M = (8x^6 - 27) : (4x^4+6x^2+9)
N= (y^4-1):(y^3+y^2+y+1)
tính tỉ số M: N khi x =8 y=251
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Ta có : \(M=\frac{8x^6-27}{4x^4+6x^2+9}=\frac{\left(2x^2\right)^3-3^3}{\left(2x^2\right)^2+\left(2x^2\right).3+3^2}\)
\(=\frac{\left(2x^2-3\right)\left[\left(2x^2\right)^2+2x^2.3+3^2\right]}{\left(2x^2\right)^2+2x^2.3+3^2}=2x^2-3\)
\(N=\frac{y^4-1}{y^3+y^2+y+1}=\frac{\left(y-1\right)\left(y^3+y^2+y+1\right)}{y^3+y^2+y+1}=y-1\)
Vậy \(\frac{M}{N}=\frac{2x^3-3}{y-1}\)
Khi \(x=8,y=251\) , ta có :
\(\frac{M}{N}=\frac{2.8^3-3}{251-1}=\frac{1}{2}\)
Tìm x:
1. 3x (2x + 3) - (2x + 5).(3x - 2) = 8
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2+9x-6x^2+4x-15x+10=0 \)
\(\Leftrightarrow-2x+10=0\Leftrightarrow x=5\)
Vậy x = 5
2. 4x (x -1) - 3(x2 - 5) -x2 = (x - 3) - (x + 4)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x-3x^2+15-x^2=x-3-x-4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x+15=-7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-4x=-22\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{11}{2}\)
Vậy x = \(\frac{11}{2}\)
3. 2 (3x -1) (2x +5) - 6 (2x - 1) (x + 2) = -6
\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(6x^2+15x-2x-5\right)-6\left(2x^2+4x-x-2\right)=-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow12x^2+30x-4x-10-12x^2-24x+6x+12=-6\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8x=-8\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)
Vậy x = -1
4. 3 ( 2x - 1) (3x - 1) - (2x - 3) (9x - 1) - 3 = -3
\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(6x^2-2x-3x+1\right)-18x^2+2x+27x-3-3=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x^2-6x-9x+3-18x^2+2x+27x-6=-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow14x=0\Leftrightarrow x=0\)
Vậy x = 0
5. (3x - 1) (2x + 7) - ( x + 1) (6x - 5) = (x + 2) - (x - 5)
\(\Leftrightarrow6x^2+21x-2x-7-6x^2+5x-6x+5=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow18x=9\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{1}{2}\)
Vậy x = \(\frac{1}{2}\)
6. 3xy (x + y) - (x + y) (x2 + y2 + 2xy) + y3 = 27
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2y+3xy^2-\left(x+y\right)^3+y^3=27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2y+3xy^2-x^3-y^3-3x^2y-3xy^2+y^3=27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-x^3=27\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=-3\)
Vậy x = -3
7. 3x (8x - 4) - 6x (4x - 3) = 30
\(\Leftrightarrow24x^2-12x-24x^2+12x=30\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0=30\) ( vô lý)
Vậy pt vô nghiệm
8. 3x (5 - 2x) + 2x (3x - 5) = 20
\(\Leftrightarrow15x-6x^2+6x^2-10x=20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow5x=20\Leftrightarrow x=4\)
Vậy x = 4
M = (8x6 - 27) : (4x4 + 6x2 + 9)
= (2x2 - 3)(4x4 + 6x2 + 9) : (4x4 + 6x2 + 9)
= 2x2 - 3
N = (y4 - 1) : (y3 + y2 + y + 1)
= (y2 + 1)(y - 1)(y + 1) : [(y + 1)(y2 + 1)]
= y - 1
\(\frac{M}{N}=\frac{2x^2-3}{y-1}=\frac{2\cdot8^2-3}{251-1}=\frac{125}{250}=\frac{1}{2}\)