+by+by+cz+cz+ax=5a+5b+5c\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ax+by+cz\right)=5\left(a+b+c\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow a+b+c=\dfrac{2\left(ax+by+cz\right)}{5}\)
Ta có:
\(ax+by=5a\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ax+by+cz=5c+cz\)
\(\Leftrightarrow ax+by+cz=c\left(z+5\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{z+5}=\dfrac{c}{ax+by+cz}\) (3)
Tượng tự ta có:
\(\dfrac{1}{x+5}=\dfrac{a}{ax+by+cz}\) (4)
\(\dfrac{1}{y+5}=\dfrac{b}{ax+by+cz}\)(5)
Từ (3);(4)và (5) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x+5}+\dfrac{1}{y+5}+\dfrac{1}{z+5}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{ax+by+cz}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{2\left(ax+by+cz\right)}{5}}{ax+by+cz}=\dfrac{2}{5}\)
Vậy:....
\(x^2-9x+1=0\Rightarrow x=9x-1\)
Ta có:
\(V=\dfrac{x^4+x^2+1}{5x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(x^2\right)^2+x^2+1}{5x^2}\)
\(=\dfrac{\left(9x-1\right)^2+9x-1+1}{5\left(9x-1\right)}=\dfrac{81x^2-18x+1+9x-1+1}{5\left(9x-1\right)}=\dfrac{81\left(9x-1\right)-9x+1}{5\left(9x-1\right)}=\dfrac{729x-81-9x+1}{5\left(9x-1\right)}\)\(=\dfrac{720x-80}{5\left(9x-1\right)}=\dfrac{80\left(9x-1\right)}{5\left(9x-1\right)}=16\)