cho 200g dd Na2CO3 tác dụng vừa đủ với 120dd HCl theo sơ đồ phản ưng sau
Na2CO3 + HCl \(\underrightarrow{ }\)NaCl + CO2+ H20
a) hoàn thành PTHH theo sơ đồ trên
b) sau phản ứng dd có nồng độ 20% .tính C% của 2 dd đầu
giúp với ac c,ơn trước ạ
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Câu 1:
\(C+O_2\xrightarrow{t^o}CO_2\\ CO_2+H_2O\buildrel{{}}\over\rightleftharpoons H_2CO_3\\ H_2CO_3+2NaOH\to Na_2CO_3+2H_2O\\ Na_2CO_3+H_2SO_4\to Na_2SO_4+H_2O+CO_2\uparrow\\ Na_2SO_4+BaCl_2\to 2NaCl+BaSO_4\downarrow\)
Ta có: \(n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,4.1=0,4\left(mol\right)\)
PT: \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\)
a, \(n_{HCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,6}=\dfrac{4}{3}\left(M\right)\)
b, \(n_{NaCl}=2n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,8\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow m_{NaCl}=0,8.58,5=46,8\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{CO_2}=n_{Na_2CO_3}=0,4\left(mol\right)\Rightarrow V_{CO_2}=0,4.24,79=9,916\left(l\right)\)
c, \(C_{M_{NaCl}}=\dfrac{0,8}{0,4+0,6}=0,8\left(M\right)\)
\(a.Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O\\ n_{NaCl}=n_{HCl}=2.n_{CO_2}=2.\dfrac{448:1000}{22,4}=0,04\left(mol\right)\\ C_{MddHCl}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,02}=2\left(M\right)\\ b.m_{NaCl}=58,5.0,04=2,34\left(g\right)\\ c.m_{Na_2CO_3}=106.0,02=2,12\left(g\right)\\ \%m_{Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{2,12}{5}.100=42,4\%\\ \%m_{NaCl}=100\%-42,4\%=57,6\%\)
Bài 16 :
\(n_{CO2}=\dfrac{0,448}{22,4}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
Pt : \(Na_2CO_3+2HCl\rightarrow2NaCl+CO_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 2 1 1
0,02 0,04 0,04 0,02
a) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
20ml = 0,02l
\(C_{M_{HCl}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,02}=2\left(M\right)\)
b) \(n_{NaCl}=\dfrac{0,02.2}{1}=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{NaCl}=0,04.58,5=2,34\left(g\right)\)
c) \(n_{Na2CO3}=\dfrac{0,04.1}{2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{Na2CO3}=0,02.106=2,12\left(g\right)\)
\(m_{NaCl}=5-2,12=2,88\left(g\right)\)
0/0Na2CO3 = \(\dfrac{2,12.100}{5}=42,4\)0/0
0/0NaCl = \(\dfrac{2,88.100}{5}=57,6\)0/0
Chúc bạn học tốt
a)
\(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)
PTHH: Na2CO3 + 2CH3COOH --> 2CH3COONa + CO2 + H2O
0,15<---------0,3<------------------------0,15
=> \(C\%_{dd.CH_3COOH}=\dfrac{0,3.60}{200}.100\%=9\%\)
b)
\(m_{dd.Na_2CO_3}=\dfrac{0,15.106.100}{15}=106\left(g\right)\)
c)
PTHH: 2CH3COOH + Ba(OH)2 --> (CH3COO)2Ba + 2H2O
0,3--------->0,15
=> \(V_{dd.Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,15}{0,5}=0,3\left(l\right)=300\left(ml\right)\)
a, PTHH : \(CaCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow CaCl_2+H_2O+CO_2\)
\(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{m}{M}=\frac{10}{100}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl}=C_M.V=2.0,02=0,04\left(mol\right)\)
- Theo PTHH : \(n_{CaCO_3}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=0,04.\frac{1}{2}=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> Sau phản ứng CaCO3 còn dư ( dư \(0,1-0,02=0,08\left(mol\right)\) ), HCl phản ứng hết .
- Theo PTHH : \(n_{CO_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\frac{1}{2}.0,04=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(V_{CO_2}=n.22,4=0,02.22,4=0,448\left(l\right)\)
b, - Theo PTHH : \(n_{CaCl_2}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\frac{1}{2}0,04=0,02\left(mol\right)\)
=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C_{MCaCl_2}=\frac{n}{V}=\frac{0,02}{0,02}=1\left(M\right)\\C_{MCaCO_3}=\frac{n}{V}=\frac{0,08}{0,02}=4\left(M\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(n_{CuO}=\dfrac{8}{80}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
a) Pt : \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O|\)
1 2 1 1
0,1 0,2 0,1
b) \(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{0,1.2}{1}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{HCl}=0,2.36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(C_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{7,3.100}{200}=3,65\)0/0
c) \(n_{CuCl2}=\dfrac{0,2.1}{2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
⇒ \(m_{CuCl2}=0,1.135=13,5\left(g\right)\)
Chúc bạn học tốt
\(n_{HCl}=\dfrac{100.14,6\%}{36,5}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{50}{84}=\dfrac{25}{42}\left(mol\right)\\ PTHH:MgCO_3+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+CO_2+H_2O\\ Vì:0,4:2< \dfrac{25}{42}:1\\ \Rightarrow MgCO_3dư\\ \Rightarrow ddsau:MgCl_2\\n_{MgCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=n_{CO_2}= n_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{0,4}{2}=0,2\left(mol\right)\\ m_{ddsau}=m_{MgCO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}+m_{ddHCl}-m_{CO_2}=0,2.84+100-0,2.44=108\left(g\right)\\ C\%_{ddMgCl_2}=\dfrac{0,2.95}{108}.100\approx17,593\%\%\)
NaCO3 + 2HCl ->2NaCl+ CO2 +H2O
nNaCO3=200:106 =1,88 mol
theo pthh nCO2=nNaCO3 =1,88 mol
=>mCO2=1,88.44= 82,72 g
mdd sau pu =200+120-82,72 =237,28 g
mNaCl=237,28.20:100=47,456g
nNaCl=47,456:58,5=0,81 mol
theo pthh nHCl =nNaCl=0,81 mol
nNaCO3=1/2n NaCl =0,405 mol
C%NaCO3=[0,405.83]:200.100=16,8075 %
C%HCl=[0,81.36,5]:120.100=0,29 %