Cho 3 góc \(\alpha,\beta,\gamma\) tạo thành một cấp số cộng theo thứ tự đó với công sai \(d=\dfrac{\pi}{3}\). Chứng minh :
a) \(\tan\alpha.\tan\beta+\tan\beta\tan\gamma+\tan\gamma.\tan\alpha=-3\)
b) \(4\cos\alpha.\cos\beta\cos\gamma=\cos3\beta\)
K
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NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
4 tháng 8 2021
\(\dfrac{sin\left(a-b\right)}{sina.sinb}+\dfrac{sin\left(b-c\right)}{sinb.sinc}+\dfrac{sin\left(c-a\right)}{sinc.sina}\)
\(=\dfrac{sina.cosb-cosa.sinb}{sina.sinb}+\dfrac{sinb.cosc-cosb.sinc}{sinb.sinc}+\dfrac{sinc.cosa-cosc.sina}{sina.sinc}\)
\(=\dfrac{cosb}{sinb}-\dfrac{cosa}{sina}+\dfrac{cosc}{sincc}-\dfrac{cosb}{sinb}+\dfrac{cosa}{sina}-\dfrac{cosc}{sincc}\)
\(=0\)
BT
10 tháng 5 2017
a) \(sin6\alpha cot3\alpha cos6\alpha=2.sin3\alpha.cos3\alpha\dfrac{cos3\alpha}{sin3\alpha}-cos6\alpha\)
\(=2cos^23\alpha-\left(2cos^23\alpha-1\right)=1\) (Không phụ thuộc vào x).
BT
10 tháng 5 2017
b) \(\left[tan\left(90^o-\alpha\right)-cot\left(90^o+\alpha\right)\right]^2\)\(-\left[cot\left(180^o+\alpha\right)+cot\left(270^o+\alpha\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left[cot\alpha+cot\left(90^o-\alpha\right)\right]^2\)\(-\left[cot\alpha+cot\left(90^o+\alpha\right)\right]^2\)
\(=\left[cot\alpha+tan\alpha\right]^2-\left[cot\alpha-tan\alpha\right]^2\)
\(=4tan\alpha cot\alpha=4\). (Không phụ thuộc vào \(\alpha\)).
KK
22 tháng 2 2017
\(VT=a+b+c=\alpha.\frac{a}{\alpha}+\beta.\frac{b}{\beta}+\gamma.\frac{c}{\gamma}\)
Áp dụng phương pháp nhóm ABEL
\(\Rightarrow VT=\left(\alpha-\beta\right)\frac{a}{\alpha}+\left(\beta-\gamma\right)\left(\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}\right)+\gamma\left(\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}+\frac{c}{\gamma}\right)\)
Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy
\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}\ge2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\alpha\beta}}\left(1\right)\\\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}+\frac{c}{\gamma}\ge3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\alpha\beta\gamma}}\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Ta có \(ab\ge\alpha\beta\Rightarrow\frac{ab}{\alpha\beta}\ge1\) \(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{\frac{ab}{\alpha\beta}}\ge2\left(2\right)\)
Ta có \(abc\ge\alpha\beta\gamma\Rightarrow\frac{abc}{\alpha\beta\gamma}\ge1\Rightarrow3\sqrt[3]{\frac{abc}{\alpha\beta\gamma}}\ge3\left(4\right)\)
Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}\ge2\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(\beta-\gamma\right)\left(\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}\right)\ge2\left(\beta-\gamma\right)\) ( 5 )
Từ ( 3 ) và ( 4 )
\(\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}+\frac{c}{\gamma}\ge3\)
\(\Rightarrow\gamma\left(\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}+\frac{c}{\gamma}\right)\ge3\gamma\) ( 6 )
Theo đề bài ta có \(a\ge\alpha\Rightarrow\frac{a}{\alpha}\ge1\)\(\Rightarrow\left(\alpha-\beta\right)\frac{a}{\alpha}\ge\alpha-\beta\) ( 7 )
Từ ( 5 ) , ( 6 ) , ( 7 ) cộng theo từng vế
\(\Rightarrow VT=\left(\alpha-\beta\right)\frac{a}{\alpha}+\left(\beta-\gamma\right)\left(\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}\right)+\gamma\left(\frac{a}{\alpha}+\frac{b}{\beta}+\frac{c}{\gamma}\right)\ge2\left(\beta-\gamma\right)+3\gamma+\alpha-\beta\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge2\beta-2\gamma+3\gamma+\alpha-\beta\)
\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\alpha+\beta+\gamma\)
\(\Leftrightarrow a+b+c\ge\alpha+\beta+\gamma\) ( đpcm )
NV
Nguyễn Việt Lâm
Giáo viên
29 tháng 5 2020
\(A=tan\left(a+b\right)=tan\frac{\pi}{4}=1\)
Ta có: \(tan\left(a+b\right)=\frac{tana+tanb}{1-tana.tanb}\)
\(\Rightarrow B=tana+tanb=tan\left(a+b\right)\left(1-tana.tanb\right)=1.\left(1-3+2\sqrt{2}\right)=2\sqrt{2}-2\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}tana+tanb=2\sqrt{2}-2\\tana.tanb=3-2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo Viet đảo, \(tana;tanb\) là nghiệm của:
\(x^2-\left(2\sqrt{2}-2\right)x+3-2\sqrt{2}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\sqrt{2}+1\right)^2=0\Rightarrow x=\sqrt{2}-1\)
\(\Rightarrow tana=tanb=\sqrt{2}-1\Rightarrow a=b=\frac{\pi}{8}\)
BT
10 tháng 5 2017
a) \(\dfrac{tan\alpha-tan\beta}{cot\beta-cot\alpha}=\dfrac{\dfrac{sin\alpha}{cos\alpha}-\dfrac{sin\beta}{cos\beta}}{\dfrac{cos\beta}{sin\beta}-\dfrac{cos\alpha}{sin\alpha}}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{sin\alpha cos\beta-cos\alpha sin\beta}{cos\alpha cos\beta}}{\dfrac{cos\beta sin\alpha-cos\alpha sin\beta}{sin\beta sin\alpha}}\)
\(=\dfrac{sin\beta sin\alpha}{cos\beta cos\alpha}=tan\alpha tan\beta\).
BT
10 tháng 5 2017
b) \(tan100^o+\dfrac{sin530^o}{1+sin640^o}=tan100^o+\dfrac{sin170^o}{1+sin280^o}\)
\(=-cot10^o+\dfrac{sin10^o}{1-sin80^o}\)\(=\dfrac{-cos10^o}{sin10^o}+\dfrac{sin10^o}{1-cos10^o}\)
\(=\dfrac{-cos10^o+cos^210^o+sin^210^o}{sin10^o\left(1-cos10^o\right)}\) \(=\dfrac{1-cos10^o}{sin10^o\left(1-cos10^o\right)}=\dfrac{1}{sin10^o}\) .
HP
1 tháng 6 2021
2.
ĐK: \(2x-y\ge0;y\ge0;y-x-1\ge0;y-3x+5\ge0\)
\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy-2y-3=\sqrt{y-x-1}+\sqrt{y-3x+5}\left(1\right)\\\left(1-y\right)\sqrt{2x-y}+2\left(x-1\right)=\left(2x-y-1\right)\sqrt{y}\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\left(2\right)\Leftrightarrow\left(1-y\right)\sqrt{2x-y}+y-1+2x-y-1-\left(2x-y-1\right)\sqrt{y}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-y\right)\left(\sqrt{2x-y}-1\right)+\left(2x-y-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{2x-y}-1\right)\left(1+\sqrt{y}\right)+\left(\sqrt{2x-y}-1\right)\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{2x-y}+1\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(1-\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{2x-y}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{2x-y}+2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=1\\y=2x-1\end{matrix}\right.\) (Vì \(\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{2x-y}+2>0\))
Nếu \(y=1\), khi đó:
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow x-5=\sqrt{-x}+\sqrt{-3x+6}\)
Phương trình này vô nghiệm
Nếu \(y=2x-1\), khi đó:
\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow2x^2-5x-1=\sqrt{x-2}+\sqrt{4-x}\) (Điều kiện: \(2\le x\le4\))
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-3\right)+x-3+1-\sqrt{x-2}+1-\sqrt{4-x}=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{4-x}}-\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{x-2}}+2x+1\right)=0\)
Ta thấy: \(1+\sqrt{x-2}\ge1\Rightarrow-\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{x-2}}\ge-1\Rightarrow1-\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{x-2}}\ge0\)
Lại có: \(\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{4-x}}>0\); \(2x>0\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{4-x}}-\dfrac{1}{1+\sqrt{x-2}}+2x+1>0\)
Nên phương trình \(\left(1\right)\) tương đương \(x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\Rightarrow y=5\)
Ta thấy \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;5\right)\) thỏa mãn điều kiện ban đầu.
Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(3;5\right)\)
Theo giả thiết ta có 3 góc: \(\alpha;\beta=\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3};\gamma=\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\).
Ta có:
\(tan\alpha.tan\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)+tan\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right).tan\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)+\)\(tan\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right).tan\alpha\)
\(=tan\alpha\left[tan\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)+tan\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)\right]\)\(+tan\left(a+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)tan\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(=tan\alpha\dfrac{sin\left(2\alpha+\pi\right)}{cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)}\)\(+\dfrac{sin\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)sin\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)}{cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)}\)
\(=tan\alpha\dfrac{-sin2\alpha}{cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)}\)\(+\dfrac{cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}-cos\left(2\alpha+\pi\right)}{2cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{-2sin^2\alpha}{cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)}\)\(+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}+cos2\alpha}{2cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}-4sin^2\alpha+cos2\alpha}{2cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{2}-4\left(1-cos^2\alpha\right)+2cos^2\alpha-1}{cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}+cos\left(2\alpha+\pi\right)}\)
\(=\dfrac{6cos^2\alpha-\dfrac{9}{2}}{\dfrac{1}{2}-cos2\alpha}\)
\(=\dfrac{3\left(2cos^2\alpha-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)}{\dfrac{1}{2}-\left(2cos^2\alpha-1\right)}=\dfrac{3\left(2cos^2\alpha-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)}{\dfrac{3}{2}-2cos^2\alpha}=-3\).
\(4cos\alpha.cos\beta cos\gamma=4cos\alpha cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{\pi}{3}\right)cos\left(\alpha+\dfrac{2\pi}{3}\right)\)
\(=4cos\alpha.\dfrac{1}{2}\left(cos\dfrac{\pi}{3}+cos\left(2\alpha+\pi\right)\right)\)
\(=4cos\alpha.\dfrac{1}{2}\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-cos2\alpha\right)\)
\(=cos\alpha-2cos\alpha.cos2\alpha\)
\(=cos\alpha-\left(cos\alpha+cos3\alpha\right)\)
\(=-cos3\alpha\)
\(=cos\left(\pi+3\alpha\right)\)
\(=cos3\left(\dfrac{\pi}{3}+\alpha\right)\)
\(=cos3\beta\) (đpcm).